H3559a H3559a
prepare, make ready; be/make firm, established; be ready/right/certain; direct, aim
This root expresses firmness and preparation across multiple stems. In the Hifil it means actively preparing or establishing something — a meal, a throne, a kingdom. The Nifal describes being established, standing firm, or being ready for action, as well as what is right or certain. Piel and Pual forms intensify the establishing or confirming action, while occasional senses cover directing or aiming toward a target. Arabic distinguishes preparation (أَعَدَّ) from establishment (ثَبَّتَ) and correctness (صَوَاب), confirming that this root spans readiness, durability, and epistemic certainty. The reflexive Hitpael shows self-establishment, as in building up a city or preparing oneself.
5. ready, prepared (Nifal stative) — The Nifal participle used adjectivally for 'ready, prepared' accounts for 17 occurrences. Exodus 19:11 commands the people to 'be ready for the third day,' Joshua 8:4 instructs the ambush to be ready. Arabic مُسْتَعِدّ ('ready, prepared') and Swahili tayari reveal this as a state of readiness for action, not firmness or permanence — a semantic shift within the Nifal stem. 17×
AR["أُعِدَّتْ","اِسْتَعِدَّ","مُستَعِدّاً","مُستَعِدّينَ","مُسْتَعِدٌّ","مُسْتَعِدَّةٌ","مُسْتَعِدِّينَ","مُعَدَّةٌ","مُهَيَّأٌ","وَ-اسْتَعِدُّوا","وَ-تَهَيَّأَتِ","وَ-تَهَيَّأَتْ","وَ-يَستَعِدّونَ","وَتَمَّت"]·ben["ও-তারা-প্রস্তুত-হয়","ও-প্রস্তুত-হও","ও-প্রস্তুত-হল","নির্ধারিত","প্রস্তুত","প্রস্তুত-হও","প্রস্তুত-হয়েছিল।"]·DE["bereiten","bereitete","bin-bereit","der-bereitete","der-so","ready","und-bereiten","und-bereitest-sich-selbst"]·EN["am-ready","and-prepare","and-prepare-themselves","and-was-established","and-was-prepared","be-prepared","is-ready","prepare","prepared","ready","they-were-prepared"]·FR["[הכן]","[כוננו]","affermir","et-affermir","et-établir","prépare-toi!","prêt","ready","établir"]·heb["היכוֹן","היכון","ו-הכונו","ו-יתכוננו","ו-תכון","ו-תכן","כוננו","נכון","נכונו","נכונים"]·HI["उसकी-करवट-में","और-तैयार-करते-हैं","और-तैयार-करो","और-तैयार-हुआ","और-तैयार-हुई","तैयार","तैयार-किए-गए","तैयार-हूँ","तैयार-हैं","तैयार-हो"]·ID["Dipersiapkan","bersiaplah","dan-disiapkan","dan-siapkanlah","disiapkan","mereka-disediakan.","siap","siapkanlah"]·IT["e-stabili'","e-stabilire","il-così","pronto","ready","stabili'","stabilire"]·jav["Lan-dados-rampung","cumawis","dipunsadhiyakaken","kangge-kepanggih","lan-kasamèktakaken","lan-sami-samektakna","nyawa","panjenengan","samekta","samektaa","sami-dicawisaken.","siyaga"]·KO["가까우도다","그리고-준비되었다","그리고-준비하도다","그리고-준비하라","준비되었느니라","준비되었다","준비된","준비된-것이","준비된-자들이","준비하라"]·PT["E-foi-preparado","E-preparai-vos","Prepara-te","Preparados","e-foi-preparada","e-se-preparam","foram-preparados","prepara-te","preparada","preparado","preparados","pronto"]·RU["были-уготованы","готов","готова","готовы","готовься","и-была-установлена","и-готовятся","и-приготовьтесь","и-установилось","приготовленного","приготовься","уготованы"]·ES["Preparados-están","Prepárate","Y-fue-preparada","dispuesto","fueron-preparados","preparada","preparado","preparados","prepárate","y-fue-establecido","y-preparaos","y-se-preparan"]·SW["Jiandae","imetayarishwa","jiandae","kilichotayarishwa","na-ikatayarishwa","na-kujiweka-tayari","niko-tayari","tayari","vilitayarishwa","watiּkּwon","whakiwnwּ","yametayarishwa","zimewekwa-tayari"]·TR["Ve-hazırlandı","Ve-hazırlanın","hazır","hazırlan","hazırlandılar","hazırlanmıştır","ve-hazırlanıyorlar"]·urd["اور-تیار-رہو","اور-تیار-ہوئی","اور-تیار-ہوا","اور-تیار-ہوی","تیار","تیار ہو","تیار-کیے-گئے","تیار-کیے-گئے-ہیں","تیار-ہو","قریب","وَ-تیاری-کَرتے"]
