This adjective describes objects fashioned from stone rather than other materials. In the ancient world, stone vessels were valued for purity since they couldn't contract ritual defilement the way pottery could. John 2:6 mentions six stone water jars used for Jewish purification rites—the setting for Jesus' first sign, turning water into wine. Paul contrasts stone tablets (the Mosaic law) with hearts of flesh where the Spirit writes (2 Corinthians 3:3), distinguishing old covenant external law from new covenant internal transformation. Revelation 9:20 condemns those who worship stone idols that cannot see, hear, or walk—powerless fabrications.