Dan (meaning 'judge') functions as a proper noun across three referential layers: the person, the tribe, and the place. As a personal name it designates the son born to Jacob through Rachel's maidservant Bilhah, who named him Dan because 'God has judged me' (Gen 30:6). As a tribal name it identifies the Danites and their allotted territory (Josh 19:40-48; Judg 18). As a toponym it marks the city at Israel's northern extremity, yielding the merism 'from Dan to Beersheba' (Judg 20:1; 1 Sam 3:20) -- the standard idiom for the entire land. Across its 70 occurrences every target language retains the name unchanged: Dan in Spanish, French, German, and English alike.