Exod 19:11, Exod 19:15, Exod 34:2, Josh 8:4, 2 Chr 8:16, 2 Chr 35:4, 2 Chr 35:10, 2 Chr 35:16, Neh 8:10, Job 15:23, Job 18:12, Ps 38:17 (+5 more)
▼ 11 more senses below
Senses
1. prepare, make ready (Hifil) — The Hifil sense of preparing or making ready appears 80 times and represents the most frequent usage. Genesis 43:16 records Joseph commanding his steward to prepare a meal, Numbers 23:1 describes Balaam preparing seven altars. Arabic أَعَدَّ ('prepare in advance') and Swahili -andaa ('prepare') consistently render this cluster. The causative stem signals deliberate action to make something ready for use or an event. 80×
AR["أَعَدَّ","أَعَدَّهَا","أَعَدَّهُمْ","أَعْدَدْتُ","هَيَّأَ","هَيَّأْتُ","هَيَّأْتُهُ","وَ-أَعِدَّ","وَثَبِّتْ","يُثَبِّت"]·ben["আর-প্রস্তুত-কর","আর-প্রস্তুত-করুন","এবং-প্রস্তুত-কর","প্রস্তুত-করল","প্রস্তুত-করলাম","প্রস্তুত-করলেন","প্রস্তুত-করেছি","প্রস্তুত-করেছিল","প্রস্তুত-করেছিলেন","প্রস্তুত-করেছে"]·DE["bereiten","bereitete","er-bereitete","und-bereite-zu","und-bereiten","und-der-so"]·EN["I-have-prepared","and-establish","and-prepare","had-prepared","he-established","he-had-prepared","he-prepared","prepared"]·FR["et-der-ainsi","et-préparer","établir"]·heb["הכין","הכינותי","ו-הכן"]·HI["और-तैयार-कर","तैयार-किया","तैयार-किया-था","तैयार-किया-मैंने","तैयार-की-थी-उसने","स्थिर","स्थिर-किया"]·ID["-aku-siapkan","-yang-aku-siapkan","aku-menyiapkan","dan-arahkanlah","dan-siapkanlah","dia-siapkan","disediakan","disiapkan","ia-menyiapkan","ia-siapkan","menetapkan","menyiapkan"]·IT["e-il-così","e-preparare","stabilire"]·jav["dipun-cècawisaken","dipun-siyapaken","dipuncawisaken","kula-nyawisaken","lan-netepaken","lan-samektakna","lan-sampékaken","nyawisaken","nyawisaken-kula","nyiapaken","sampun-nyiapaken","sampun-samektakaken"]·KO["그-가-준비했다","그가-준비했다","그리고-준비하라","그리고-준비하소서","마련하였다","준비하였다","준비한","준비했다","준비했다-나는","확립했다"]·PT["e-prepara","preparei","preparou","que-preparei"]·RU["и-приготовь","и-утверди","приготовил","приготовил-я","приготовленного","устроил","утвердил"]·ES["había-preparado","lo-que-preparé","preparé","preparó","y-prepara"]·SW["aliandaa","alitayarisha","aliyetayarisha","aliziandaa","ambao","hekiyn","na-niandalie","na-tayarisha","na-uandae","niliyoandaa","nimeandaa"]·TR["hazirlamisti","hazırladı","hazırladım","hazırladığım","hazırlamıştı","hazırlayan","ve-hazırla"]·urd["اور-تیار-کر","اُس-نے-تیار-کیا-تھا","اُس-نے-درست-کیا","تیار-کیا","تیار-کیا-تھا","تیار-کیا-میں-نے","قائم-کیا","میں-نے-تیار-کیا","میں-نے-تیار-کیا-ہے"]
Gen 43:16, Gen 43:25, Num 23:1, Num 23:29, Josh 1:11, 1 Sam 7:3, 1 Sam 23:22, 1 Kgs 5:18, 1 Chr 9:32, 1 Chr 12:40, 1 Chr 15:1, 1 Chr 15:3 (+38 more)
2. be established, stand firm (Nifal) — The Nifal passive/stative sense 'be established, stand firm' accounts for 42 occurrences and covers enduring structures and states. Genesis 41:32 explains that the dream was doubled because 'the thing is established by God,' and 2 Samuel 7:16 promises David 'your throne shall be established forever.' Arabic يَثْبُتُ ('be firm, endure') and Korean 확고하다 mark this as a state of permanence distinct from active preparation. 42×
