יָדַע943 H3045
to know (cognitively, relationally, carnally); to perceive, understand, recognize, be acquainted with
A foundational verb spanning cognitive knowledge, personal relationship, and intimate experience. The core Qal sense covers knowing facts and perceiving truth, but the verb extends to relational knowing—being personally acquainted with someone—and even sexual intimacy, where 'he knew her' becomes the Hebrew euphemism for marital union. The causative stems (Hifil, Piel) mean 'to make known' or 'to inform,' while passive forms (Niphal, Pual) express being known or discovered. The reflexive Hitpael captures self-revelation: 'I will make myself known.' This single root weaves together mental perception, personal relationship, and bodily knowledge.
5. Qal: to know carnally (sexual intimacy) — Sexual intimacy: 'to know carnally.' Genesis 4:1 ('Adam knew Eve his wife') inaugurates this euphemistic use. Spanish 'conoció,' Swahili 'alijua,' and Korean '동침하다' (to sleep with) show how translators navigate this delicate sense—some preserving the euphemism, others opting for clarity. 12×
AR["تَعْرِفْ","عَرَفَ","عَرَفَت","وَ-عَرَفَ","يَعْرِفْ","يَعْرِفْنَ","يَعْرِفْهَا"]·ben["এবং-জানল","এবং-জানলেন","জানত","জানলেন","জানলেন-তাকে।","জানে","জেনেছে","তাকে-জানত","পুরুষ","সে-জানত"]·DE["er-wusste-ihr","erkannte","haben-gewusst","hatte-gewusst","hatte-sie-erkannt","und-erkannte","wusste"]·EN["And-knew","had-known","had-known-her","have-known","he-knew","he-knew-her","it-knew","knew"]·FR["Et-connut","avait-connu","avait-connu-sa","avoir-connu","connaître","connut","il-connut-sa"]·heb["ו-ידע","ידע","ידע-ה","ידעה"]·HI["और-जाना","जानता-था-उसे","जानती-थी","जानती-थीं","जानतीं-हैं","जाना","जाना-उसे","वह-जानता-था"]·ID["Dan-mengenal","dia-ketahui","ia-tahu","mengenal","mengenalnya"]·IT["And-conobbe","avere-conosciuto","aveva-conosciuto-suo","conobbe","conoscere","ebbe-conosciuto","egli-conobbe-lei"]·jav["lan-tepang","mangertos","mangertosi","pirsa","piyambakipun-ngertos","tepang","tepang-piyambakipun","wuninga"]·KO["그리고-알았다","알았다","알았다-그녀를","알았으며","알지-못하나니"]·PT["E-conheceu","conheceram","conheceu","conheceu-a","soube"]·RU["И-познал","знал","знал;","знали","познал","познал-её","познала"]·ES["Y-conoció","conocieron","conoció","la-conoció"]·SW["Na-akamjua","akamjua","alimjua","amemjua","hakujua","jua","kujua","mjua"]·TR["Ve-bildi","bildi","bildiler","bilmemişti","tanıdı-onu","tanımıştı"]·urd["اور-جانا","اُس-نے-جانا","جانا","جانا-تھا-اُسے","جانتا-تھا-اُسے","جانتی","جانتی-تھی","جانتی-تھیں"]
Gen 4:1, Gen 4:17, Gen 4:25, Gen 24:16, Num 31:18, Num 31:35, Judg 11:39, Judg 21:12, 1 Kgs 1:4, Job 20:20, Eccl 6:5, Isa 42:25
▼ 12 more senses below
Senses
1. Qal: to know, perceive, understand — The overwhelming majority sense: cognitive knowledge spanning facts, situations, and truth. Multilingual glosses converge on 'know' (English), 'conocer/saber' (Spanish), 'connaître/savoir' (French), 'erkennen/wissen' (German), revealing a universal semantic core. Exodus 7:5 ('the Egyptians shall know that I am the LORD') exemplifies recognition through divine action. 829×
