An Aramaic demonstrative pronoun meaning 'these,' serving as the plural counterpart of denah ('this'). Found only in the Aramaic portions of Daniel, it points to groups already introduced in context: kingdoms, satraps, or beasts. The multilingual translations converge remarkably: Spanish 'estos/estas,' French 'ces,' and German 'diese' all render it as a straightforward plural demonstrative, confirming its uncomplicated referential function.