AR["تَثبُت","تَثْبُتُ","تَكُنْ","ثابِت","ثابِتاً","ثابِتٌ","ثَابِتًا","ثَابِتٌ","ثَبَتَتِ","رَاسِخًا","قَائِمٌ","مُسْتَقِيمًا","يَثبُت","يَثْبُتُ"]·ben["দাঁড়িয়ে","দৃঢ়","প্রতিষ্ঠিত","প্রতিষ্ঠিত-হবে","স্থাপিত","স্থাপিত-হবে","স্থির","স্থির-ছিল","স্থির-থাকবে","স্থির-হয়"]·DE["bereiten","bereitete","beständig","gruendete","ist-gegründet","wird-sein-gegründet"]·EN["established","is-established","shall-be-established","steadfast","will-be-established"]·FR["affermir","il-affermira","établi","établir","établit"]·heb["ייכון","נכון","תיכון"]·HI["टिका-है","दृढ़","दृढ़-था","स्थापित","स्थिर","स्थिर-रहेगा","स्थिर-है","स्थिर-होगा","स्थिर-होती-है","स्थिर।"]·ID["akan-kokoh","akan-teguh","dikokohkan","ditopang","kokoh","tegak","teguh"]·IT["stabili'","stabilire","stabilì"]·jav["badhé-mapan","balung","dipun-sangga","jaring","kawontenaken","kukuh","kula","leres","mantep","mapan","mapan-santosa","tetep"]·KO["견고하게","견고하도다","견고하리라","견고하였다","견고하지","굳건한","굳게","굳게-서느니라","굳게-서다","굳게-서리라","세워진다","세워짐","정직한","지탱된다","확고하도다"]·PT["Firme","era-firme","estabelecido","está-firme","firmada","firme","permanecerá","se-estabelece","será-estabelecida","será-estabelecido"]·RU["-утвердится","твёрдо","твёрдый","твёрдым-было","установлен","устоит","утвердилась","утвердится","утверждается","утверждена","утверждён","утверждённой"]·ES["era-firme","es-establecido","establecido","está-firme","firme","se-afirmará","se-apoya","será-establecida","será-establecido"]·SW["Imara","atasimama","hatasimama","imara","imeimarika","imesimama","imewekwa-imara","kinaimarishwa","kitathbitishwa","mbele-ya","ulioimarishwa","umeimarika","utasimamishwa"]·TR["dayanan","duracak","hazır","kurulmus","kurulmuş","kurulur","sabit","sağlam","sağlam-olacak"]·urd["قائم","قائم-رہتا-ہے","قائم-رہے-گا","قائم-ہو-گی","قائم-ہے","مستحکم-ہے","مستقیم","مضبوط","مُستَحکَم","ٹکا-ہوا-ہے"]
Gen 41:32, Judg 16:26, Judg 16:29, 2 Sam 7:16, 2 Sam 7:26, 1 Kgs 2:12, 1 Kgs 2:45, 1 Kgs 2:46, 1 Chr 16:30, 1 Chr 17:14, 1 Chr 17:24, 2 Chr 29:35 (+30 more)
3. establish, make firm (Hifil) — The Hifil causative sense of establishing or setting up a kingdom, throne, or person appears 28 times. 1 Samuel 13:13 records that Saul's kingdom would have been established, 2 Samuel 7:12-13 promises that God will establish Solomon's throne. Arabic ثَبَّتَ and أَقَامَ distinguish this from mere preparation: the focus is on making something stand firm or installing it in place, not just getting it ready. 28×
AR["أَثْبَتَهُ","أَعَدَّها","أُثَبَِتُ","تُثَبَِتُ","تُثَبِّتُ","ثَبَّتَنِي","ثَبِّتْ","كَتَثبيتِ","لِيُثَبِّتَهَا","مُؤَسِّسُ","مُثَبِّتُ","وَ-أَقَامُوا","وَ-أُثَبِّتُ","وَأُثَبِّتُ","وَثَبَّتَ","يُثَبِّتُ"]·ben["আমি-স্থাপন-করব","আর-তারা-স্থাপন-করলেন","আর-স্থাপন-করল","আর-স্থির-করব","এবং-আমি-স্থাপন-করব","এবং-আমি-স্থির-করব","ও-তিনি","তিনি-তাকে-প্রতিষ্ঠিত-করলেন","তুমি-প্রস্তুত-করবে","তুমি-স্থাপন-করবে","পুত্রদের-তোমার","যিনি-স্থাপন-করেছেন","যিনি-স্থাপন-করেন","স্থাপন-করার-সময়","স্থাপন-করেছিলেন-তাকে","স্থাপন-করেছেন-আমাকে","স্থির-কর","স্থির-করতে-একে","স্থির-করেন"]·DE["bereiten","bereitete","du-gründen","du-wird-strengthen","gruendete-ihn","hat-gruendete-mich","ich-wird-gründen","machen-firm","und-bereiten","und-bereitete","und-er-bereitete","und-ich-wird-gruende","wie-bereitete"]·EN["And-I-will-establish","He-established-it","I-will-establish","and-I-will-establish","and-established","established-him","establisher-of","establishes","establishing","has-established-me","make-firm","