H1767 H1767
Sufficiency, enough; in prepositional idioms: 'as often as, whenever' (מִדֵּי); 'according to, proportionate to' (כְּדֵי); 'like, as.'
The Hebrew noun day (דַּי) begins simply enough — 'sufficiency, enough' — but its prepositional partnerships unlock a surprising range of meaning. With the preposition מִן it becomes מִדֵּי, a temporal idiom meaning 'as often as, whenever,' seen in the annual pilgrimages of Hannah (1 Sam 1:7) and Samuel's circuit-riding (1 Sam 7:16). With כְּ it becomes כְּדֵי, 'according to, in proportion to' (Deut 25:2) or even 'like, as' (Judg 6:5). Malachi 3:10 captures the pure sense magnificently: God will pour out blessing 'until there is not enough' — that is, until his inexhaustible abundance overwhelms every measure. German genug and Spanish suficiente track the core meaning, while French assez and Hindi काफ़ी confirm the universal clarity of the concept.
4. like, as — The comparative use of כְּדֵי meaning 'like, as, similar to' — attested only once, in Judges 6:5, where the Midianites came 'like locusts for multitude.' Spanish como, French comme, and Hindi जैसे all render straightforward comparison. This is the furthest semantic stretch from the root notion of sufficiency, arriving at simple similitude — perhaps via the bridge of proportionality ('to the degree of'). 1×
AR["كَ-كَثْرَةِ-"]·ben["মত-"]·DE["wie-"]·EN["like-"]·FR["comme-"]·heb["כ-די"]·HI["जैसे"]·ID["seperti"]·IT["come-"]·jav["kados"]·KO["같이"]·PT["como-"]·RU["как-"]·ES["como"]·SW["kama-"]·TR["de-çokluğu-gibi-"]·urd["جیسا"]
▼ 3 more senses below
Senses
1. sufficiency, enough — The core nominal sense: sufficiency, enough, what is adequate for a need. Appears across diverse constructions — absolute (Mal 3:10, 'until there is no more sufficiency,' i.e., endlessly), with pronominal suffixes (דַּיָּם 'enough for them'), and with genitive complements (Exod 36:7, 'more than enough for the work'). German genug, Spanish suficiente/baste, and French assez all converge on this basic meaning. Leviticus uses it repeatedly for what the offerer 'can afford' (Lev 5:7, 12:8, 25:26). 22×
amh["በቂያቸውን"]·AR["-كفايتهم","أَكثَرَ-مِنَ-","بِما-يَكفي","كافياً-لَهُم","كَافِيًا","كِفايَتَكَ","كِفَايَةَ","كِفَايَتَهُمْ","لِ-","وَ-كَ-كِفَايَةٍ","وَ-كِفايَةُ"]·ben["এবং-যথেষ্ট","ও-যথেষ্ট","জন্য-","তাদের-যথেষ্ট","তোমার-যথেষ্ট","যথেষ্ট","যথেষ্ট-","যথেষ্ট-তাদের","যথেষ্ট-তাদের-জন্য","যথেষ্টের-চেয়ে","হয়"]·ces["jen-svůj-díl"]·dan["nok-for-dem?"]·DE["genug","genug-fuer","genug-fuer-ihnen","mehr-als-genug","nur-ihr-Genüge","sufficiency-von","und-genug"]·ell["αρκετά-αυτούς;"]·EN["and-enough","are-enough","enough","enough-for","enough-for-them","for-","is-enough","more-than-enough","only-for-","sufficiency","sufficiency-of","their-enough","your-sufficiency"]·FR["[בדי]","[וכדי]","assez","assez-pour","assez-pour-eux","de","et-suffisance","leur-suffisance?","plus-que-assez","sufficiency-de","ton-suffisance-toi"]·guj["પૂરતું-તેમને?"]