H0947 H0947
To trample, tread down, wallow; of warriors trampling enemies, of intensive destruction, of wallowing in blood, or of being trampled upon.
A verb of forceful physical action whose core image is the foot treading upon a defeated foe. In the Qal stem, it describes warriors trampling enemies underfoot — the LORD himself treads down Assyria (Isa 14:25) and treads the peoples in his anger (Isa 63:6), while the psalmist declares 'through you we push down our foes' (Ps 44:5). The Poel intensifies this to thorough devastation: enemies have 'trampled down' the LORD's sanctuary (Isa 63:18) and his pleasant vineyard (Jer 12:10). A strikingly different Hitpael reflexive appears in Ezekiel 16:6 and 22, where infant Jerusalem is found 'wallowing' in her own blood — a vivid image of helpless, flailing movement. The rare Hofal passive in Isaiah 14:19 describes the king of Babylon as a corpse 'trampled' underfoot. Spanish captures the range well: 'pisoteé' for active trampling, 'revolcándote' for wallowing, and 'pisoteado' for the passive state.
Senses
1. trample, tread down — Qal: to trample or tread down, expressing decisive military victory or domination. The LORD tramples Assyria on his mountains (Isa 14:25) and treads peoples in his fury (Isa 63:6); the psalmist trusts God to help 'trample our adversaries' (Ps 44:5; 60:12; 108:13). In Proverbs 27:7, the sated soul 'tramples' even honeycomb, extending the image to contemptuous rejection. Spanish 'pisoteé' and 'pisotea' preserve the visceral foot-on-enemy imagery. 7×
AR["أَدُوسُهُ", "تَدُوسُ", "دَائِسِينَ", "نَدوسُ", "وَ-أَدُوسُ", "يَدوس", "يَدوسُ"]·ben["-এবং-আমি-পদদলিত-করলাম", "আমি-তাকে-মাড়াব", "পদদলিত-করছে", "পদদলিত-করবেন", "পদদলিত-করি", "পদদলিত-করে", "মাড়িয়ে-দেবেন"]·DE["[אבוסנו]", "[בוסים]", "[ואבוס]", "[תבוס]", "wir-trample", "wird-trample", "wird-tread-hinab"]·EN["And-I-trod-down", "I-will-trample-him", "tramples", "treading", "we-trample", "will-trample", "will-tread-down"]·FR["[אבוסנו]", "[בוסים]", "[ואבוס]", "piétiner", "תבוס"]·heb["אבוסנו", "בוסים", "ו-אבוס", "יבוס", "נבוס", "תבוס"]·HI["और-कुचला-मैंने", "कुचलेंगे-हम", "कुचलेगा", "मैं-रौंदूंगा-उसे", "रौंदता", "रौंदते-हुए", "रौंदेगा"]·ID["Aku-menginjak-injaknya", "Dan-Aku-menginjak-injak", "menginjak-injak"]·IT["[בוסים]", "calpestare", "calpesto'", "e-mangiatoia", "tramples"]·jav["Lan-Kawula-ngidak", "badé-ngidak-idak", "ingkang-sampun-nampik", "kawula-badhé-ngiles", "kita-badhe-ngidak", "ngidak"]·KO["그리고-내가-밟았다", "내가-밟으리라", "밟는-자들", "밟다", "밟으리이다", "밟으시리라"]·PT["E-pisoteei", "calcará", "pisando", "pisarei-o", "pisará", "pisoteamos"]·RU["и-растоптал-Я", "поперёт", "попираем", "попирающие", "поразит", "растопчу-его", "топчет"]·ES["Y-pisoteé", "lo-pisotearé", "pisotea", "pisoteando", "pisotearemos", "pisoteará"]·SW["atawakanyaga", "hukanyaga", "na-niliwakanyaga", "nitamkanyaga", "tutawakanyaga", "wakanyaga"]·TR["Ve-cigndedim", "cignemek-onu", "ezecek", "çiğner", "çiğneriz", "çiğneyecek", "çiğneyenler"]·urd["اور-میں-نے-روندا", "روندتی-ہے", "روندتے-ہوئے", "روندوں-گا-اُسے", "روندے-گا", "رَوندے", "ہم-روندتے-ہیں"]
2. wallow — Hitpael reflexive: to wallow, to roll oneself about, specifically in blood. Found in Ezekiel 16:6 and 16:22, where God addresses infant Jerusalem as a foundling 'wallowing in your blood' — an image of helpless, convulsive movement. This sense departs entirely from the hostile trampling meaning, focusing instead on the reflexive flailing of a newborn. Spanish 'revolcándote' captures the writhing, self-directed quality of the action. 2×
