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H0354 H0354
Art | N-ms  |  11× in 1 sense
Hart, stag, deer — a male deer permitted as clean food and used as a figure of grace, longing, and swiftness
The noun אַיָּל (ʾayyal) designates a male deer or stag, one of the clean animals in Israel's dietary law and a richly evocative figure in Hebrew poetry. Deuteronomy lists the deer alongside the gazelle as permitted food (Deut 12:15, 22; 14:5), and Solomon's table included it (1 Kgs 4:23). In Psalm 42:1 the deer panting for water becomes the soul's thirst for God. The Song of Songs likens the beloved to a young stag leaping on the mountains (Song 2:9). Isaiah promises the lame will 'leap like a deer' (Isa 35:6). Spanish 'ciervo' and French 'cerf' capture both registers.

Senses
1. hart, stag, deer A male deer or stag as a clean animal permitted for food under Mosaic law. Listed alongside the gazelle in Deuteronomy's dietary provisions (Deut 12:15, 22; 14:5) and served at Solomon's court (1 Kgs 4:23). Game that could be eaten by ritually clean and unclean persons alike. Spanish 'ciervo' and Arabic أَيَّل both identify the species. 11×
ANIMALS Animals Deer and Gazelle
AR["الأَيَائِلِ", "الْأَيَّلُ", "كَ-الأَيِّلِ", "كَأَيَائِلَ", "كَـ-الأَيَّلِ", "مِنَ-الأَيْلِ", "هَ-أَيَّلِيم", "وَ-كَـ-الْأَيَّلِ"]·ben["-হরিণদের", "এবং-মৃগের-মতো", "এবং-হরিণের-মতো", "যেমন-হরিণী", "হরিণ", "হরিণের-মত", "হরিণের-মতো"]·DE["[כאיל]", "[כאילים]", "deer", "der-Hirsche", "der-deer", "und-wie-der-deer", "wie-ein-Hirsch"]·EN["and-as-the-deer", "as-a-deer", "deer", "like-a-deer", "like-deer", "the-deer"]·FR["cerf", "comme-cerf", "comme-des-cerfs", "deer", "des-cerfs", "des-cerfs,", "des-cerfs.", "et-comme-le-deer", "le-deer"]·heb["איל", "ה-איילים", "ה-איל", "ו-כ-איל", "ו-כ-ה-איל", "כ-איילים", "כ-איל", "מ-אייל"]·HI["और-जैसे-हिरण", "और-जैसे-हिरन", "के-जैसे-हिरण", "हिरण-की-तरह", "हिरणियों-के", "हिरणों-की-तरह", "हिरन", "हिरन-से", "हिरनों-के"]·ID["-rusa", "Rusa", "dan-seperti-rusa", "dari-rusa", "rusa", "seperti-rusa", "seperti-rusa-rusa"]·IT["[כאיל]", "cervo", "come-cervi", "deer", "e-come-il-deer", "il-cervo", "il-deer"]·jav["Kados-kidang", "Menjangan", "kados", "kados-menjangan", "lan-kados-menjangan.", "menjangan", "saking-menjangan"]·KO["-사슴-같이", "같이-사슴", "그-사슴들-의", "그-사슴을", "그리고-마치-사슴-같이", "사슴과", "사슴들-처럼"]·PT["Como-a-corsa", "como-cervos", "como-o-cervo", "de-veado", "e-como-o-cervo", "e-como-o-veado", "o-cervo", "os-cervos", "veado"]·RU["-оленя", "Олень", "и-как-оленя", "как-олени", "как-олень", "оленей"]·ES["Como-cierva", "ciervo", "como-ciervos", "como-un-ciervo", "de-ciervo", "el-ciervo", "los-ciervos", "y-como-el-ciervo"]·SW["Kama-ayala", "Kulungu", "kama-kulungu", "kama-paa", "kulungu", "na-kama-kulungu", "paa", "wa-kulungu"]·TR["Geyik-gibi", "geyik", "geyik-gibi", "geyikler-gibi", "geyiklerin", "geyikten", "geyiği", "ve-geyik-gibi"]·urd["-بارہ-سنگھا", "اور-بارہ-سنگھے-کی-طرح", "سے-ہرن", "ہرن", "ہرن-کی-طرح", "ہرنوں-کی-طرح", "ہرنوں-کے"]

Related Senses
H6629 1. flock, sheep/goats (small livestock) (274×)H1241 1. cattle, herd (bovine livestock) (183×)H0352a 1. ram (male sheep) (156×)H6499 1. young bull, bullock (130×)H3532 1. lamb, young male sheep (105×)H2543 1. donkey (male ass) (96×)H7794 1. ox, bull (79×)H7462b 1. shepherd (agent noun) (76×)H5795 1. she-goat(s), female goat(s) (68×)H7462b 2. to shepherd, tend, pasture (60×)H1581 1. camel (domestic animal) (54×)H0738b 1. lion (46×)G4263 1. sheep (39×)H5739 1. flock or herd of livestock (38×)H5695 1. calf, young bull (35×)H0738a 1. lion (large predatory feline) (34×)H0860 1. female donkey (34×)H3611 1. dog (animal) (32×)H3715a 1. young lion, lion cub (31×)G0721 1. Lamb (29×)

BDB / Lexicon Reference
אַיָּל n.[m.] (f. ψ 42:2) hart, stag, deer (Aramaic id., ܐܰܝܠܴܐ Arabic إِيَّلٌ Assyrian ailu DlW, but dub., v. HptBAS i. 170, Ethiopic ሀየል = leader? cf. אַיִל. Arabic إِيَّلٌ = ibex (i.q. وَعْلٌ, وَعِلٌ).) א׳ abs. Dt 12:15 + 6 times; pl. אַיָּלִים Ct 2:9 + 3 times;—hart, stag, allowed as food Dt 12:15, 22; 15:22 (all ‖ צְבִי); 14:5 (‖ צְבִי, יַחְמוּר etc.); eaten in Sol.’s household 1 K 5:3 (‖