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H3341 H3341
Conj-w | V-Hifil-ConjPerf-1cs  |  31× in 3 senses
To kindle, set on fire (Hifil); to be burned or kindled (Nifal); to catch fire, burn (Qal)
Yatsath is a verb of fire in all its biblical registers, from literal arson to divine wrath. Joshua's soldiers 'set fire' to Ai (Josh 8:8, 19), Absalom's servants 'set fire' to Joab's field (2 Sam 14:30), and the gates of Jerusalem 'were burned' in Nehemiah's grief (Neh 1:3). The prophets turn it into a metaphor of judgment: wickedness 'kindles' like brushfire (Isa 9:18) and God's wrath 'is kindled' against the people (2 Kgs 22:13, 17). The three stems divide neatly: Hifil for deliberate ignition, Nifal for the resulting state of being burned, and Qal for the intransitive process of catching fire.

Senses
1. kindle, set on fire (Hifil) The Hifil causative covers deliberate acts of setting fire. Joshua commands his troops to 'set the city on fire' (Josh 8:8), Absalom's servants ignite Joab's barley field (2 Sam 14:30), and God himself promises 'I will kindle a fire' in judgment (Jer 17:27). Spanish 'Y encenderé' and French 'allumer' consistently render the causative agency. 18×
NATURAL_WORLD Physical Events and States Burning and Fire
AR["(وَأَشعِلوها)", "[وَأَشعِلوها]", "أَشعَلَ", "أَشْعَلَ", "أُشْعِلَتْ", "تُشعِلونَ", "فَ-أُضْرِمُ", "فَأَشعَلَ", "فَـ-أَشْعَلُوا", "مُوقِدٌ", "وَ-أَشعَلوا", "وَ-أُشْعِلُ", "وَأَشْعَلَ-", "وَأُشْعِلُ", "وَأُضْرِمُ", "وَيُشْعِلُونَ"]·ben["(এবং-আগুন-লাগাও-তাতে)", "[এবং-আগুন-লাগাও-তাতে]", "আগুন-লাগানো-হয়েছে", "আগুন-লাগিয়েছে", "আর-জ্বালাব", "আর-জ্বালাবে", "এবং-আগুন-লাগাল", "এবং-আমি-আগুন-জ্বালাব", "এবং-আমি-জ্বালাব", "এবং-জ্বালাব", "এবং-জ্বালিয়ে-দিয়েছেন", "এবং-জ্বালিয়ে-দিল", "ও-আমি-জ্বালাব", "জ্বালাচ্ছি", "জ্বালিয়েছে", "তোমরা-জ্বালিয়ে-দেবে"]·DE["[and-setzte-es-auf-fire]", "[והצתי]", "[ויצת]", "anzuenden", "du-soll-setzen-auf-Feuer", "tat-setzte-auf-Feuer", "und-anzuenden", "und-setzen-Feuer", "und-setzen-auf-Feuer", "und-sie-setzte-auf-Feuer"]·EN["He-has-kindled", "[and-set-it-on-fire]", "and-He-kindled", "and-I-will-kindle", "and-set-fire", "and-set-it-on-fire", "and-set-on-fire", "and-they-set-on-fire", "and-they-will-set", "did-set-on-fire", "kindling-", "then-I-will-kindle", "they-set-on-fire", "you-shall-set-on-fire"]·FR["[and-plaça-cela-sur-fire]", "allumer", "et-allumer", "et-ils-plaça-sur-feu", "et-placer-feu", "et-placer-sur-feu", "et-plaça-cela-sur-feu", "fit-plaça-sur-feu", "tu-devra-placer-sur-feu"]·heb["(ו-הציתו-ה)", "[כתיב]", "היציתו", "הצית", "הציתו", "ו-הציתו", "ו-הצתי", "ו-יציתו", "ו-יצת", "מצית־", "תציתו"]·HI["[और-आग-लगाओ-उसमें]", "आग-लगाई", "आग-लगाओगे", "और-आग-लगाई", "और-आग-लगाओ-उसमें", "और-जला-दिया-", "और-जलाएंगे", "और-मैं-लगाऊंगा", "और-लगाऊँगा", "जला-दिए-गए-हैं", "जलाई-है", "जलाता-हूँ-", "तो-लगाऊँगा"]·ID["Dan-Aku-akan-menyalakan", "Dan-Aku-menyalakan", "Dia-menyalakan", "[dan-bakarlah]", "bakarlah", "dan-Aku-akan-menyalakan", "dan-Ia-menyalakan", "dan-akan-Kunyalakan", "dan-akan-menyulut", "dan-bakarlah", "dan-membakar", "dan-mereka-membakar", "maka-Aku-akan-menyalakan", "membakar", "menyalakan", "mereka-membakar"]·IT["[and-pose-esso-su-fire]", "accendere", "e-accendere", "e-essi-pose-su-fuoco", "e-porre-fuoco", "e-porre-su-fuoco", "e-pose-esso-su-fuoco", "fece-pose-su-fuoco", "tu-dovere-porre-su-fuoco"]·jav["(lan-obongana)", "Lan-ngobong", "[lan-obong-piyambakipun]", "dipun-obong", "lan-Aku-badhe-nyumedi", "lan-Ingsun-badhé-nyumed", "lan-Ingsun-ngobong", "lan-Kawula-sumet", "lan-Panjenengan-nyumet", "lan-ngobong", "latu", "ngobong", "nyumed-", "nyumet", "panjenengan-badhe-ngobong"]·KO["그러면-내가-놓을-것이다", "그리고-그-가-피웠네", "그리고-내가-놓으리라", "그리고-내가-불을-놓으리라", "그리고-불벙였다", "그리고-불살랐다", "그리고-불지르리라", "그리고-불태웠다", "그리고-붙붙이겠다-내가", "그리고-붙이겠다", "내가-붙인다-", "불로-", "불사르라-그것을", "불살랐느냐", "불을-붙였다", "불태우라", "불태웠다-그들이"]·PT["E-acenderei", "[e-ateai-fogo]", "acendendo-", "acendeu", "atearam-fogo", "e-acenderei", "e-acendeu", "e-ateai-fogo", "e-atearam-fogo", "e-atearão-fogo", "e-incendiaram", "foram-incendiadas", "incendiareis"]·RU["[кетив]", "И-разожгу", "Я", "зажёг", "и-зажгу", "и-зажёг", "и-подожгите-его", "и-подожгли", "и-подожгут", "подожгите", "подожгли", "подожжены", "то-зажгу"]·ES["(y-prended-fuego-a-ella)", "Y-encenderé", "[y-prended-fuego-a-ella]", "encendiendo", "encendió", "han-prendido-fuego", "prenderéis-fuego", "prendieron-fuego", "y-encenderé", "y-ha-encendido", "y-prenderán-fuego", "y-prendieron-fuego"]·SW["(na-mlichomeni)", "Na-nitawasha", "[na-mlichomeni]", "amewasha", "basi-nitawasha", "mtauchoma", "na-amewasha", "na-nitawasha", "na-wakachoma", "na-wakaitia-moto", "na-wakauchoma", "na-watauwasha-moto", "ninawasha", "wamechoma", "wamewasha-moto"]·TR["Ve-tutuşturacağım", "ateşe-verdiler", "tutuşturan", "tutuşturdu", "ve-ateşe-verdiler", "ve-ateşe-verecekler", "ve-ateşleyeceğim", "ve-tutuşturdu", "ve-yakacağım", "ve-yaktılar", "ve-yakın-onu", "yakacaksınız", "yaktılar"]·urd["[اور-آگ-لگاؤ]", "آگ-لگائی", "اور-آگ-لگاؤ", "اور-آگ-لگائی", "اور-آگ-لگائیں-گے", "اور-بھڑکاؤں-گا", "اور-بھڑکائی", "اور-لگاؤں-گا", "اور-لگاؤں-گا-میں", "اور-لگائی-آگ", "اور-میں-لگاؤں-گا", "بھڑکائی", "تو-بھڑکاؤں-گا", "جلا-دیے-گئے", "لگاؤ-گے", "لگاتا-ہوں-"]
2. be burned, be kindled (Nifal) The Nifal passive describes being burned or suffering the effects of fire. In 2 Kings 22:13, 17, Josiah learns that God's wrath 'is kindled' against Judah; Nehemiah mourns that Jerusalem's gates 'are burned' (Neh 1:3; 2:17). The shift from agent to patient is clear across translations, with Spanish using 'fue quemada/fueron quemadas' for the passive state.
