עֵז74 H5795
She-goat; female goat(s) as livestock, food, or sacrifice; also goat hair used as textile material for the tabernacle.
A common Hebrew noun for the female goat, appearing throughout the Pentateuch in pastoral, culinary, and cultic contexts. The goat was central to Israelite life: as valued livestock (Gen 30:33), as the source of the famous 'kid of the goats' prepared for meals and deceptions (Gen 27:9), and as an acceptable sacrificial victim (Lev 22:19; Exod 12:5). A distinct secondary use refers to goat hair as a weaving material, particularly for the curtains of the tabernacle (Exod 26:7; 35:26), where Spanish 'pelo de cabras' and German 'Ziege-hair' highlight the textile meaning.
1. she-goat(s), female goat(s) — The female goat as a domestic animal raised in flocks for food, property, and sacrifice. Covers the overwhelming majority of occurrences, from Jacob's flocks (Gen 30:33) to Passover victims (Exod 12:5) and Levitical offerings (Lev 22:19, 27). Translations uniformly render it with standard goat terms: Spanish 'cabras,' French 'chèvres,' German 'Ziegen,' confirming a single stable semantic core across all these uses. 68×
AR["ماعِزٍ","مَعْزٍ","مِعْزًى","مِعْزٍ"]·ben["ছাগলের"]·DE["Ziegen","der-Ziegen","von-Ziegen"]·EN["goats"]·FR["boucs","chèvres"]·heb["עז","עיזים"]·HI["बकरियों","बकरियों-का","बकरियों-की","बकरियों-के"]·ID["kambing","kambing-kambing"]·IT["capri"]·jav["jaler","mènda","ménda","méndha","wedhus","wedhus-jawi"]·KO["염소","염소들","염소들-의","염소들의","염소의"]·PT["cabras","de-cabras"]·RU["коз","козий","козьего","козьих"]·ES["cabras","de-cabras"]·SW["dume","mbuzi","wa-mbuzi"]·TR["keçiler","keçilerden","keçilerin"]·urd["بکریوں","بکریوں-کا","بکریوں-کی","بکریوں-کے"]
Gen 27:9, Gen 27:16, Gen 37:31, Gen 38:17, Gen 38:20, Lev 3:12, Lev 4:23, Lev 4:28, Lev 5:6, Lev 9:3, Lev 16:5, Lev 17:3 (+38 more)
▼ 1 more sense below
Senses
2. goat hair (as material) — Goat hair used as a raw textile material, especially for weaving the curtains and coverings of the tabernacle. All six occurrences cluster in Exodus 25-35. The multilingual evidence is revealing: Spanish 'pelo de cabras,' French 'chèvre cheveux,' and German 'Ziege-hair' all add a 'hair' component absent from the livestock sense, marking a genuine metonymic extension from the animal to its fiber (Exod 26:7; 35:23). 6×
AR["شَعرَ-المَعزِ","شَعرِ-ماعِزٍ","شَعرِ-مَعزٍ","وَ-شَعرَ-مَعزٍ","وَ-شَعرُ-ماعِزٍ"]·ben["এবং-ছাগলের-লোম","ছাগলের-লোম","ছাগলের-লোমের"]·DE["Ziegen","der-Ziege-hair","und-Ziege-hair","und-Ziegen"]·EN["and-goat-hair","and-goats","goats","the-goat-hair"]·FR["chèvres","et-chèvre-cheveux","et-chèvres","le-chèvre-cheveux"]·heb["ה-עיזים","ו-עזים","ו-עיזים","עזים","עיזים"]·HI["और-बकरी-बाल","बकरी-बाल","बकरी-बाल-के","बकरी-बालों-के"]·ID["bulu kambing","bulu-kambing","dan-bulu kambing","dan-bulu-kambing"]·IT["capri","e-capri","e-capro-hair","il-capro-hair"]·jav["lan-wulu-mènda,","lan-wulu-mènda.","lan-wulu-mènda;","wulu-mènda","wulu-mènda."]·KO["그-염소-털을","그리고-염소-털","그리고-염소-털과","그리고-염소-털을","염소-털의"]·PT["as-cabras","cabras","e-cabras","e-pelos-de-cabras"]·RU["и-козью-шерсть","и-козья-шерсть","козьей-шерсти","козьи","козью-шерсть"]·ES["cabras","el-pelo-de-cabras","pelos-de-cabra","y-pelo-de-cabras","y-pelos-de-cabra"]·SW["manyoya-ya-mbuzi","na-manyoya-ya-mbuzi","ya-manyoya-ya-mbuzi"]·TR["-keçi-kılını","keçi-kılı","ve-keçi-kılı"]·urd["اور-بکری-کے-بال","اور-بکریوں-کے-بال","بکری-کے-بالوں-کے","بکریوں-کے-بالوں","بکریوں-کے-بالوں-کے"]
Related Senses
H6629 1. flock, sheep/goats (small livestock) (274×)H1241 1. cattle, herd (bovine livestock) (183×)H0352a 1. ram (male sheep) (156×)H6499 1. young bull, bullock (130×)H3532 1. lamb, young male sheep (105×)H2543 1. donkey (male ass) (96×)H7794 1. ox, bull (79×)H7462b 1. shepherd (agent noun) (76×)H7462b 2. to shepherd, tend, pasture (60×)H1581 1. camel (domestic animal) (54×)H0738b 1. lion (46×)G4263 1. sheep (39×)H5739 1. flock or herd of livestock (38×)H5695 1. calf, young bull (35×)H0738a 1. lion (large predatory feline) (34×)H0860 1. female donkey (34×)H3611 1. dog (animal) (32×)H3715a 1. young lion, lion cub (31×)H5175 1. serpent, snake (31×)G0721 1. Lamb (29×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
עֵז74 n.f. Gn 15:9 she-goat;—abs. ע׳ Gn 15:9 + 6 times; pl. עִזִּים 27:9 + 65 times; sf. עִזֶּיךָ 31:38;— †1. as property Gn 30:22, 33, 35 (J), 31:38 (E), 1 S 25:2. 2. as food: עִזִּים (גְּדִי) גְּדָיֵי kid(s) of she-goats Gn 27:9, 16 (J) + 7 times, שְׂעִיר עִזּים 37:31 (J) a buck of goats, he-goat, שֵׂה עִזִּים Dt 14:4 a(n individual) goat; cf. Lv 7:23 (P; fat forbidden); also חֲלֵב ע׳ Pr 27:27…