H0783b H0783b
Artaxerxes; the Aramaic form of the Persian king's name appearing in Ezra's correspondence sections.
The Aramaic spelling of the Persian royal name Artaxerxes (אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתְּא), appearing in the Aramaic documentary sections of Ezra. This form, with its characteristic Aramaic emphatic ending, identifies the Persian emperor who authorized Ezra's mission and the rebuilding work in Jerusalem. The name likely represents Artaxerxes I Longimanus (465-424 BCE), whose decrees were pivotal for the restoration of Jewish life in the post-exilic period. The Septuagint renders it as Artaxerxes, confirming the identification across all translation traditions.
Senses
1. Artaxerxes (Persian king, form II) — The proper name of the Persian king Artaxerxes in its Aramaic orthographic form. This variant (אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתְּא / אַרְתַּחְשַׁסְתְּא) appears in the Aramaic portions of Ezra dealing with official Persian correspondence about the temple rebuilding project. Multilingual evidence is unanimous — Spanish 'Artajerjes,' French 'Artaxerxès,' German 'Artahsasta,' and English 'Artaxerxes' all identify the same royal figure. The occurrences span the letter of Rehum (Ezra 4:8, 11, 23), the summary of temple completion under royal patronage (6:14), and Artaxerxes' own decree commissioning Ezra (7:12, 21). The form differs slightly from the Biblical Hebrew spelling (H0783a) but denotes the same king. 7×
AR["أَرْتَحْشَسْتا", "أَرْتَحْشَسْتَا", "إِلَى-أَرْتَحْشَسْتَا", "وَ-أَرْتَحْشَسْتا"]·ben["-অর্তহশস্তার", "অর্তক্ষস্ত", "অর্তহশস্তা", "আর-অর্তহশস্তার"]·DE["Artahsasta", "[(ארתחששת)]", "[[ארתחששתא]]", "[ארתחששתא]", "[וארתחששתא]", "[לארתחששתא]"]·EN["Artachshasht", "Artachshasta", "[ketiv]", "and-Artachshasta", "to-Artachshasht"]·FR["Artaxerxès", "et-Artaxerxès", "zu-Artaxerxès"]·heb["(ארתחששת)", "[ארתחששתא]", "ארתחשסתא", "ארתחששתא", "ו-ארתחששתא", "ל-ארתחששתא"]·HI["अर्तक्षस्त", "अर्तक्षस्त-को", "और-अर्तक्षस्त"]·ID["Artahsasta", "[kere]", "dan-Artahsasta", "kepada-Artahsasta"]·IT["Artaserse", "a-Artaserse", "e-Artaserse"]·jav["Artahsasta", "ing-ngajeng", "kados-makaten", "kang-ratu", "kawos", "lan-Artahsasta"]·KO["(아르다셔스다)", "[아르다셔스다]", "그리고-아르다셔스다", "아르다셔스다", "에게-아르다셔스다"]·PT["(Artachshasta)", "Artachshashta", "Artachshasta", "[Artachshasta]", "a-Artachshasta", "e-Artachshashta"]·RU["[кетив]", "Артахшашта", "Артахшаште", "и-Артахшашты", "к-Артахшаште"]·ES["(Artajerjes)", "Artajerjes", "Artaĥshashta", "[Artajerjes]", "a-Artajerjes", "y-Artaĥshashta"]·SW["Artashasta", "[Artashasta]", "kwa-Artashasta", "na-Artashasta"]·TR["Artahsasta", "Artahsastanin", "Artahsastaya", "K", "ve-Artahsastanin"]·urd["(ارتخشستا)", "[ارتخشستا]", "ارتخشستا", "اور-ارتخشستا", "لے-ارتخشستا"]
Related Senses
G3588 1. definite article (18298×)H0853 1. definite direct object marker (10915×)G2532 1. (8312×)H3068 1. YHWH (the divine name) (6522×)H0834a 1. relative pronoun (who/which/that) (4839×)H3588a 1. causal: because, for (3498×)G1161 1. and (2806×)H3478 1. Israel (proper name and nation) (2507×)G4771 1. you (plural address) (1853×)H1931 1. personal pronoun he/she/it (1431×)G3739 1. relative pronoun who/which/that (1149×)H1732 1. David (proper name) (1075×)H2088 1. this, this one (demonstrative) (1059×)G1063 1. (1047×)G3778 1. this thing, these things (1003×)H???? 2. (1002×)G2424 1. (924×)G3754 1. that (content clause) (881×)H2009 1. presentative particle: behold, look (881×)H0589 1. I (first person singular pronoun) (874×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתְּא n.pr.m. of king, Ezr 4:8, 11, 23; 6:14 = -שַׁסְתְּא 7:12, 21 (BH -שַׁשְׂתָּא; Egyptian Aramaic ארתחשסש RÉS 438, S-C B2+; v. also Andr M 54* Scheft i. 79);—Αρσαρθα, Α(ρ)σαθαθα, Αρθασαθα; 𝔊L Αρταξερξης.