AR["فَتَعْلَمُ","فَيَعْلَمُ","فَيَعْلَمُونَ","وَ-يَعلَمونَ","وَ-يَعْرِفُ","وَ-يَعْلَمونَ","وَ-يَعْلَمُ","وَ-يَعْلَمُونَ","وَتَعْلَمُ"]·ben["আর-জানবে","আর-তারা-জানবে","এবং-জানবে","এবং-জানবে-তারা","এবং-তারা-জানবে","ও-জানবে"]·DE["und-erkennen","und-sie-erkannten","und-sie-soll-wissen","und-wird-wissen"]·EN["And-shall-know","and-shall-know","and-they-shall-know","and-they-will-know","and-will-know"]·FR["et---connaître","et-connaître","et-ils---connaître","et-ils-sauront"]·heb["ו-ידעו"]·HI["और-जानेंगे","और-जानेगी","और-वे-जानें","और-वे-जानेंगे"]·ID["Dan-akan-mengetahui","Dan-akan-tahu","Dan-mengetahui","Dan-mereka-akan-mengetahui","Dan-mereka-akan-tahu","dan-akan-mengetahui","dan-akan-tahu","dan-mengetahui","dan-mereka-akan-mengetahui","dan-mereka-akan-tahu"]·IT["e-conobbero","e-conoscere","e-essi-shall-conoscere","e-will-conoscere"]·jav["Lan-badhé-pirsa","Lan-mangertos","Lan-sami-nguningani","Lan-sedaya-badhé-mangertos","Lan-tiyang-Mesir-badhe-mangertos","Lan-tiyang-tiyang-punika-mangertosi","Lan-tiyang-tiyang-punika-sumerep","bilih","lan-badhé-mangertos","lan-ngertos","lan-piyambakipun-sami-mangertos","lan-sami-badhe-mangertos","lan-tiyang-Mesir-badhe-mangertos","lan-tiyang-tiyang-punika-sumerep"]·KO["그리고-그들이-알게-될-것이다","그리고-그들이-알리라","그리고-알-것이다","그리고-알-것이다-그들이","그리고-알겠다-그들이","그리고-알리라"]·PT["E-conhecerão","E-saberão","e-saberá","e-saberão"]·RU["И-узнают","и-узнает","и-узнают"]·ES["Y-conocerán","Y-sabrá","Y-sabrán","y-sabrán"]·SW["Na-watajua","na-watajua"]·TR["Ve-bilecekler","onları","ve-bilecek","ve-bilecekler"]·urd["اور-جان-لیں-گے","اور-جان-لیں-گے-وہ","اور-جانیں","اور-جانیں-گے","اور-جانے-گی","اور-وہ-جانیں-گے","و-جانیں-گے","و-وہ-جانیں-گے"]
2. Qal: knower, one who knows (participle as substantive) — Qal active participle as substantive: 'one who knows,' 'knower,' or even 'acquaintance.' Genesis 3:5 uses this participially ('knowing good and evil'), while Psalm passages speak of 'my acquaintances.' The German 'er weiss' (he knows) and Spanish 'conocedor' (knower) confirm the participial-substantival shift. 29×
AR["عارِفينَ","عارِفٌ","عالِمٌ","عالِمٍ","عَارِفٍ","عَارِفَةٍ","عَارِفُو","عَارِفِي","عَارِفِينَ","وَ-مَعَارِفِي","وَ-مَعْروفينَ","يَا-عَارِفِي","يَعْرِفُ"]·ben["-মধ্যে-আমাদের","-যারা-জানে","এবং-আমার-পরিচিতরা","এবং-পরিচিত","জানছিল","জানা","জানে","জানে-যারা-","জ্ঞানী","জ্ঞানীরা","যারা-জানে"]·DE["er-weiss","erkennen","erkennend","kannte","und-gewusst","und-wusste","wissend","wusste"]·EN["and-known","and-my-acquaintances","and-my-close-friends","knowers-of","knowing","of-knowledge","one-who-knows","to-read","who-know"]·FR["connaître","et-connaître-moi","et-connu","knowing","sachant"]·heb["ו-ידועים","ו-יודעי","ו-מיודעי","ידע","יוֹדְעֵי","יודע","יודעי","יודעת"]·HI["और-जाने-हुए","और-मेरे-परिचित","जअनेवअल","जानती-है","जानने-वाला","जानने-वाले","जानने-वालो","जानने-वालों-को","जाननेवाला","जाननेवाली","जाननेवाले","जिसे-ज्ञान-था","जो-जअन्त-है"]·ID["dan-kenalanku","dan-orang-orang-yang-mengenalku","dan-terkenal","yang-berpengetahuan","yang-memahami","yang-mengenal","yang-mengetahui","yang-pandai","yang-tahu"]·IT["conobbe","conoscendo","conoscente","conoscere","e-conoscere-mio","e-conosciuto","knowing"]·jav["ingkang-mangertos","ingkang-mangertosi","ingkang-mangretos","ingkang-pirsa","ingkang-uninga","ingkang-wuninga","kang-mangertosi","kang-saged","lan-dipuntepangi","lan-ingkang-tepang-kaliyan-kawula","mangertosi","tiyang-ingkang-mangertos"]·KO["그리고-나를-아는-자들이","그리고-유명한","아는","아는-자","아는-자-가","아는-자들","아는-자들-의","아는-자들아","아는-자들이","아는-자들인","아는-자를","아는자가"]·PT["conhecedor-de","conhecedores-de","conhecendo","e-conhecidos","e-meus-conhecidos","e-meus-íntimos","o-que-conhece","que-conhece","que-conhecem","que-sabe","quem-saiba","sabendo"]·RU["знающего","знающему","знающие","знающий","знающих","знающую","и-знакомые-мои","и-знающие-меня","и-известных"]·ES["conoce","conocedor","conocedora-de","conocedores-de","el-que-sabe","que-conoce","que-sabe","que-sepa","quien-supiera","y-conocidos","y-mis-conocidos"]·SW["ajuaye","aliyejua","anayejua","anayemjua","kujua","mwenye-maarifa","na-marafiki-zangu","na-wanaonijua","waliojua","wanaojua","wanaomjua","wenye-kujua","wenye-ujuzi-wa"]·TR["bilen","bilene","bilenler","bilenleri-","bilgili","tanıyanlar","ve-tanıdıklarım","ve-tanınmış"]·urd["اور-جان پہچان-میرے","اور-جاننے-والے-میرے","اور-جانے-ہوئے","جاننے-والا","جاننے-والو","جاننے-والی","جاننے-والے"]
Gen 3:5, Gen 25:27, Num 24:16, Num 31:17, Deut 1:13, Deut 1:15, Judg 21:11, 1 Sam 10:11, 1 Sam 16:16, 1 Sam 16:18, 1 Sam 26:12, 1 Kgs 5:6 (+17 more)
3. Hifil: to make known, inform, declare — Hifil causative: 'to make known,' 'to inform,' 'to teach.' Genesis 41:39 has God making known to Joseph the dream's meaning. The Spanish 'dar a conocer' (to make known) and French 'faire connu' track the causative morphology precisely, showing cross-linguistic alignment in how Hebrew causatives map to Romance periphrastic structures. 29×
AR["أَخْبِرُونَا","أَعلِموا","أَعْلَمُوهُمْ","أَعْلِمُوا","أَعْلِمْني","أَعْلِمْنِي","أَعْلِمْهُمْ","أَنْ-أَعْلَمَكَ","أُعْلِمُكَ","تُخْبِرْ","تُعَرِّفُنِي","تُعَلِّمُنِي","عَرِّفُوا","عَرِّفْ","فَـ-عَلَّمَ","مَعْلُومَةٌ","وَ-تُعلِمونَ","وَ-تُعْلِمُهُمْ","وَ-يُعْلِنُ"]·ben["(জানা-যাওয়া)","-মধ্যে","আপনি-আমাকে-জানাবেন","আমাকে-জানান","এবং-জানবে","এবং-জানাও","এবং-জানাবে","এবং-সে-জানাল","জানাও","জানাও-আমাদের","জানাচ্ছি-তোমাকে","জানানো-হয়েছিল","জানাবে-আমাকে","জানিয়েছ","জানিয়েছেন-তিনি","তোমাকে-জানাব"]·DE["berichte-uns","du-habe-informed","erkennen","kannte","kundgetan-hat","und-du-soll-machen-gewusst","und-lehrte","und-machen-gewusst","und-wird-machen-gewusst","wird-mache-gewusst-zu-du","wusste"]·EN["You-make-me-know","and-make-known","and-taught","and-will-make-known","and-you-shall-make-known","has-made-known","made-known","make-known","make-known-to-me","making-known-to-you","tell-us","they-had-made-known","will-make-known-to-you","you-have-informed","you-make-known-to-me"]·FR["a-fit-connu","connaître","connaître-moi","et-enseigna","et-faire-connu","et-fera-faire-connu","et-tu-devra-faire-connu","fera-fais-connu-à-tu","le-connaître","raconte-nous","tu-ai-informed"]·heb["אודיע-ך","הודיעו","הודיעונו","הודיעני","הודע","הודעת","ו-הודיע","ו-הודעת","ו-הודעתם","ו-ידע","ידע","מודיעך","מודעת","תודיעני"]·HI["और-जानेगा","और-बता","और-बताना","और-सिखाया","जताएगा-मुझे","जताओ","जताता-हूँ-तुझे","जताया-है","जानने-दो","जाना-जाता-है","तू-दिखाएगा-मुझे","बता","बताई-गई-थीं","बताओ-हमें","बताया-तूने","मुझे-बता","मैन-बतओओनग-तुझे"]·ID["(diketahui)","Engkau-memberitahu-aku","akan-memberitahu-kepadamu","aku-memberitahumu","beritahukanlah","beritahukanlah-kepada-kami","beritahukanlah-kepadaku","dan-akan-mengetahui","dan-beritahukanlah","dan-dia-mengajar","diberitahukan","engkau-memberitahu","memberitahukan"]·IT["conobbe","conoscere","conoscere-mio","e-fara-fare-conosciuto","e-fare-conosciuto","e-insegnò","e-tu-dovere-fare-conosciuto","ha-fece-conosciuto","riferisci-noi","tu-avere-informed","vorrà-fa-conosciuto-a-tu"]·jav["(dipunmangertosi)","Mratélakaké","Panjenengan-nedahaken-kula","Wartakaken","badhé-nedahaken-panjenengan","ing-paningal","lan-Yéhuwah-badhe-maringi-pirsa","lan-mulang","lan-panjenengan-mratElakaken","lan-paring-pirsa","mangertosna","martosaken","mugi-maringi-pirsa-kawula","nedahaken","panjenengan-ngandika","paring-pirsa-kita","sami-dipunwartakaken","sami-maringakéna"]·KO["그리고-깨우쳤다","그리고-네가-알리라","그리고-알-것이다","그리고-알리라","내가-알리겠다-너에게","알게-하시리이다","알게하셨다","알려달라-우리에게","알려라","알려주소서","알려주었다","알리라","알리리라-너에게","알리셨나이다","알리시오-나에게"]·PT["(conhecida)","E-informareis","Far-me-ás-conhecer","e-dará-a-conhecer","e-farás-conhecer","e-fez-conhecer","farei-saber-te","faz-conhecer","faze-conhecer","faze-me-saber","fazei-conhecer","fazei-nos-saber","fazei-saber","fez-conhecer","fizeram-conhecer","fizeste-saber","me-farás-conhecer","te-fazendo-saber"]·RU["(извещена)","Ты-явишь-мне","возвести","возвестил-ты","возвещайте","дай-знать-мне","даю-знать-тебе","и-извещай","и-научил","и-сообщите","и-узнает","откроешь-мне","открыл","покажи-мне","покажу-тебе","скажите-нам","сообщили"]·ES["(conocido)","Haz-conocer","dad-a-conocer","e-hizo-conocer","haced-saber","hacednos-saber","hacer-conocer","haciéndote-saber","hazles-saber","hazme-saber","informaste","les-dieron-a-conocer","me-harás-conocer","te-haré-conocer","y-dará-a-conocer","y-harás-conocer","y-haréis-saber"]·SW["(ijulishwe)","Tangazeni","Utanijulisha","julikisheni","juu-ya","kukujulisha","mjulishe","na-akawafundisha","na-atajua","na-mtawajulisha","na-uwajulishe","niambie","nitakuambia","nitakujulisha","tangazeni","tuambieni","utanifundisha","wajulishe","waliwafahamisha"]·TR["bildir","bildir-bana","bildirdiler","bildirdin","bildireceksin-bana","bildireceğim-sana","bildirilsin","bildirin","bildirin-bize","bildirmesine","ve-bildirecek","ve-bildireceksiniz","ve-bildirir","ve-öğretti","öğreteceksin-bana"]·urd["اور-بتا","اور-بتاؤ","اور-جانےگا","اور-سکھایا","بتا","بتا-مجھے","بتاؤ","بتائیں-گئیں","بتاتا-ہوں-تجھے","بتایا-تو-نے","تجھے-بتاؤں-گا","تُو-دکھائے-گا-مجھے","جتا","جتاؤ","جتایا","سکھائے-گا-مجھے","مشہور-کرو","معلوم-ہے"]
