H2934 H2934
To hide or conceal in the ground or a secret place; to bury, embed; passively, to be hidden; substantively, hidden treasures.
Taman is a wonderfully physical verb — its core image is of hands pressing something down into earth, sand, or straw to conceal it from discovery. Unlike kachad (which hides information) or satar (which hides persons), taman almost always involves a tangible object buried or embedded in a material medium. Jacob buries the foreign gods under the oak at Shechem (Gen 35:4); Moses hides the Egyptian's body in the sand (Exod 2:12); Achan's stolen silver is found buried in his tent (Josh 7:21-22). The Psalms and Proverbs extend this into the language of traps: enemies 'hide' a net or snare for the righteous (Ps 35:7-8; 140:5). The Arabic cognate tamara ('to bury, hide') confirms the earthy, physical character of this word, and the Aramaic teman preserved the related sense of 'keeping safe, storing away.'
Senses
1. hide, conceal actively — Active concealment by hiding something in a physical location — the dominant sense at 18 occurrences. The subject deliberately places an object out of sight: Rahab hides the spies under flax stalks on the roof (Josh 2:6), the Arameans bury looted treasure in the field (2 Kgs 7:8), and the wicked hide snares and nets for the righteous (Ps 9:15; 31:4; 35:7; 140:5; 142:3). Jeremiah is told to hide his linen belt by the Euphrates (Jer 13:4-7). Spanish esconder and French cacher cover this well, though the Hebrew specifically implies physical embedding rather than merely putting out of sight. Job 31:33 uses the infinitive construct litmon to describe hiding transgressions 'in one's bosom' — extending the physical-concealment metaphor to guilt. 18×
AR["أَخْفاها","أَخْفَوْا","أَخْفَوْهَا","أَخْفَى-","أَنْ-تَخْفِيَهَا-","خَبَّأْتُهَا","طَمَرْتُهَا","لِ-إخفاءِ","لِ-إِخْفاءِ","وَ-اِخْفِهَا","وَ-خَبَّأْتُهَا","وَ-طَمَرَتهُما","وَأَخْفَوْها","وَاطْمُرْهَا"]·ben["আমি-লুকিয়েছি","এবং-তারা-লুকাল","এবং-লুকাও","এবং-লুকিয়ে-রাখলেন-তাদেরকে","ও-লুকিয়ে-রাখ-তাকে","ও-লুকিয়ে-রাখলাম-তাকে","তারা-লুকিয়েছে","পেতেছে","লুকাতে","লুকিয়ে-রাখতে","লুকিয়ে-রাখতে-","লুকিয়ে-রেখেছিলাম-আমি-তাকে","লুকিয়েছে","লুকিয়েছে-"]·DE["[לטמון]","er-hid","haben-verborgen","sie-hid","und-sie-verbarg","und-sie-verbarg-ihnen","und-verbergen","verbergen","von-hiding"]·EN["I-had-hidden-it","I-have-hidden","and-I-hid-it","and-hide-it","and-hide-them","and-she-hid-them","and-they-hid","have-hidden","he-hid","of-hiding","they-hid","to-hide","to-hide-it-"]·FR["cacher","et-cacher","et-elle-cacha-eux","et-ils-cacha","à-cacher"]·heb["ו-אטמנהו","ו-הסתירה אותם","ו-טמנהו","ו-טמנתם","ו-יטמנו","טמן","טמנו","טמנו-","טמנתי","טמנתיו","ל-טמון","ל-טמנו"]·HI["-छिपाने-के-लिए","उन्होंने-छिपाया","और-छिपा","और-छिपा-उसे","और-छिपाया-उन्हें","और-छिपाया-उसे-मैंने","छिपाए-हैं-उन्होंने","छिपाने-के-लिए","छिपाने-को-","छिपाया","छिपाया-उन्होंने","छिपाया-था-मैंने-उसे","छिपाया-है","वय्यत्मिनू"]·ID["Aku-tanam","Menyembunyikan-","aku-menyembunyikannya","dan-aku-menyembunyikannya","dan-menyembunyikan-mereka","dan-mereka-menyembunyikan","dan-sembunyikanlah","dan-tanamlah-mereka","mereka-menyembunyikan","mereka-sembunyikan","tentang-menyembunyikan","untuk-menyembunyikan","untuk-menyembunyikannya-"]·IT["e-ella-nascose-loro","e-essi-nascose","e-nascondere","nascondere","nascose","per-nascondere"]·jav["Ingsun-simpen","Sami-ndhelikaken-","dipun-singidaken","dipun-singitaken","kanggé-ndhelikaken","kanggé-pendhem-","kanggé-suku-kawula.","kula-pendhem","lan-kula-pendhem","lan-ndhelikaken","lan-ndhelikaken-tiyang-punika","lan-pendhem","lan-simpenana-piyambakipun","piyambakipun-singitaken","sami-ndhelikaken","supados-nyingidaken"]·KO["감추기-위하여-","그들-이-숨겼다","그리고-감춰라","그리고-내가-감쳤다","그리고-묻으라-그것들을","그리고-숨겼다","내가-감쳤다","묻었다-내가","숨겨-놓은","숨겨두었다","숨겼나이다","숨겼도다","숨기기-위해","숨기려고","숨긴"]·PT["Esconderam-","e-esconde-as","e-esconde-o","e-esconderam","e-escondeu-os","e-escondi-o","esconderam","escondeu","escondi","escondi-o","para-esconder"]·RU["и-спрятал-его","и-спрятала-их","и-спрятали","и-спрячь-его","и-спрячь-их","которую-скрыли","скрыли","спрятав","спрятал","спрятал-Я","спрятал-его","спрятали","спрятали-","спрятать-","ставить"]·ES["Escondieron-","esconder","escondieron","escondió","escondí","lo-escondí","para-esconder","y-escondieron","y-escóndelas","y-escóndelo","y-lo-escondí","y-los-ocultó"]·SW["aliuficha","kuficha","kuuficha-","na-akawaficha","na-nikauficha","na-uufiche","na-uyazike","na-wakavificha","niliuficha","nimeyazika","walinifichia","walioficha","wameficha","wamenifichia"]·TR["gizledi","gizlediler","gizlediler-","gizlediğim","gizlemek-için","gizlemeyi-","gömdüm","ve-gizle","ve-gizlediler","ve-gizledim","ve-göm-onları","ve-sakladı-onları"]·urd["اور-دبا-انہیں","اور-چھپا-اُسے","اور-چھپایا","اور-چھپایا-اُنہیں","اور-چھپایا-میں-نے-اُسے","اُنہوں-نے-چھپایا","دبایا-میں-نے","لَ-چُھپانے","چھپائے","چھپانے کے لیے","چھپانے-کو-","چھپایا","چھپایا-تھا-میں-نے"]
2. be hidden (stative) — Stative condition of being hidden — 5 occurrences using the Qal passive participle tamun/temunah to describe something already in a state of concealment. Job 3:16 likens himself to a 'hidden' stillborn; Job 18:10 warns that a rope is 'hidden' in the ground for the wicked; Job 20:26 declares that fire is 'stored up' (hidden) for the wicked's treasures. Spanish escondido and German verborgen both capture the resultative state. Josh 7:21-22 uses this form for the stolen goods 'hidden' in Achan's tent, discovered upon digging. 5×
AR["مَخْفِيٌّ","مَخْفِيَّةٌ","مَدفونَةٌ","مَدْفونٍ"]·ben["লুকানো","লুকায়িত"]·DE["[טמון]","es-war-verborgen","sind-verborgen"]·EN["are-hidden","hidden","is-hidden","it-was-hidden"]·FR["cacher","il-était-caché","sont-caché"]·heb["טמון","טמונה","טמונים"]·HI["गाड़ा-हुआ","छिपा-है","छिपाई-है","छिपी-थी","छिपे-हैं"]·ID["disimpan","tersembunyi"]·IT["esso-fu-nascosto","nascondere","sono-nascosto"]·jav["kapendhem","kasingidaken"]·KO["감춰졌나니","숨겨져-있다","숨겨져-있었다","숨겨진"]·PT["Escondida","escondida","escondido","escondidos"]·RU["скрыта","скрытый","спрятано","спрятаны"]·ES["Escondida","escondido","escondidos","está-escondida"]·SW["iliyofichwa","imefichwa","limefichwa","umefichwa","vimefichwa"]·TR["gizlenmiş","gizli"]·urd["دفن-ہوئے","چھپا ہوا ہے","چھپا-ہوا","چھپے-ہوئے"]
3. bury, embed in ground — Burial or embedding specifically in the earth or sand — 5 occurrences where the emphasis falls on the ground as the medium of concealment. Gen 35:4 has Jacob burying idols and earrings under the oak; Exod 2:12 has Moses burying the Egyptian in the sand. Job 40:13 commands 'bury them in the dust together,' and Prov 19:24 and 26:15 describe the sluggard who 'buries' his hand in the dish. The Arabic cognate tamara ('to bury') and French ensevelir both select burial-specific vocabulary here, distinguishing this from general hiding. The Proverbs usage is darkly humorous — the lazy man has literally 'buried' his hand in food and cannot be bothered to bring it back to his mouth. 5×