·hat["ase"]·hau["isa-musu"]·heb["ב-די","ב-די-","די","דייך","דיים","דים","ו-די","ו-כ-די","כ-די","מ-די"]·HI["और-ऐसे-बहुत-होगी","और-पर्याप्त","काफी-उनके-लिए","के-लिए-","जरूरत-से-अधिक","जितना","पर्याप्त","पर्याप्त-","पर्याप्त-अपने","पर्याप्त-तक","पर्याप्त-मात्रा","या"]·hun["elégüket"]·ID["Dan-cukup","cukup","cukup-bagi-mereka","cukup-untuk","dan-cukup","kecukupan-mereka","lebih-dari-cukup","secukupmu","secukupnya","untuk-","untuk-cukup-","untuk-mengembalikan","untuk-penebusannya"]·IT["[וכדי]","abbastanza","abbastanza-per","abbastanza-per-loro","che","e-e-enough","fino-a","più-di-abbastanza","quanto-basta-loro","sufficiency-di","tuo-sufficiency-tuo"]·jav["cekap","cekap-kangge","cekap-kanggéipun","kangge","kanggé-","kanggé-tanpa-gina-","lan-cekap","langkung-saking","punika","sacukupipun"]·JA["十分なだけ"]·KO["그들에게-충분한","그리고-충분하다","그리고-충분한","넉넉히","에-불-에","에-헛된-것-에","에게-족함","위하여-헛-것을","자기들의-분량만큼만","충분한","충분한-것만","충분한-것보다","충분한-것을","충분함이","충분히","충분히-너-에게"]·mar["पुरेसे?"]·mya["သူတို့-လုလောက်ရုံ"]·nld["hun-genoeg"]·nor["nok-sitt"]·pnb["بس-اپنا"]·pol["tylko-tyle-ile-im-trzeba"]·PT["E-suficiente-de","bastante-para-","bastar","e-suficiente","mais-que-suficiente-de-","o-que-lhes-bastasse","o-suficiente","para-","suficiente","suficiente-de","suficiente-para","suficiente-para-eles","suficiente-para-ti","suficientes"]·ron["doar-cât-le-trebuie?"]·RU["больше-чем-достаточно","для-","достатка","достаточна-для-них","достаточно","достаточно-им","достаточно-тебе","и-достаточно","ради","сколько-им-нужно","царя"]·ES["Y-suficiente","baste","en-vano","lo-suficiente","lo-suficiente-de","lo-suficiente-para","lo-suficiente-para-ellos","más-de-suficiente","para","para-suficiente-","suficiente","suficiente-de","suficiente-para","suficiente-para-ellos","tu-suficiente","y-bastante"]·SW["dharau","kiasi-cha","kiasi-cha-","kiasi-chako","kiasi-chao","kutosha","kwa","kwa-ajili-ya","na-kutosha-kwa","walitosheka","ya-kutosha","ya-kutosha-kwao","zaidi-ya"]·swe["nog-åt-sig"]·tam["போதுமானதை"]·tel["తమకు-చాలినంత"]·tgl["sapat-sa-kanila"]·TH["พอ-ของพวกเขา"]·TR["boşuna-","için-","ve-yeter","ve-yeterlidir","yetecek-kadar","yetecek-kadarını","yetecekten-fazla","yeteceği-kadar-","yeterince","yeterince-","yeterli","yeterli-onlara","yeterlik"]·ukr["досить-їм"]·urd["-لیے","اور-بہت","اور-کافی","بس","ضرورت-سے-زیادہ","کافی","کافی-اپنے-لیے","کافی-کے"]·VI["đủ-cho-chúng"]·yor["tó-wọn?"]·yue["夠哋就夠"]·ZH["够了的"]
Exod 36:5, Exod 36:7, Lev 5:7, Lev 12:8, Lev 25:26, Lev 25:28, Deut 15:8, 2 Chr 30:3, Esth 1:18, Job 39:25, Prov 25:16, Prov 27:27 (+10 more)
2. as often as, whenever — The temporal-frequentative idiom מִדֵּי: 'as often as, whenever, each time.' A genuine semantic extension where the notion of sufficiency becomes iterative recurrence — 'at every sufficient interval.' English 'as often as' and Spanish cada vez que ('each time that') mark this as distinctly temporal, not quantitative. First Samuel 1:7 ('as often as she went up to the house of the LORD') and 1 Kings 14:28 ('as often as the king went into the house of the LORD') establish the pattern. French and German translations sometimes render this with the geographic name Médie/Medien, a homographic confusion with מָדַי (Media), which underscores the importance of context. 14×