Gen 41:39, Exod 18:16, Exod 18:20, Exod 33:13, Num 16:5, Deut 4:9, Josh 4:22, Judg 8:16, 1 Sam 6:2, 1 Sam 10:8, 1 Sam 14:12, 1 Sam 16:3 (+17 more)
4. Niphal: to be known, become known — Niphal passive: 'to be known,' 'to become known,' 'to be revealed.' Genesis 41:21 describes how the cows 'could not be known' (no se conocía) to have eaten the fat ones. Exodus 6:3 ('I made myself known') uses the reflexive nuance of Niphal. The passive voice glosses (French 'être connu,' German 'gewusst werden') confirm the passive morphology. 26×
AR["أُعْرَفْ","تُعْرَفُ","عَرَّفْتُ-نَفْسِي","عُرِفَ","ليُعْلَمْ","لِيُعْرَفْ","لِيُعْلَمَ","مَعْرُوفٌ","هَلْ-يُعْرَفُ","وَ-يُعْرَفُ","وَ-يُعْلَمُ","وَتُعْرَفُ","يُعلَمُ","يُعْرَفُ","يُعْرَفْ","يُعْلَمْ"]·ben["-এবং-জানা-যাবে","-এবং-পরিচিত-হবে","আমি-পরিচিত-হলাম","এবং-জানা-যাবে","জানা","জানা-গেল","জানা-যাক","জানা-যাবে","জানা-যাবে-কি","জানা-যায়","জানা-হোক","পরিচিত-হয়েছিলাম","পরিচিত-হোক"]·DE["er-weiss","erkennen","erkennend","ich-machte-gewusst","kannte","lass-es-sein-gewusst","lass-sein-gekannt","und-erkennen","und-es-soll-sein-gewusst","war-gewusst","wird-erkannt-werden","wird-es-sein-gewusst","wurde-erkannt","wusste"]·EN["I-made-known","I-made-myself-known","and-it-shall-be-known","and-shall-be-known","and-will-be-known","be-known","is-known","it-makes-itself-known","it-was-known","let-be-known","let-it-be-known","shows","was-known","will-be-found-out","will-be-known","will-it-be-known"]·FR["--cela-être-connu","--être-connu","Je-fit-connu","cela-était-connu","connaissant","connaître","et-cela-devra-être-connu","et-connaître","fut-connu","le-connaissant","que-cela-être-connu","être-connu"]·heb["ה-ייוודע","ו-נודע","ו-נודעה","ידע","יוודע","ייוודע","נודע","נודעתי","תיוודע"]·HI["और-जाना-जाएगा","और-मालूम-होगा","क्या-जाना-जाएगा","जाना-गया","जाना-गया-मैं","जाना-जाए","जाना-जाएगा","जाना-जाता-है","जानी-जाएगी","पत-चल","मैं-जाना-गया"]·ID["Aku-memperkenalkan-diri","Aku-nyatakan","Apakah-diketahui","Dan-akan-terkenal","akan-dikenal","akan-dikenallah","akan-diketahui","biarlah-diketahui","dan-akan-diketahui","dia-dikenal","diketahui"]·IT["conobbe","conoscente","conoscere","e-conoscere","e-esso-dovrà-essere-conosciuto","era-conosciuto","essere-conosciuto","esso-fu-conosciuto","io-fece-conosciuto","lascia-esso-essere-conosciuto","will-essere-conosciuto","will-esso-essere-conosciuto"]·jav["Aku-ndadosaken-dhiri-Kula-dipun-mangertosi","Kula-sampun-kawuningan","Lan-badhe-dipunmangertosi","Menapa-badhé-dipun-tepangi","badhe-kasumurupan","badhé-dipun-mangertosi","dadosa-dipunkenal","dipun-mangertosi","dipunmangertosi","katepangan","kawartosna","ketingal","konangan","lan-dipun-pirsa","mugi-dipunmangertosi"]·KO["그리고-알려질-것이다","나를-알렸다","내가-알려졌다","알려졌다","알려지게-하소서","알려지라","알려지리라","알려지리이까","알려지지-말라","알려지지-않았다","알려지지않았다","알려지지않을것이다","알려진다","알려질-것이다"]·PT["E-será-conhecida","Será-conhecido","dei-a-conhecer","e-será-conhecida","e-será