AR["اطْمِرْهُمْ","طَمَرَ","غَمَسَ","وَ-طَمَرَ-ها","وَ-طَمَرَهُ"]·ben["আর-গোপন-করল","ও-লুকাল-তাকে","তাদের-লুকিয়ে-রাখো","লুকিয়ে-রাখে","লুকিয়েছে"]·DE["[טמן]","[טמנם]","und-er-verbarg-ihn","und-vergrub"]·EN["and-buried","and-he-hid-him","buries","hide-them"]·FR["cacher","cacher-eux","et-ensevelit","et-il-cacha-lui"]·heb["ו-יטמן","ו-יטמנהו","טמונם","טמן"]·HI["उन्हें-छिपा","और-गाड़-दिया","और-छिपाया-उसे","छिपाता","डुबोता-है"]·ID["Menyembunyikan","Sembunyikanlah mereka","dan-menanam","dan-menyembunyikannya"]·IT["e-egli-nascose-lui","e-seppellì","nascondere","nascondere-loro"]·jav["Panjenengan-pendhem","lan-Yakub-mendhem","lan-ndhelikaken-piyambakipun","ndhelikaken"]·KO["그리고-묻었다","묻어라-그들을","숨기는니라","안에-그-모래에"]·PT["Esconde-os","Escondeu","e-enterrou-o","e-escondeu"]·RU["зарой-их","и-закопал","и-спрятал-его","прячет"]·ES["Entiérralos","Esconde","y-escondió","y-lo-escondió"]·SW["anazika","huficha","na-akamficha","wafiche","wamezika"]·TR["Göm-onları","gömer","ve-gömdü","ve-gömdü-onu"]·urd["اور-چھپایا-اُسے","اور-گاڑا","اُنہیں-دفنا","چھپاتا-ہے"]
4. hidden thing or place — Substantivized participle denoting hidden things or treasures — 2 occurrences where the passive participle functions as a noun. Deut 33:19 speaks of 'treasures hidden (temune) in the sand,' part of Moses' blessing on Zebulun and Issachar — possibly referring to glass-making materials or trade goods from the coastal sands. Job 40:13 uses batamon ('in the hidden place') for the realm of the dead. Spanish tesoros de and French tresors de both treat these as 'treasures of' constructions, confirming the nominal function. 2×
AR["دَفَائِنِ","فِي-الْمَخْفِيِّ."]·ben["-লুকানো-জায়গায়","গুপ্ত"]·DE["[בטמון]","treasures-von"]·EN["in-the-hidden-place","treasures-of"]·FR["cacher","treasures-de"]·heb["ב-טמון","טמוני"]·HI["गुप्त","गुप्त-स्थान-में"]·ID["di-tempat tersembunyi","yang-terpendam"]·IT["nel-nascondere","treasures-di"]·jav["ingkang-kadhelikaken","wonten-ing-panggenan-ingkang-kasidhem."]·KO["숨겨진-곳-에","숨겼진-것들(접)"]·PT["no-escondido.","tesouros-de"]·RU["в-сокрытом","сокровища"]·ES["en-lo-oculto","escondidos-de"]·SW["katika-mahali-pa-siri","zilizofichwa"]·TR["gizli-yerde","saklı"]·urd["دبے-ہوئے","پوشیدگی-میں"]
5. hide oneself (reflexive) — Reflexive self-concealment in the Nifal — a single occurrence at Isa 2:10 where the imperative commands people to 'hide yourself' in the rock from the terror of the LORD. Spanish escondete and French se cacher both use reflexive forms. This sole Nifal occurrence is syntactically distinct from the Qal active (sense 1) because the subject is both agent and patient — one hides oneself rather than hiding an object. 1×
AR["وَ-اختَبِئ"]·ben["ও-লুকিয়ে-থাকো"]·DE["und-verbergen"]·EN["and-hide"]·FR["et-cacher"]·heb["ו-היטמן"]·HI["और-छिप-जा"]·ID["dan-bersembunyilah"]·IT["e-nascondere"]·jav["lan-ndhelik"]·KO["숨으라"]·PT["e-esconde-te"]·RU["и-скройся"]·ES["y-escóndete"]·SW["na-ujifiche"]·TR["ve-saklan"]·urd["اور-چھپ-جا"]
Related Senses
H5921a 1. upon, on, over (spatial) (5443×)H0413 1. directional: to, toward (5366×)H1121a 1. son, male offspring, descendant (4914×)H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)H4428 1. king, human ruler (2518×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)H6440 1. before, in front of (spatial) (1870×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H3027 1. physical hand (body part) (1596×)H1697 1. word, speech, utterance (1235×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)H3045 1. Qal: to know, perceive, understand (829×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† טָמַן vb. hide, conceal, especially in earth (NH id.; whence perhaps Aramaic טְמַן keep, preserve; cf. Arabic طَمَرَ bury, hide (loan-word Frä 137); Aramaic ܛܡܰܪ, טְמַר id.);— Qal Pf. טָמַן ψ 35:8 + 2 times etc.; Impf. וַיִּטְמֹן Gn 35:4, etc.; Imv. sf. טָמְנֵהוּ Je 13:4; טָמְנֵם Jb 40:13; Inf. cstr. לִטְמוֹן Jb 31:33 ψ 64:6; Pt. pass. טָמוּן Jb 3:16 + 3 times; טְמוּנָה Jos 7:22; pl. טְמֻנִים…