דִּי H1768
relative pronoun (who/which/that); complementizer (that/so-that); genitive marker (of/belonging to); causal conjunction (because/for); temporal conjunction (when/as); locative relative (where)
Senses
1. relative pronoun (who/which/that) — The basic relative pronoun function of Aramaic di, introducing relative clauses ('the king who...', 'the house which...'); identified across languages by Arabic الَّذِي/الَّتِي, Swahili amba- class concords (ambayo, ambao, ambaye), Hindi जो/जिसे/जिसकी, Korean 그/곧, Spanish que/quien. Includes waw-conjunctive forms (and-who, and-which) and oblique cases (whom, whose). 203×
AR["أَنَّ","الَّتِي","الَّذِي","الَّذِين","الَّذِينَ","حِينَ"]·ben["যখন","যা","যাদের","যারা","যে"]·DE["welcher"]·EN["of","that","when","which","who"]·FR["qui"]·heb["די"]·HI["के","क्योंकि","जब","जिन्हें","जो","जो-थे"]·ID["yang"]·IT["che"]·jav["Artahsasta","Babel","dhateng-padaleman","ing-Samaria","kang","kang-leluhur-panjenengan","lan-Yerusalem","lan-perak","lan-sanes","minggah","ngentunaken","para-rama-kawula","para-tiyang","saking-padaleman","salinan"]·KO["그"]·PT["de","que"]·RU["которое","которые","который","которых","того-как","что-"]·ES["de","que","que-en-"]·SW["-","ambalo","ambao","ambavyo","ambayo","cha","vya","wa","ya"]·TR["ki"]·urd["جن-کو","جو"]
2. complementizer (that/so-that) — The subordinating conjunction function introducing content clauses and purpose clauses ('he said that...', 'so that...'); distinguished from the relative pronoun by Arabic أَنَّ/أَنْ (not الَّذِي), Hindi कि (not जो), Swahili kwamba (not amba-), Spanish que/para que. This is a genuinely different syntactic-semantic function from the relative pronoun. 75×
AR["أَنَّ","أَنَّهُ","أَنْ"]·ben["যে","যেন"]·DE["welcher"]·EN["so-that","that"]·FR["de","qui"]·heb["די","ש"]·HI["और-जबकि","कि"]·ID["agar","bahwa"]·IT["che"]·jav["Bilih","bilih","kang","kang-kutha","kang-para-Yahudi","menawi","supados"]·KO["그","이는"]·PT["para-que","que"]·RU["того-что","что","чтобы"]·ES["para-que","que"]·SW["ili","kutoka","kwamba","wakati"]·TR["ki"]·urd["تاکہ","کہ"]
3. genitive marker (of/belonging to) — The genitive or possessive marker function, equivalent to Hebrew construct state, marking possession or attribution ('the God of heaven', 'the vessels of the house'); identified by English 'of', Hindi के/की/का (postpositions), Korean 의 (genitive particle), Swahili wa/ya (possessive concords), Spanish de. 52×
AR["الَّتِي","الَّتِي-","الَّذِي","الَّذِي-","مِنْ-"]·ben["যা","যা-","যে","যে-"]·DE["welcher"]·EN["of","of-","that"]·FR["de"]·heb["ש","של"]·HI["का","की","के"]·ID["dari","malam","milik"]·IT["che"]·jav["ingkang-saking","saking","saking-"]·KO["의","의-","이는","이는-"]·PT["de","que-de"]·RU["из-","которая-","которая-из-","которое-","которое-из-","которые","которые-","которые-из-","который","который-"]·ES["de"]·SW["cha","kilikuwa-cha","la","ni","wa","ya","ya-","za"]·TR["ki","ki-"]·urd["جو"]
4. causal conjunction (because/for) — The causal conjunction function introducing reason clauses ('because...', 'for...' ); clearly distinguished by Arabic لِأَنَّ (because), Hindi क्योंकि, Spanish porque/puesto que, Swahili kwa sababu/kwa kuwa — all dedicated causal vocabulary entirely different from the relative or complementizer translations. 10×
AR["الَّذِي","لِأَنَّ","لِأَنَّهُ","لِأَنَّهُ-","لِأَنِّي"]·ben["কারণ","যাকে","যার","যিনি-","যে","যেহেতু"]·DE["welcher"]·EN["because","for","for-","that"]·FR["de"]·heb["ש","ש-"]·HI["क्योंकि","जिसे"]·ID["Karena","karena","yang"]·IT["che"]·jav["Amargi-","amargi","amargi-","bilih"]·KO["곧-","이는"]·PT["porque","porque-"]·RU["ибо","которому","который","потому-что","потому-что-","что"]·ES["a-quien","porque","puesto-que"]·SW["ambaye","kwa-kuwa","kwa-kuwa-","kwa-maana","kwa-sababu"]·TR["ki","ki-","çünkü"]·urd["کہ","کیونکہ"]
5. temporal conjunction (when/as) — The temporal conjunction function, typically as כְּדִי (ke-di, 'when, as'), introducing temporal clauses; identified by Arabic عِنْدَمَا (when), Hindi जब/जैसे (when/as), Spanish cuando/como, Swahili wakati (time), Korean 같이 이다 (as/like). Includes waw-prefixed form (and-when). 5×
AR["عِنْدَمَا","كَـ-الَّذِي","وَ-لَمَّا"]·ben["এবং-যখন","যখন","যেভাবে"]·DE["damit","und-damit"]·EN["and-when","as","when"]·FR["comme-de","et-qui"]·heb["ו-כ-ש-","כ-ש","כ-ש-"]·HI["और-जब","जब","जैसे"]·ID["Dan-ketika","bahwa","ketika"]·IT["affinché","e-affinché"]·jav["Lan-nalika","kados","nalika"]·KO["같이-이다","곧-","그리고-곧-"]·PT["E-quando","quando","que"]·RU["и-когда","как","когда"]·ES["como","cuando","y-cuando"]·SW["Na-wakati","kama-vile","wakati"]·TR["ki","ne-zaman","ne-zaman-ki","ve-ne-zaman"]·urd["اور-جب","جب","جیسے"]
6. locative relative (where) — The locative relative function meaning 'where', introducing place clauses; identified by Hindi जहाँ (where), Swahili ambapo (where-class locative), Spanish donde — all specialized locative vocabulary distinct from the general relative pronoun translations. 2×
AR["الَّذِي","حَيْثُ-"]·ben["যেখানে","যেখানে-"]·DE["welcher"]·EN["where"]·FR["qui"]·heb["די"]·HI["जहाँ"]·ID["yang"]·IT["che"]·jav["kang","kang-"]·KO["그","그-"]·PT["onde","onde-"]·RU["где","где-"]·ES["donde","que"]·SW["ambapo"]·TR["ki","ki-"]·urd["جہاں","جہاں-"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
דִּי part. of relation who, which, that, used also as mark of gen. and conj. that, because (Aramaic of Nineveh, Bab. Zinj. Nerab, Cilicia, Têma, Egypt, זִי (Lzb 267, 446 RÉS 361 S-CPap. A 2 +); Nab. Palm. די; 𝔗 דְּ (except in cpds., as דִּילִי mine, דִּילֵיהּ his); Sam. ࠃ; Syriac ܕ; Ethiopic ዘ za: of same origin as Arabic ذُو possessor of [cf.sub BH זֶה]. Properly a demonstr. that [cf.זֶה; in…