אֵ֫לֶּה H0428
these — near demonstrative pronoun pointing to a previously mentioned or forthcoming group of persons or things
Elleh is the workhorse plural demonstrative of Biblical Hebrew, appearing 746 times to point at groups of people, nations, laws, events, or objects. It serves as the plural counterpart of zeh ('this') and frequently anchors genealogical summaries ('these are the generations of') and legal catalogs ('these are the statutes'). Its prepositional combinations — ka-elleh ('like these'), be-elleh ('among these'), me-elleh ('from these') — are purely syntactic extensions of the same deictic function. The cross-linguistic evidence is uniform: English 'these,' Spanish 'estos/estas,' French 'ces,' German 'diese.'
Senses
1. these (demonstrative pronoun) — The near plural demonstrative pronoun, used to indicate a set of referents already introduced or about to be specified in the discourse. Frequently opens formulaic lists (Gen 10:20 'these are the sons of Ham') and legal enumerations (Deut 18:12 'these things'). All 746 occurrences, including prepositional compounds, express a single deictic function without semantic variation. 746×
AR["هَؤُلَاءِ", "هٰؤُلاءِ", "هٰؤُلَاءِ", "هٰذِهِ"]·ben["এই", "এইগুলি", "এগুলো", "এরা"]·DE["dies", "dies-sind", "diese", "diese-sind", "diese-waren", "sind-diese"]·EN["these"]·FR["ces"]·heb["אלה", "ה-אלה"]·HI["ये"]·ID["Ini", "Inilah", "ini", "inilah"]·IT["questi"]·jav["Punika", "punika"]·KO["이", "이것들-은", "이것들은", "이것들을", "이들은", "이들을"]·PT["Estas", "Estes", "estas", "estes"]·RU["Эти", "эти", "этих", "это"]·ES["Estas", "Estos", "estas", "estos"]·SW["Hawa", "Hizi", "asher", "hawa", "hivi", "kumbe", "na-wakakhofu", "watoto"]·TR["Bunlar", "bu", "bunlar", "bunları"]·urd["-یہ", "یہ"]
Related Senses
G3588 1. definite article (18298×)H0853 1. definite direct object marker (10915×)G2532 1. (8312×)H3068 1. YHWH (the divine name) (6522×)H0834a 1. relative pronoun (who/which/that) (4839×)H3588a 1. causal: because, for (3498×)G1161 1. and (2806×)H3478 1. Israel (proper name and nation) (2507×)G4771 1. you (plural address) (1853×)H1931 1. personal pronoun he/she/it (1431×)G3739 1. relative pronoun who/which/that (1149×)H1732 1. David (proper name) (1075×)H2088 1. this, this one (demonstrative) (1059×)G1063 1. (1047×)G3778 1. this thing, these things (1003×)H???? 2. (1002×)G2424 1. (924×)G3754 1. that (content clause) (881×)H2009 1. presentative particle: behold, look (881×)H0589 1. I (first person singular pronoun) (874×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
אֵ֫לֶּה (أُولَى, እሉ: እላ: Rabb. אֵלּוּ, Aramaic אִלֵּין, & compd. with ܗܳܐ and ܐܰܝ in ܗܳܠܶܝܢ, ܐܰܝܠܶܝܢ ) pr.pl.m. & f. these, in usage the pl. of זֶה. a. Gn 2:4 & often: in appos. to a subst. with a pron. suff. (always without the art.) Ex 9:14 (read with Hi. אֵלֶּה בְּךָ for אֶל־לִבֵּךָ) 10:1 אֹתֹתַי אֵלֶּה these my signs, 11:8 Dt 11:18 1 K 8:59; 10:8; 22:23 2 K 1:13 Je 31:21 Ezr 2:65 Ne 6:14; in…