to-establish-it","when-established","you-establish","you-will-strengthen"]·FR["a-établit-moi","affermir","et-je-fera-établis","et-établir","le-ainsi","établir","établir-elle","établit-lui"]·heb["אכין","הכינ-ו","הכינה","הכינני","הכן","ו-הכינותי","ו-יכינו","ו-יכן","ו-כוננתי","ו-כננתי","יכין","כ-הכין","ל-הכינה","מכין","תכין"]·HI["उसने-स्थापित-किया","और-उन्होंने-स्थापित-किया","और-स्थापित-करूंगा","और-स्थिर-करूँगा","और-स्थिर-करूंगा","और-स्थिर-किया","जैसे-स्थिर","तू-तैयार-करेगा","तू-स्थिर-करेगा","मैं-स्थिर-करूँगा","स्थापित-करने-को-उसे","स्थापित-करने-वाला","स्थापित-किया-मुझे","स्थिर-करता-है","स्थिर-करनेवाला","स्थिर-किया-था-उसे"]·ID["Aku-akan-meneguhkan","Dan-meneguhkan","Dan-mereka-mendirikan","Dia-menetapkannya","Engkau-meneguhkan","dan-Aku-akan-meneguhkan","dan-Aku-meneguhkan","ketika-teguh","meneguhkanku","meneguhkannya","menentukan","tetapkanlah","untuk-meneguhkannya","yang-menegakkan"]·IT["e-io-vorrà-stabilisci","e-stabilire","ha-stabilì-me","il-cosi'","stabili'","stabilire","stabilire-sua","stabilì-lui"]·jav["Ingkang-netepaken","Kula-badhé-nyantosakaken","Lan-badhé-netepaken-Kula","Lan-ngukuhaken","Panjenengan-kukuhaken","Panjenengan-nyantosakaken","jejegna","kanggé-netepaken-piyambakipun","lan-Aku-badhé-netepaken","lan-Ingsun-badhé-netepaken","lan-netepaken-Ingsun","lan-njejegaken","nalika-kukuh","netepaken","njumenengaken-kula","piyambakipun-ingkang-negakaken"]·KO["굳게-하리라","굳게-하시리라","그-와-굳세우겠다-나-는","그것을-세우시려고","그리고-굳게-하겠다-나는","그리고-세우다","그리고-세우셨다","그리고-세울-것이다","그리고-확립하게-하겠다-나는","세우셨다","세우셨다-그를","세우셨다-나를","세우소서","세우시는-자이시라","세우신-자가","정하시느니라","준비하시리이다","확립할-때"]·PT["E-estabeleceram","E-estabelecerei","a-estabeleceu","dirige","e-estabelecerei","e-estabeleceu","e-firmarei","estabelecerei","estabelecerás","estabeleceu-me","estabeleceu-o","firma","fortalecerás","para-estabelecê-la","quando-estabeleceu","que-estabelece","que-estabeleceu"]·RU["И-установили","и-укреплю","и-утвердил","и-утвержу","и-утвержу-Я","когда-утвердилось","направляет","укрепишь","установил-её","утверди","утвердил-его","утвердил-меня","утвердишь-Ты","утверждающий","утвержу","чтобы-утвердить-её"]·ES["Y-estableceré","Y-establecieron","afirma","afirmarás","cuando-se-estableció","dirige","el-que-establece","establecerás","estableceré","la-estableció","lo-estableció","me-estableció","para-establecerla","y-afirmaré","y-estableceré","y-estableció"]·SW["akaiandaa","aliyeisimamisha","amemweka","anaimarisha","anayeimarisha","juu-ya","kuisimamisha","na-akaimarisha","na-nitaimarisha","na-nitauweka-imara","na-wakaiweka","nitaimarisha","utaimarika","utaimarisha","wakati-ulipoimarishwa","zimarishe"]·TR["Ve-kurdular","Ve-sağlamlaştıracağım","Ve-sağlamlaştırdı","hazırladı-beni","hazırladı-onu","hazırlayan","kuracaksın","kuracığım","kuran","pekiştirirsin","sağlamlaştır","sağlamlaştırdığında","sağlamlaştırmak-için-onu","ve-sağlamlaştıracağım","yönlendirir"]·urd["اور-قائم-کیا","اور-میں-قائم-کروں-گا","اور-میں-مضبوط-کروں-گا","تُو-تیار-کرے-گا","جب-قائم-کی","قائم کیا-اُسے","قائم-کر","قائم-کرتا-ہے","قائم-کرتا-ہے-تُو","قائم-کرنے-والا","قائم-کرنے-کے-لیے-اسے","قائم-کروں-گا","قائم-کیا","قائم-کیا-مجھے"]
1 Sam 13:13, 2 Sam 5:12, 2 Sam 7:12, 2 Sam 7:13, 1 Kgs 2:24, 1 Chr 14:2, 1 Chr 17:11, 1 Chr 17:12, 1 Chr 22:10, 1 Chr 28:7, 2 Chr 12:1, 2 Chr 17:5 (+16 more)