-conhecido","foi-conhecido","me-dei-a-conhecer","se-conhece","seja-conhecido","seja-sabido","será-conhecida","será-conhecido","será-sabido","é-conhecida"]·RU["будет-известно","будет-признан","будет-узнан","было-заметно","было-известно","да-будет-известно","да-станет-известным","да-узнается","и-будет-известно","и-откроется","и-узнается","известен","неужели-будет-познано","обнаружен","обнаруживает","обнаруживается","открылся","открылся-Я","пусть-узнают","узнается"]·ES["Y-será-conocida","fue-descubierto","fui-conocido","me-di-a-conocer","se-conoce","se-conoció","se-da-a-conocer","se-supo","sea-conocida","sea-conocido","será-conocida","será-conocido","y-se-os-hará-saber","y-será-conocida","¿Acaso-será-conocida"]·SW["Ijulikane","Je-itajulikana","anajulikana","atajulikana","hakujulikana","ijulikane","ikajulikana","ilijulikana","inajulikana","itajulikana","kujulikana","na-ijulikane","na-itajulikana","na-utajulikana","nilijijulisha"]·TR["-me","Ve-bilinecek","anlaşıldı","bilinecek","bilinir","bilinir-mi","bilinir-oldu","biliniyordu","bilinsin","tanındım","ve-bilinecek"]·urd["اور-جانا-جائے-گا","اور-جانی-جائے-گی","اور-معلوم-ہو-گا","جانا-جائے","جانا-جائے-گا","جانا-گیا-میں","جانی-جاتی-ہے","ظاہر-ہوا","ظاہر-ہوتا-ہے","معلوم-ہو","معلوم-ہوا","معلوم-ہوگی","ہَ-کیا-جانا-جائے-گا"]
Gen 41:21, Gen 41:31, Exod 2:14, Exod 6:3, Exod 21:36, Exod 33:16, Lev 4:14, Judg 16:9, Ruth 3:3, Ruth 3:14, 1 Sam 6:3, 1 Sam 22:6 (+14 more)
6. Qal: to know a person, be acquainted with — Relational, experiential knowledge of persons: to recognize, be acquainted with, have intimate familiarity. Deuteronomy 34:10 speaks of Moses whom 'the LORD knew face to face.' This is not cognitive knowledge about someone, but personal knowing of someone—captured by the direct personal object construction. 10×
AR["عَرَفَهُ","عَرَفُوهَا","يَعْرِفُهُ","يَعْرِفُوهَا","يَعْرِفُوهُمْ","يَعْرِفْهُ"]·ben["জানত","জানতেন","জানে-তারা","তারা-জানত"]·DE["erkennen","kannte","sie-wusste","sie-wusste-ihnen","wusste","wusste-ihn"]·EN["knew","knew-him","they-knew","they-knew-them","they-know-them"]·FR["connaître","connut","connut-lui","ils-connut","ils-connut-eux"]·heb["ידעו","ידעוהו","ידעום","ידעון"]·HI["जानते-थे","जानते-थे-उनको","जानते-थे-उसे","जानते-थे-वे","जाना-था","वे-जानते-थे","वे-जानते-हैं-उन्हें"]·ID["dikenal","mengenal-dia","mereka-kenal","mereka-ketahui","mereka-mengenal"]·IT["conobbe","conobbe-lui","conoscere","essi-conobbe","essi-conobbe-loro"]·jav["dipun-kenal-déning","dipun-tepangi","lan-leluhur-nipun","mangertos","sami-sumerep","sumerep","tepang-kaliyan-piyambakipun","tepang-kaliyan-tiyang-punika"]·KO["그들이-알았다-그것들을","그들이-알았던","알았는니라-그를","알았다","알았다-그들은","알았다-그를","알지"]·PT["conheceram","conheceram,","conheceram-eles","conheciam","o-conheceu","os-conheceram"]·RU["-знали","знал","знали","знали-их","знали-они","познали-они"]·ES["conocieron","conocieron-lo","conoció","conocían","los-conocieron"]·SW["alimjua","ijua","jua","waijua","wakamjua","waliijua","walijua","waliyajua"]·TR["bildi-onu","bildiler","bilirler","tanıdılar","tanıdılar-onları"]·urd["جانتا-تھا","جانتے-تھے","جانتے-تھے-اُسے","جانتے-تھے-اُنہیں","وہ-جانتے","وہ-جانتے-تھے"]
