H1638 H1638
crush, grind; be crushed or pulverized
This verb denotes being crushed or grinding something to pieces. The psalmist uses it to describe his soul 'crushed with longing' for God's judgments—a powerful metaphor for intense spiritual desire. In Lamentations, Jeremiah laments that God 'has ground my teeth with gravel,' a vivid image of humiliation and bitter suffering from divine discipline.
Senses
1. sense 1 — A verb meaning to be crushed, ground down, or pulverized. In the Qal stem (Psalm 119:20), the verb is reflexive or passive: 'My soul is crushed with longing,' using physical grinding as a metaphor for consuming desire that wears down the inner being. In the Hiphil causative (Lamentations 3:16), God is the agent: 'He has ground my teeth with gravel,' depicting humiliation through forced consumption of grit. Both uses involve the idea of crushing or grinding, whether emotional or physical, with the Aramaic cognate suggesting perishing or being destroyed. 2×
AR["اشْتَاقَتْ", "وَكَسَرَ"]·ben["এবং-চূর্ণ-করেছেন", "খরচ-হয়েছে"]·DE["[ויגרס]", "hat-zerbrochen"]·EN["And-He-ground", "has-broken"]·FR["[ויגרס]", "broyer"]·heb["גרסה", "ו-יגרס"]·HI["और-उसने-कुचला"]·ID["Dan-Ia-mematahkan", "remuk"]·IT["[גרסה]", "[ויגרס]"]·jav["Lan-Panjenengan-mremuk", "Remuk"]·KO["그리고-그-가-부수었네", "부서졌나이다"]·PT["E-quebrou", "Quebrantada"]·RU["И-сокрушил", "Истомилась"]·ES["Se-quebranta", "Y-ha-quebrado"]·SW["Na-amevunja", "imetamani"]·TR["Ve-kırdı", "ezildi"]·urd["اور-توڑ-دیے", "ٹوٹ-گیا"]
Related Senses
G0846 1. third-person pronoun reference (5552×)H???? 1. (4670×)H6213a 1. do, perform, act (2383×)G4160 1. do, act, perform (473×)H5221 1. Hifil: to strike in battle, smite enemies (362×)H0899b 1. garment, article of clothing (216×)H6213a 2. make, construct, fabricate (148×)H3772 1. cut a covenant / make a pact (97×)H5060 1. touch physically (Qal) (96×)H3615 1. complete a task (Piel) (85×)H3772 2. cut off / destroy (Hifil causative) (81×)H3920 1. capture, seize (Qal) (76×)H???? 12. (76×)H3772 3. be cut off / be eliminated (Niphal) (74×)H6213a 3. be done, be made (Niphal) (73×)G4160 2. make, construct, create (62×)H3847 1. Qal: put on, wear (60×)H8210 1. pour out (liquid/libation) (59×)G2440 1. garment or clothing (general) (54×)H4191 4. kill / put to death (Hifil causative) (50×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [גָּרַס] vb. be crushed (Aramaic ܓܪܶܣ [be crushed,] perish)— Qal Pf. 3 fs. גָּֽרְסָה ψ 119:20 fig. ג׳ נַפְשִׁי לְ my soul is crushed (i.e. perisheth: cf. Syriac) with longing for (cf. כָּלָה לְ). Hiph. Impf. וַיַּגְרֵס בֶּחָצָץ שִׁנָּ֑י La 3:16 and he hath crushed my teeth with gravel, fig. of divine chastisement.