4. establish, confirm (Piel) — The Piel intensive sense of confirming or founding firmly appears 24 times. Exodus 15:17 celebrates the mountain God has founded, 2 Samuel 7:24 describes God establishing Israel as His people. Arabic ثَبَّتَ (intensive 'make firm') and أَسَّسَ ('found, lay foundation') mark the deliberate, intensive act of establishing with emphasis on durability or foundational strength. 24×
AR["أَثْبَتَهَا","أَسَّسَتْ","أَسَّسْتَ","أَعَدَّ","ثَبَِتْ","ثَبَِتْهُ","ثَبَّتَ","ثَبَّتَها","ثَبَّتَهَا","وَ-أَثِّبِتْ","وَ-أَسَّسَنا","وَ-أَعَدَّهَا","وَ-يُؤَسِّسونَ","وَأَسَّستَ","وَتَهَيَّأْ","وَثَبَّتَكَ","يُثَبَِتُهَا","يُثَبِّتَ","يُثَبِّتُها"]·ben["-যিনি-এটি-প্রতিষ্ঠা-করেছেন","আর-গঠন-করেছিলেন-আমাদের","এবং-তারা-স্থাপন-করল","এবং-তিনি-এটিকে-প্রস্তুত-করেছেন","এবং-তুমি-স্থাপন-করেছ","এবং-প্রতিষ্ঠা-করেছেন-তোমাকে","এবং-স্থির-করো","ও-মনোযোগ-দাও","তাকে-স্থাপন-করবেন","তাকে-স্থাপন-করেছ।","তাকে-স্থির-করেছেন","তিনি-স্থাপন-করেছেন","তিনি-স্থাপন-করেন","তুমি-স্থাপন-করেছ","প্রতিষ্ঠা-করেছ","স্থাপন-করবেন-তাকে","স্থাপন-করেছে","স্থাপন-করো","স্থির-করলেন"]·DE["bereiten","du-gegründet","er-gegründet-es","er-hat-gegründet","establishing","gegründet-es","gruendete","gründen","gründen-es","haben-gegründet","und-bereitete","und-du-gruendete","und-gemacht-es-bereit","und-gruendete-du","und-gründen","und-sie-gegründet","wird-gründen-ihr"]·EN["He-establishes","You-established","and-establish","and-established-you","and-formed-us","and-made-it-ready","and-prepare","and-they-established","and-you-established","establish","establish-it","established","established-it","establishing","have-established","he-established-it","he-has-established","will-establish-her"]·FR["affermir","comme-affermir","et-affermir","et-tu-établit","et-établir","et-établir-nous","et-établit-tu","établir","établit"]·heb["ו-יכוננה","ו-יכוננו","ו-יכוננך","ו-כונן","ו-תכונן","יכונן","יכוננ-ה","יכוננה","כונן","כוננה","כוננהו","כוננו","כוננת","כוננתה"]·HI["उसने-स्थापित-किया-है","उसे-स्थापित-किया","और-उन्होंने-स्थापित-किया","और-तैयार-कर","और-तैयार-किया","और-रचा","और-स्थापित-किया-तुझे।","और-स्थिर-किया","तूने-स्थिर-किया","दृढ़-किया-उसे","परन्तु-स्थिर-कर","स्थापित-करे","स्थापित-करेगा-इसे","स्थापित-करेगा-उसे","स्थापित-किए","स्थिर-कर","स्थिर-कर-उसे","स्थिर-किया"]·ID["Engkau-menegakkan","Ia-menegakkan","Ia-meneguhkan","akan-meneguhkannya","dan-Engkau-menetapkan","dan-membentuk kami","dan-mempersiapkannya","dan-menegakkan-engkau","dan-mereka-mendirikan","dan-perhatikanlah","dan-teguhkanlah","didirikan","meneguhkan","menguatkannya","teguhkanlah","yang-menegakkannya"]·IT["e-stabili'","e-stabili-tu","e-stabilire","e-stabilire-nostro","e-tu-stabilì","stabili'","stabilire","stabilì"]·jav["Lan-Panjenengan-netepaken","Paduka-sampun-ngadegaken","Panjenenganipun-ngadegaken","Panjenenganipun-ngantepaken","badhé-nyantosakaken","dipun-dhasaraken","lan-mbentuk-kita","lan-nyamektakaken","lan-nyantosaken-panjenengan","lan-sami-ngedègaken","ngrukuhaken","nguataken","nyawisaken","saha-dipun-cecawis","saha-kukuhna","sampun-ndhasaraken-piyambakipun","sampun-ngadegaken","santosakéna"]·KO["견고히-하셨도다","굳게-하셨도다","굳히세우소서","굳히세우소서-그것-을","그리고-그가-세우셨다-그를","그리고-너를-세운","그리고-세우셨다","그리고-세우소서","그리고-세우었도다","그리고-준비하라","그리고-준비하시리로다","세우셨나이다","세우셨느니라-그것을","세우셨도다","세우시리라-그것-을","세우시리이다-그것-을","세우실-때까지","예비하셨도다"]·PT["E-estabeleceste","a-confirmaste","a-estabelecerá","a-estabeleceu","confirma","confirma-a","e-eles-fundam","e-formou-nos","e-o-preparou","e-prepara-te","e-te-estabeleceu","estabelecer","estabeleceram","estabeleceste","estabeleceu","firmaste","mas-estabeleças"]·RU["Он-утвердил","и-приготовил-его","и-приготовься","и-устраивают","и-устроил-нас","и-утверди","и-утвердил-Ты","и-утвердил-тебя","укреплял-его","утверди","утверди-его","утвердил","утвердил-Ты","утвердил-ее","утвердил-её","утвердили","утвердит-Он","утвердит-его","утвердит-её"]·ES["Y-estableciste","afirmó","confirma","confírmala","establecieron","estableciste","estableció","has-establecido","la-confirmaste","la-establecerá","la-estableció","que-establezca","y-establece","y-establecen","y-lo-preparó","y-nos-formó","y-prepárate","y-te-estableció"]·SW["akiimarisha","aliiimarisha","aliithibitisha","ameandaa","atakapoimarisha","atauidhihibitisha","atauimarisha","iimarishe","na-akakuweka","na-akatuumba","na-kuuandaa","na-uangalie","na-umewaimarisha","na-umwimarishe","na-wakaanzisha","uliuimarisha","umeimarisha","umeweka","zimeimarisha"]·TR["güçlendirdin-onu","kurana","kurdu","kurdular","kurdun","kurduy-onu","kurulacak-onu","pekiştirdi-onu","sağlamlaştır","sağlamlaştıracak","sağlamlaştırdı","ve-biçimlendirdi-bizi","ve-hazırladı-onu","ve-hazırlan","ve-kurdu-seni","ve-kurdular","ve-pekiştir","ve-sağlamlaştırdın"]·urd["اور-اُنہوں-نے-قائم-کیا","اور-تُو-نے-قائم-کیا","اور-تیار کیا ہمیں","اور-تیار-کر","اور-تیار-کی","اور-قائم-کر","اور-قائم-کیا-تجھے","اُس-نے-قائم-کیا","اُسے-قائم-کرنے-والا","اُسے-مضبوط-کیا","تُو-نے-قائم-کیا-اُسے","قائم-کر","قائم-کر-اُسے","قائم-کرے-گا-اُسے","قائم-کی-تُو-نے","قائم-کیا","قائم-کیں","قائم-کیے","وہ-قائم-کرے"]
6. right, certain, true (Nifal stative) — The Nifal participle meaning 'right, certain, true' appears 9 times in legal and epistemic contexts. Deuteronomy 13:14 commands investigation 'and if it is certain' that idolatry occurred, 1 Samuel 23:23 seeks 'certain knowledge' of David's location. Arabic صَوَابًا ('correctness'), يَقِين ('certainty'), and Korean 확실한 ('certain') distinguish this ethical-epistemic sense from physical firmness, showing a semantic extension from 'firmly established' to 'reliably true.' 9×
AR["اليَقينِ","ثابِتٌ","ثَابِتٌ","صَوَابًا","صِدْقٌ","يَقِينٍ"]·ben["ঠিক","নিশ্চিত","নিশ্চিতভাবে","সঠিক","সত্য"]·DE["Wahrheit","bereitete","certain","certainty","gruendete","rechts"]·EN["certain","certainty","established","right","sure","truth","what-is-right"]·FR["affermir","certain","certainty","droit","établi","établir","établit"]·heb["נכון","נכונה"]·HI["उचित-है","ठीक","निश्चित","सच्चाई","स्थिर"]·ID["benar","kebenaran","kepastian","pantas","pasti"]·IT["certain","certainty","destra","stabili","stabili'","stabilire"]·jav["ingkang-leres","leres","nyata","pasti","sampun-katetepaken","sayektos","titen"]·KO["올바른-것을","진실함-이","합당한","확실하니라","확실하다","확실한-것으로","확실히"]·PT["Nakhon","certa","certeza","certo","corretamente","correto","sinceridade"]·RU["верен","верно","истины","определённому-месту","подобает","точным"]·ES["certeza","cierto","es-correcto","preparada","rectamente","rectitud"]·SW["hakika","kwa-usahihi","kweli","ni-hakika","sawa","tayari"]·TR["doğru","doğruluk","doğruyu","kesin","kesinlikle"]·urd["سچ","سچائی","قائم","مناسب","یقینی","یقینی۔"]
7. be established (Pual/Hofal passive) — The Pual and Hofal passive forms (5 occurrences) express being established or prepared by another agent. Psalm 37:23 declares that the steps of a man are established by the LORD, Zechariah 5:11 describes a house being set up for the ephah. Arabic مُعَدّ ('prepared') and يُثَبَّتُ ('is made firm') confirm the passive voice where the subject receives the action of establishing or readying. 5×
