H2098 H2098
This; which, who — an archaic poetic pronoun serving as both demonstrative and relative
An indeclinable archaic pronoun found almost exclusively in poetry, especially the Psalms and the Song of the Sea (Exod 15). As a demonstrative it means 'this' (Hab 1:11 'this his strength'; Ps 62:11 'these two things I have heard'). As a relative pronoun it parallels the more common אֲשֶׁר, introducing clauses like 'the people which you redeemed' (Exod 15:13, 16) and 'against whom we sinned' (Isa 42:24). Its haunting, elevated register gives passages an archaic solemnity that later Hebrew reserved for liturgical and prophetic contexts.
Senses
1. this, which, who (archaic demonstrative/relative pronoun) — An archaic, indeclinable pronoun functioning both demonstratively ('this') and relatively ('which, who, whom') in poetic and liturgical Hebrew. As a demonstrative: Hab 1:11 'this his strength', Ps 62:11 'these two things'. As a relative: Exod 15:13 'the people which you redeemed', Isa 42:24 'against whom we sinned', Ps 9:15 'the net which they hid'. Cross-lingual evidence reflects this duality — spa 'esta/contra quien', fra 'ce/ceci', deu 'dies/der' — confirming the single pronoun's two syntactic roles. 15×
AR["الَّتِي", "الَّذِي", "الَّذِينَ", "ذلِكَ-الَّذي", "هذا", "هَذَا", "هَذِهِ", "هٰذَا", "هٰذِهِ"]·ben["এই", "এই-", "এটা"]·DE["[זו]", "der", "dies", "dieser", "welcher"]·EN["He-against-whom", "this", "which", "who"]·FR["[זו]", "ce", "ceci"]·heb["זו"]·HI["इन", "इस", "जिस", "जिसके-विरुद्ध", "जो", "यह", "ये"]·ID["ini", "yang"]·IT["[זו]", "questo"]·jav["ingkang", "punika"]·KO["그에게", "이", "이것", "이것-은", "이것-을", "이들-이"]·PT["aquilo-que", "esta", "este", "isto", "que"]·RU["которым", "сего", "то-что", "этих", "это", "этой", "этом", "этот", "эту"]·ES["contra-quien", "esta", "este", "esto", "esto-que", "estos", "que"]·SW["ambaye", "hawa", "hii", "hiki", "hizo", "huu"]·TR["bu", "bunu"]·urd["اس", "اُن", "اِس", "جو", "یہ", "یہ-وہ-ہے"]
Related Senses
G3588 1. definite article (18298×)H0853 1. definite direct object marker (10915×)G2532 1. (8312×)H3068 1. YHWH (the divine name) (6522×)H0834a 1. relative pronoun (who/which/that) (4839×)H3588a 1. causal: because, for (3498×)G1161 1. and (2806×)H3478 1. Israel (proper name and nation) (2507×)G4771 1. you (plural address) (1853×)H1931 1. personal pronoun he/she/it (1431×)G3739 1. relative pronoun who/which/that (1149×)H1732 1. David (proper name) (1075×)H2088 1. this, this one (demonstrative) (1059×)G1063 1. (1047×)G3778 1. this thing, these things (1003×)H???? 2. (1002×)G2424 1. (924×)G3754 1. that (content clause) (881×)H2009 1. presentative particle: behold, look (881×)H0589 1. I (first person singular pronoun) (874×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† זוּ pron. (poet.), indeclinable. 1. a demonstr. Hb 1:11 זוּ כֹחוֹ this his strength, ψ 12:8 מִן־הַדּוֹר זוּ (unusual, for הַזֶּה), 62:12 שְׁתַּיִם־זוּ שָׁמַעְתִּי these two things &c. (but better (WickesPoet. Acc. 64) שְׁ֖תֵּיִם ז֣וּ two things (are there) which &c.: v. 2). 2. a relative, Ex 15:13 עַם־זוּ גָאָ֑לְתָּ the people which thou hast redeemed, v 16 Is 42:24 זוּ חָטָאנוּ לוֹ against…