7. Qal: infinitive absolute (emphatic surely/certainly) — Infinitive absolute used adverbially for emphasis: 'surely know,' 'certainly,' 'knowing full well.' 1 Samuel 20:3 has David swearing 'your father surely knows' (saber que sabe). The doubling of the root for intensification is a Semitic idiom reflected in the translations' emphatic phrasing. 8×
AR["اعْلَمْ","عَلِمًا","عِلْمًا"]·ben["জানতে","জানতেই","জানা","জেনে","জেনে-রাখ"]·DE["erkannte","wisse","wissend"]·EN["know","knowing","surely"]·FR["connaître","sachant","sais"]·heb["ידוע"]·HI["जअनकर","जअन्न-","जानकर","जानकर-","निश्चय"]·ID["ketahuilah","ketahuilah-","mengetahui","tahu"]·IT["conobbe","conoscendo","conosci"]·jav["mangertos","mangertos-","ngertos","pirsa"]·KO["반드시","알고-또-알라","알아라-","정말로","확실히"]·PT["sabendo","saber"]·RU["знать","зная"]·ES["saber","sabiendo"]·SW["hakika","kujua","ujue"]·TR["Bilmek-","bilmek","bilmek-","bilmeli","kesinlikle"]·urd["جان-لو","جانتے","جاننا","جاننا-ہی-","یقیناً"]
8. sense 8 — Sense unclear from glosses, appearing only in Leviticus 4:23, 28 with specialized cultic vocabulary ('it is made known,' 'fuere dado a conocer'). Likely a passive sense related to sin being revealed or brought to attention. 2×
AR["أُعْلِمَ"]·ben["জানানো-হয়"]·DE["es-ist-machte-gewusst"]·EN["it-is-made-known"]·FR["cela-est-fit-connu"]·heb["הודע"]·HI["जताया-जाए"]·ID["diberitahukan"]·IT["esso-e-fece-conosciuto"]·jav["dipunmangertosaken"]·KO["알려졌다"]·PT["for-informado"]·RU["станет-известно"]·ES["fuere-dado-a-conocer"]·SW["ikijulishwa"]·TR["bildirilirse"]·urd["بتایا-جائے"]
9. Piel: to cause to know, make to know — Piel intensive-causative: 'to cause to know,' appearing only in the ketiv/qere textual variants of Job 38:12. The Piel is rarer than Hifil for this semantic function, suggesting intensive or specialized causation. 2×
AR["(أَعْلَمْتَ)","[أَعْلَمْتَ]"]·ben["(তুমি-জানিয়েছ)","[তুমি-জানিয়েছ]"]·DE["wusste"]·EN["[have-you-caused-to-know]","have-you-caused-to-know"]·FR["connaître"]·heb["ידעתה"]·HI["(तूने-बताया)","[तूने-बताया]"]·ID["(engkau memberitahukan)","[engkau memberitahukan]"]·IT["conoscere"]·jav["(panjenengan-paring-ngertos)","[panjenengan-paring-ngertos]"]·KO["알릴-수-있었느냐"]·PT["(ketiv)","fizeste-conhecer"]·RU["[знал]","знал-ли"]·ES["(Q:hiciste-conocer)","[K:hiciste-conocer]"]·SW["[ulijua]","ulijua"]·TR["(ketib)","bildirdin-mi"]·urd["تو نے جانا"]
10. Hitpael: to make oneself known, reveal oneself — Hitpael reflexive: 'to make oneself known,' 'to reveal oneself.' Genesis 45:1 has Joseph making himself known to his brothers (Spanish 'darse a conocer'). Numbers 12:6 describes how the LORD makes himself known in visions—active self-disclosure, not passive being-known. 2×