AR["ثَبَتَتْ","مُثَبَّتَةٌ","وَ-يُثَبَّتُ","وَأُعِدَّ","وَيُثَبَّتُ"]·ben["এবং-প্রস্তুত-হবে","এবং-প্রস্তুত-হয়েছে","ও-স্থাপিত-হবে","স্থাপিত"]·DE["bereiten","sind-gegründet","und-bereiten","und-bereitete","und-der-so"]·EN["and-is-set-up","and-it-will-be-prepared","and-will-be-established","are-established","fastened"]·FR["[והכן]","[מוכנים]","comme-affermir","et-il-sera-établi","et-établir"]·heb["ו-הוכן","כוננו","מוכנים"]·HI["और-स्थापित-किया-गया-है","और-स्थापित-किया-जाएगा","और-स्थापित-होगा","दृढ़-किए-गए-हैं","लगाए-हुए"]·ID["Dan-ditegakkan","dan-disiapkan","dan-disiapkanlah","dipasang"]·IT["e-il-così","e-stabilire","stabili'","stabilire"]·jav["dipun-antepaken","kapasang","lan-dipun-cawisaken","lan-dipun-tegakaken","lan-kasamektaaken"]·KO["고정된","그리고-세울지도다","그리고-세워지리니","그리고-준비되면","정해지도다"]·PT["E-será-estabelecido","e-será-preparada","e-é-preparado","fixados","são-firmados"]·RU["и-будет-установлен","и-приготовлен","и-утвердится","устроенные","утверждаются"]·ES["Y-será-establecido","colocados","son-afirmados","y-preparado","y-será-preparada"]·SW["na-imeandaliwa","na-itakapokuwa-tayari","na-utaimarishwa","zilizowekwa","zinaandaliwa"]·TR["Ve-kurulacak","ve-hazırlanacak","ve-hazırlanınca","yerleştirilmiş","yönlendirilir"]·urd["اور-تیار-کیا-جائے-گا","اور-تیار-ہوگا","اور-قائم-ہوگا","قائم-کئے-جاتے-ہیں","لگے-ہوئے"]
8. direct, aim, set toward (Hifil/Piel) — Four occurrences show an extended sense of directing or aiming toward a target. Psalm 21:12 speaks of aiming arrows at enemies' faces, Jeremiah 10:23 declares that man's steps are not directed by himself. Arabic تُصَوِّبُ ('aim at') and Swahili kuelekeza ('direct toward') reveal a genuine semantic extension from establishment to orientation, where the verb governs direction rather than just firmness. 4×
AR["تُصَوِّبُ","تُعِدُّ","وَ-أَعِدَّ","وَيُثَبِّتُ"]·ben["আপনি-লক্ষ্য-করবেন","আর-স্থির-কর","ও-স্থির-করতে","তুমি-স্থির-করবে"]·DE["bereiten","du-aim","und-bereiten"]·EN["and-you-shall-set","to-direct","you-aim","you-shall-set"]·FR["[והכינתה]","[תכין]","affermir","et-établir"]·heb["ו-הכין","ו-הכינותה","תכונן","תכין"]·HI["और-तू-लगाएगा","और-दृढ़-करने-का","तू-लगाएगा","तैयार-करेगा-तू"]·ID["dan-hadapkanlah","dan-mengarahkan","engkau-akan-menghadapkan"]·IT["e-stabilire","stabili'","stabilire"]·jav["Panjenengan-ngarahaken","lan-ngatur","lan-panjenengan-nyiapaken","panjenengan-nyiapaken"]·KO["겨눅시리로다","그리고-인도하는-것이","그리고-향하게-하라","향하게-하라"]·PT["e-firmar","e-fixarás","fixarás","prepararás"]·RU["и-направишь","и-направлять","направишь","прицелишься"]·ES["afirmarás","apuntarás","y-afirmarás","y-dirigir"]·SW["kuelekeza","na-uelekeze","uelekeze","utalenga"]·TR["dikeceksin","hazırlarsın","ve-yönlendirmek","şehrin"]·urd["اور-سیدھا-کرے","تو-رکھ","تُو-تیار-کرے-گا","و-رکھ"]
9. be established (Hitpael reflexive) — The Hitpael reflexive-passive sense 'establish oneself' appears 3 times. Numbers 21:27 calls for Heshbon to be established (built up), Proverbs 24:3 describes a house being established through understanding, Isaiah 54:14 promises 'you will be established in righteousness.' Arabic يَسْتَعِدّ ('prepare oneself') and تُثَبَّتِينَ ('you [f.] will be made firm') mark the reflexive or self-directed nature of the action. 3×