AR["مُتَمَرِّغَةً"]·ben["গড়াগড়ি-খাচ্ছ", "গড়াগড়ি-খাচ্ছিলে"]·DE["[מתבוססת]"]·EN["wallowing"]·FR["[מתבוססת]"]·heb["מתבוססת"]·HI["लोटती-हुई"]·ID["berguling-guling"]·IT["[מתבוססת]"]·jav["gulètang"]·KO["버둥거리는"]·PT["contorcendo-te"]·RU["барахтающейся", "барахтающуюся"]·ES["revolcándote"]·SW["ukigaagaa"]·TR["kanlarında", "seni"]·urd["لوٹتی-ہوئی"]
3. trample down (intensive) — Poel intensive: to trample down thoroughly, emphasizing the completeness and severity of devastation. In Jeremiah 12:10, many shepherds have 'trampled down' God's vineyard; in Isaiah 63:18, adversaries have 'trodden down' the sanctuary. The intensive stem signals that this is not a single act but sustained, ruinous destruction. Spanish 'han pisoteado' and 'pisotearon' both convey the thoroughness of the desecration. 2×
AR["دَاسُوا"]·ben["পদদলিত-করেছে", "মাড়িয়েছে-তারা"]·DE["[בוססו]", "[בססו]"]·EN["have-trampled-down", "they-have-trampled-down"]·FR["[בוססו]", "[בססו]"]·heb["בוססו"]·HI["रौंदा", "रौंदा-है"]·ID["menginjak-injak"]·IT["calpestare"]·jav["ngidak-idak", "sampun-ngidak"]·KO["밟았다", "짓밟았다"]·PT["pisaram", "pisotearam"]·RU["попирали", "попрали"]·ES["han-pisoteado", "pisotearon"]·SW["wameikanyaga", "wamelikanyaga"]·TR["cigndediler", "çiğnediler"]·urd["روندا"]
4. be trampled — Hofal passive: to be trampled upon, the passive counterpart of the active treading. Attested once in Isaiah 14:19, where the fallen king of Babylon is likened to a corpse 'trampled' underfoot — cast from his grave like a loathsome branch, trodden by the slain. Spanish 'pisoteado' directly renders this passive state of utter degradation. 1×
AR["مَدْرُوسَةٍ"]·ben["মাড়ানো"]·DE["[מובס]"]·EN["trampled"]·FR["[מובס]"]·heb["מובס"]·HI["रौंदी-गई"]·ID["yang-terinjak"]·IT["calpestare"]·jav["ingkang-kailes"]·KO["밟힌"]·PT["pisado"]·RU["затоптанный"]·ES["pisoteado"]·SW["iliyokanyagwa"]·TR["ciginemis"]·urd["روندی-ہوئی"]
Related Senses
G0846 1. third-person pronoun reference (5552×)H???? 1. (4670×)H6213a 1. do, perform, act (2383×)G4160 1. do, act, perform (473×)H5221 1. Hifil: to strike in battle, smite enemies (362×)H0899b 1. garment, article of clothing (216×)H6213a 2. make, construct, fabricate (148×)H3772 1. cut a covenant / make a pact (97×)H5060 1. touch physically (Qal) (96×)H3615 1. complete a task (Piel) (85×)H3772 2. cut off / destroy (Hifil causative) (81×)H3920 1. capture, seize (Qal) (76×)H???? 12. (76×)H3772 3. be cut off / be eliminated (Niphal) (74×)H6213a 3. be done, be made (Niphal) (73×)G4160 2. make, construct, create (62×)H3847 1. Qal: put on, wear (60×)H8210 1. pour out (liquid/libation) (59×)G2440 1. garment or clothing (general) (54×)H4191 4. kill / put to death (Hifil causative) (50×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [בּוּס] vb. tread down, trample— Qal Impf. יָבוּס ψ 60:14 = 108:14; 3 fs. תָּבוּס Pr 27:7, אָבוּס Is 63:6; sf. 3 s. אֲבוּסֶנּוּ Is 14:25; 1 pl. נָבוּס ψ 44:6;—tread down, trample (of warriors), no obj. expr. Zc 10:5; id., fig. c. acc. (subj. י׳, as warrior) Is 14:25 cf. ψ 60:14 = 108:14 Is 63:6; (subj. men, with God’s help) ψ 44:6; fig. = reject, loathe Pr 27:7. Poʿl. Pf. בּוֹסְסוּ Is 63:18;…