NATURAL_WORLD Physical Events and States Burning and Fire
AR["[أُحْرِقَتْ]", "أُحْرِقَتْ", "اشْتَعَلَ", "اِحْتَرَقَتْ", "وَاشْتَعَلَ", "وَتُحْرَقُ"]·ben["এবং-জ্বলে-উঠেছে", "এবং-পোড়া-হবে", "জ্বলে-উঠেছে", "পুড়িয়ে-দেওয়া-হয়েছে", "পুড়ে-গেছে", "পোড়া-হয়েছে", "পোড়া-হল"]·DE["[נצתו]", "anzuenden", "kindled", "und-anzuenden", "und-kindled"]·EN["(are-burned)", "[are-burned]", "and-kindled", "and-shall-be-burned", "burned", "is-scorched", "kindled", "they-are-burned"]·FR["[נצתו]", "allumer", "et-allumer", "et-kindled", "kindled"]·heb["[נצתה]", "ו-ניצתה", "ו-נצתה", "ניצתה", "נצתה", "נצתו"]·HI["[केतीब]", "और-जलाई-जाएगी", "जला-दी-गई-है", "जलाए-गए", "जलाए-गए-हैं", "जली-है", "वे-जला-दी-गई-हैं", "वे-जली-है"]·ID["[dibakar]", "dan-menyalalah", "dan-terbakar", "dibakar", "menyala", "terbakar"]·IT["accendere", "bruciare", "e-accendere", "e-kindled", "kindled"]·jav["[K]", "kobong", "lan-dipunobong", "lan-piyambakipun-murub", "piyambakipun-murub", "piyambakipun-sami-kobong"]·KO["(불타다)", "[불타다]", "그것들이-타버렸다", "그리고-불타겠다-그것이", "그리고-타오르리라", "타버렸다", "타오르다", "황폐해졌는가"]·PT["[Q]", "acendeu-se", "e-acendeu-se", "e-será-incendiada", "estão-queimadas", "foi-queimada", "foram-queimados", "queimados"]·RU["(сожжены)", "[сожжены]", "возгорелась", "и-возгорелась", "и-сожжён", "сожжена", "сожжены"]·ES["[fueron-quemadas]", "fue-quemada", "fueron-quemadas", "fueron-quemados", "quemadas", "se-encendió", "y-se-encendió", "y-será-incendiada"]·SW["[ketiv]", "imechomwa", "imeteketezwa", "imewashwa", "na-imewashwa", "na-itachomwa", "yameteketezwa"]·TR["[ketiv]", "tutuştu", "ve-tutuşacak", "ve-yakılacak", "yakıldılar", "yakılmış", "yandı", "yandılar"]·urd["اور-بھڑکے-گا", "اور-جلا-دیا-جائے-گا", "بھڑکا-ہے", "جل-گئی", "جل-گئے", "جلا-دیے-گئے"]
3. burn, catch fire (Qal) The Qal intransitive describes fire catching or spreading without naming an external agent. Isaiah 9:18 envisions wickedness burning 'like fire' that kindles thickets, and Jeremiah 51:58 foresees Babylon's gates 'burning' with fire. The subject is the fire or the thing burning, not a person igniting it, which Spanish and German render as 'serán encendidas/anzuenden' with an impersonal feel.
NATURAL_WORLD Physical Events and States Burning and Fire
AR["تُحْرَقُ", "وَ-تَشْتَعِلُ", "يُحْرَقُ"]·ben["এবং-তা-প্রজ্বলিত-হয়েছে", "তাদেরকে-জ্বালানো-হবে", "তারা-পোড়া-হবে", "পোড়ানো-হবে"]·DE["anzuenden", "und-anzuenden"]·EN["and-it-kindles", "they-are-burned", "will-be-burned"]·FR["allumer", "et-allumer"]·heb["ו-תיצת", "ייצתו", "יצתו", "תצתנה"]·HI["और-भड़की", "जला-दिए-जाएँगे", "जला-दी-जाएंगी", "वे-जलेंगे"]·ID["akan-dibakar", "dan-menyala", "dibakar"]·IT["accendere", "e-accendere"]·jav["Lan-piyambakipun-murub", "badhé-kaobong", "dipunobong"]·KO["그리고-붙으니", "불태워지리라", "불태워지리라-그것들이", "타오르리라"]·PT["E-incendiar-se-á", "serão-incendiados", "serão-queimadas", "serão-queimados"]·RU["будут-сожжены", "и-возгорелась", "сгорят"]·ES["serán-encendidas", "serán-encendidos", "serán-quemadas", "y-se-enciende"]·SW["itateketezwa", "na-utawasha", "vitachomwa", "yatawashwa"]·TR["ve-atesledi", "yakılacak", "yakılacaklar", "yandirilacak"]·urd["اور-بھڑک-اُٹھی", "جلائی-جائیں-گی", "جلائے-جائیں-گے"]

Related Senses
H4325 1. water, waters (582×)H6965b 1. Qal: to rise, arise, get up (432×)H2091 1. gold (the metal) (389×)H0068 1. stone, rock (material/object) (267×)H5178a 1. bronze/copper as metal (131×)H6083 1. dust, dry earth, soil (108×)H8313 1. burn, set fire to (94×)H2734 1. anger was kindled (82×)G5204 1. water (80×)H2822 1. darkness, absence of light (80×)G5457 1. light (illumination) (71×)G0450 1. rise, stand up (physical) (69×)H6965b 2. Qal: to stand firm, endure, be valid (50×)H6999a 2. burn sacrifice on altar (Hifil) (45×)H5553 1. rock, cliff (physical feature) (43×)H6965b 4. Hifil: to establish, confirm (covenant/kingdom/word) (40×)H1197a 1. burn, be on fire (39×)H4306 1. rain, showers (38×)H1653 1. rain, precipitation (34×)G4655 1. darkness (30×)

BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [יָצַת] vb. kindle, burn (intr.) (NH id. (rare))— Qal Impf. 3 fs. וַתִּצַּת Is 9:17; יִצַּ֑תּוּ 33:12 Je 51:58 (Köi 431); 3 fpl. תִּצַּתְנָה Je 49:2;—kindle, intr., fig. of wickedness, Is 9:17; sq. בָּאֵשׁ be kindled with fire (= set on fire), of thorns (in sim.) 33:12, Je 49:2 (of dependent towns and villages of Rabbah, under fig. of daughters), 51:58 (of gates of Babylon). Niph. Pf. נִצְּתָה