AR["تُثَبَّتِينَ","وَ-لِتُثَبَّتَ","يَثْبُتُ"]·ben["এবং-প্রতিষ্ঠিত-হোক","তুমি-প্রতিষ্ঠিত-হবে","প্রতিষ্ঠিত-হয়"]·DE["bereiten","bereitete","und-gruendete"]·EN["and-established","it-is-established","you-will-be-established"]·FR["et-établit","établir"]·heb["ו-תכונן","יתכונן","תיכונני"]·HI["और-स्थापित-की-जाए","स्थापित-होगी","स्थिर-होता-है"]·ID["dan-biarlah-didirikan","diteguhkan","engkau-akan-ditegakkan"]·IT["e-stabili","stabilire"]·jav["dipunyektekaken","lan-dipun-kokohaken","panjenengan-badhé-dipuntetepaken"]·KO["굳게-세워지느니라","그리고-세워지게-하라","네가-세워지리라"]·PT["e-seja-estabelecida","serás-estabelecida","é-estabelecida"]·RU["и-да-будет-утверждён","утвердишься","утверждается"]·ES["es-establecida","serás-establecida","y-establecida"]·SW["huthbitishwa","na-uimarishwe","utasimamishwa"]·TR["kurulacaksin","kurulur","ve-sağlamlaştırılsın"]·urd["اور-قائم-ہو","قائم-کیا-جاتا-ہے","قائم-ہو-گی-تو"]
10. sense 10 — Joshua 3:17 and 4:3 describe the priests standing 'firm' on dry ground in the Jordan. The single-word gloss and context suggest this may belong with sense 2 (be established, stand firm) rather than forming a distinct cluster. The Nifal stative reading fits: the priests stood firmly in place. 2×
AR["الثّابِتَةِ","ثابِتينَ"]·ben["দৃঢ়ভাবে"]·DE["firm"]·EN["firm"]·FR["firm"]·heb["הכן"]·HI["दृढ़ता-से"]·ID["siap","teguh"]·IT["firm"]·jav["kukuh"]·KO["굳게","설-것이"]·PT["firme"]·RU["твёрдо","твёрдого"]·ES["firme","firmes"]·SW["imara"]·TR["sağlam"]·urd["مضبوط"]
11. Piel fitted, prepared (arrows) — Psalm 11:2 and Isaiah 51:13 describe fitting or preparing arrows on the bowstring, a specialized Piel sense for weapon preparation. Arabic أَعَدُّوا ('they prepared [weapons]') in military contexts confirms this as a technical extension of the preparation sense (sense 1), possibly warranting consolidation with that cluster or recognition as a distinct military register. 2×
AR["أَعَدُّوا","تَهَيَّأَ"]·ben["তারা-স্থাপন-করেছে","সে-প্রস্তুত-হয়"]·DE["bereiten","sie-haben-fitted"]·EN["he-prepares","they-have-fitted"]·FR["comme-affermir","établir"]·heb["כונן","כוננו"]·HI["उन्होंने-तैयार-किया","वह-तैयार-हुआ"]·ID["dia-bersiap","mereka-memasang"]·IT["stabili'","stabilire"]·jav["nyawisaken","piyambakipun-siyap"]·KO["준비하였는데","준비하였도다"]·PT["prepararam","se-preparava"]·RU["готовится","приготовили"]·ES["prepararon","se-preparó"]·SW["amejiandaa","wameweka"]·TR["hazirlandi","yerleştirdiler"]·urd["اُنہوں-نے-تیار-کیے","تیار-ہوتا-ہے"]
12. sense 12 — Ezekiel 16:7 uses a form glossed 'were formed' in the context of the body developing. The single occurrence and biological context ('your breasts were formed') may represent a specialized extension of sense 2 (be established) or sense 7 (be prepared passively). Further evidence would clarify whether this is a developmental or anatomical idiom. 1×
AR["نَهَدَا"]·ben["গঠিত-হল"]·DE["bereiten"]·EN["were-formed"]·FR["[נכנו]"]·heb["נכונו"]·HI["उभरे"]·ID["menjadi-tegap"]·IT["stabilire"]·jav["sampun-kukuh"]·KO["형성되었다"]·PT["ficaram-firmes"]·RU["утвердились"]·ES["se-formaron"]·SW["yalitokea"]·TR["süsler"]·urd["بنیں"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† I. [כּוּן218] vb. prob. be firm, only in der. conj. (NH Aramaic כּוּן, in der. conj., כִּיוֵּן arrange, direct; ܟܰܘܶܢ put right, correct; Assyrian kânu, be firm, right DlHWB 321; Arabic كَانَ (med. و) exist, occur, be; so Ethiopic ኮነ Sab. כון DHM ZMG 1875, 599, Ph. כון be (often));— Niph. Pf. (on 3 ms. v. Pt. infr.), 2 fs. נָכ֫וֹנָה 1 K 2:46; 3 pl. נָכ֫וֹנוּ Pr 19:29; נָכֹ֫נוּ Ez 16:7; Impf.…