AR["أَتَعَرَّفُ","عِنْدَ-أَنْ-عَرَّفَ"]·ben["জানাব","পরিচিত-করার-সময়ে"]·DE["als-sich-zu-erkennen-gab","ich-machen-myself-gewusst"]·EN["I-make-myself-known","when-made-known"]·FR["je-faire-myself-connu","quand-fit-connu"]·heb["ב-ידע","ידע"]·HI["जब-पहचान-दी","प्रकट-होता-हूं"]·ID["Aku-memperkenalkan-diri","ketika-menyatakan-diri"]·IT["io-fare-myself-conosciuto","quando-fece-conosciuto"]·jav["Kawula-nepangaken","nalika-nepangaken"]·KO["나-자신을-알린다","알릴-때"]·PT["Me-farei-conhecer","em-fazer-conhecer-se"]·RU["когда-открылся","открываюсь-Я"]·ES["al-darse-a-conocer","me-daré-a-conocer"]·SW["na","nitajifunua"]·TR["kendini-tanıtırken","tanınacak"]·urd["جب-ظاہر-ہوا","ظاہر-ہوتا-ہوں"]
11. Pual: acquaintance, known one (passive participle) — Pual intensive-passive participle as substantive: 'acquaintance,' 'kinsman,' 'close friend.' Ruth 2:1 introduces Boaz as a 'kinsman' (pariente) of Naomi. The passive participle used nominally indicates someone who is known, i.e., an acquaintance or relative. 2×
AR["[قَرِيبٌ]","وَمَعَارِفِهِ"]·ben["[পরিচিত]","এবং-তাঁর-পরিচিতদের"]·DE["und-sein-acquaintances","wusste"]·EN["[ketiv]","and-his-acquaintances"]·FR["[cétiv]","et-son-acquaintances"]·heb["[מידע]","ו-מיודעיו"]·HI["[परिचित]","उमयुद्दाआव"]·ID["[ketiv]","dan-kenalan-kenalannya"]·IT["[ketiv]","e-suo-acquaintances"]·jav["[sanak]","lan-para-mitranipun"]·KO["[친척이]","그리고-그의-친한-자들"]·PT["[conhecido]","e-seus-conhecidos"]·RU["[кетив]","и-знакомых-его"]·ES["[pariente]","y-conocidos-de-él"]·SW["[jamaa]","na-marafiki-wake"]·TR["[tanıdık]","ve-tanıdıklarını-onun"]·urd["اور-اُس-کے-جاننے-والوں","رشتہ-دار"]
12. sense 12 — Unclear sense, appearing once in 2 Samuel 19:35 where the elderly Barzillai asks 'Can I discern?' (Spanish 'acaso conozco'). Likely refers to perceptual discernment or ability to distinguish. 1×
AR["هَلْ-أَعْرِفُ"]·ben["কি-আমি-জানি"]·DE["kann-ich-discern"]·EN["can-I-discern"]·FR["peut-je-discerne"]·heb["ה-אדע"]·HI["क्या-जानता-हूँ"]·ID["apakah-aku-mengenal"]·IT["può-io-discern"]·jav["punapa-kula-bedakaken"]·KO["(의문)구별하리오"]·PT["discernirei"]·RU["различаю-ли"]·ES["acaso-conozco"]·SW["je-naweza-kutofautisha"]·TR["bilirim-mi"]·urd["کیا-میں-جانوں"]
13. sense 13 — Unclear sense, appearing once in 1 Samuel 21:3 where David says 'I have directed' (Spanish 'hice saber'). Possibly a causative sense of making known or giving instruction, but the context is ambiguous. 1×
AR["عَيَّنْتُ"]·ben["আমি-জানিয়েছি"]·DE["ich-habe-directed"]·EN["I-have-directed"]·FR["je-ai-directed"]·heb["יודעתי"]·HI["बतअय-मैने"]·ID["aku-telah-beritahu"]·IT["io-avere-directed"]·jav["kawula-sampun-ngandikani"]·KO["내가-알려주었다"]·PT["fiz-saber"]·RU["назначил-я"]·ES["hice-saber"]·SW["nimeafikiana"]·TR["bildirdim"]·urd["بتایا-میں-نے"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
יָדַע943 vb. know (NH id.; Aramaic יְדַע, ܝܺܕܰܥ Ph. ידע; Ethiopic አይድዐ ii. i. indicate, announce, narrate; Assyrian idû, know, COTGloss.; Sab. ידע, especially in cpd. n.pr. DHMZMG 1875, 612)— Qal Pf. יָדַע Gn 4:1 +; יָדָ֑ע Lv 5:1 +; sf. יְדָעוֹ Dt 34:10 Jb 28:7; יְדָעָהּ Gn 24:16 1 K 1:4; יְדָעָ֫נוּ Is 63:16; 3 fs. יָֽדְעָה Ju 11:39 + 4 times; 2 ms. יָדַ֫עְתָּ Gn 30:26 +; יָדַ֫עְתָּה 2 S 2:26;…