AR["كُلَّما","كُلَّمَا","مِنْ","مِنْ-كَثْرَةِ","مِنْ-كُلِّ","مِنْ-كُلِّ-","وَمِنْ-كُلِّ"]·ben["-এবং-প্রতি-","-প্রতিটি","প্রতি-","যখন-","যখনই","যতবার"]·DE["Medien","genug","und-genug","von-Jahr-zu","wie-often-wie","wie-often-wie-"]·EN["As-often-as","and-from-","as-often-as","as-often-as-","from-","from-sufficiency-of","from-year","from-year-to","whenever"]·FR["Madaï","Médie","[מדי]","comme-souvent-comme","comme-souvent-comme-","de-an-à","et-Médie"]·heb["ו-מ-די","מ-די","מדי"]·HI["और-हर","किया","के-बावजूद","जब-भि","जब-भी","जब-भी-","जब-से","प्रति-","वर्ष-से","से-हर","हर"]·ID["Setiap-kali","dan-dari-Sabat","dari-bulan","dari-waktu-ke-waktu","seperti-","setiap","setiap-","setiap-kali"]·IT["Madai","Media","abbastanza","come-spesso-come","come-spesso-come-","da-anno-a","e-abbastanza"]·jav["lan-saben","saben","saben-","saben-saben"]·KO["-에서-충분히","~때마다","그리고-때마다","들어갈-때마다","때마다","때마다-","마다-","마다-해","매-번","매년","매번-","매번-때마다","에-충분히-"]·PT["Sempre-que","de-","de-ano","e-de-","sempre-que","sempre-que-"]·RU["Каждый-раз-как","всякий-раз","всякий-раз-","всякий-раз-как","и-из-каждой-","из-года","из-месяца-","каждый-раз","каждый-раз-","как-только","сколько"]·ES["Cada-vez-que","cada","cada-vez-que","cuantas-veces","de-","de-año","de-tanto-en-tanto","de-vez-en","siempre-que","y-de-"]·SW["Kila-wakati","kila","kila-","kila-mara","kila-mwaka","kila-ninaposema","kila-wakati","kila-wakati-","na-kila"]·TR["-den","-den-yeterli","-her","Ne-zaman","her","her-","her-ne-zaman","her-zaman","ne-zaman","ve-her","yıldan-"]·urd["اور-ہر","جب","جب-بھی","سال","ہر","ہر-","ہر-سال"]
1 Sam 1:7, 1 Sam 7:16, 1 Sam 18:30, 1 Kgs 14:28, 2 Kgs 4:8, 2 Chr 12:11, 2 Chr 24:5, Isa 28:19, Isa 66:23, Isa 66:23, Jer 20:8, Jer 31:20 (+2 more)
3. according to, proportionate to — The proportional prepositional idiom כְּדֵי: 'according to, in proportion to, as much as is fitting.' Deuteronomy 25:2 prescribes lashes 'according to his guilt' (כְּדֵי רִשְׁעָתוֹ), and Nehemiah 5:8 speaks of redeeming 'as much as was in us.' Spanish conforme a and German gemäss zu both carry the proportional-conformity nuance. This sense bridges sufficiency and standard — not just 'enough' but 'enough measured against a norm.' 2×
AR["بِ-قَدْرِ","بِحَسَبِ"]·ben["-সামর্থ্যে","মতো"]·DE["gemaess-zu","genug"]·EN["according-to","as-much-as"]·FR["[כדי]","selon"]·heb["כ-די"]·HI["अनुसार","समर्थ्य-अनुसार"]·ID["sedapat-","sesuai"]·IT["[כדי]","secondo"]·jav["miturut"]·KO["(접)-에-따라","~에-따라"]·PT["conforme"]·RU["по-мере","сколько-могли"]·ES["conforme-a"]·SW["kadri-ya"]·TR["göre-","olabildiğince"]·urd["جہاں-تک-ہو-سکا","مطابق"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† דַּי subst. sufficiency, enough (NH, but not known in other cogn. languages)—cstr. דֵּי, with sf. (v. infr.) דַּיֶּ֑ךָּ, דַּיָּם— 1. absol. thrice only Mal 3:10 I will pour you out a blessing עֵד־בְּלִי־דָֽי until there is not sufficiency, i.e. until my abundance can be exhausted, or, as this can never be, for ever (cf. ψ 72:7), Est 1:18 וּכְדַי בִּזָּיוֹן וָקָ֑צֶף and (there will be) as enough…