Ἱερουσαλήμ G2419
Jerusalem — the holy city, capital of Judea and site of the Temple; also used symbolically for the heavenly city.
Hierousalem is the indeclinable Semitic form of the city's name, preserving the Hebrew Yerushalayim more closely than the Hellenized Hierosolyma. Luke and Paul strongly prefer this form, while Mark and John tend toward the Hellenized variant. Beyond its literal geographical reference — the city of David, seat of the Temple, and center of pilgrimage — the name takes on symbolic weight in Paul's contrast between 'the present Jerusalem' and 'the Jerusalem above' (Gal 4:25-26), and in Hebrews' vision of the 'heavenly Jerusalem' (Heb 12:22). Spanish Jerusalem, French Jerusalem, and German Jerusalem all transliterate directly, as do virtually all target languages.
Senses
1. Jerusalem — The proper noun for Jerusalem, the holy city and Temple site, used both for the literal city (Matt 23:37; Luke 2:25, 41) and symbolically for the heavenly Jerusalem (Gal 4:26; Heb 12:22). This Semitic-form spelling is preferred by Luke and Paul, contrasting with the Hellenized Hierosolyma in Mark and John. 76×
AR["أورُشَليمَ", "أُورَشَليمَ", "أُورَشَلِيمَ", "أُورُشَلِيمَ", "يا-أورُشَليمُ", "يَا-أُورَشَلِيمُ"]·ben["জেরুশালেম", "জেরুশালেমে", "জেরুশালেমের", "জেরুসালেমে", "যিরূশালেম", "যিরূশালেমকে", "যিরূশালেমে", "যিরূশালেমের"]·DE["Jerusalem"]·EN["Ierousalēm"]·FR["Jérusalem"]·heb["יְרוּשָׁלַיִם"]·HI["यरूशलेम", "यरूशलेम-के", "यरूशलेम-में?", "हे-यरूशलेम"]·ID["Yerusalem"]·IT["Gerusalemme"]·jav["Yerusalem,", "Yerusalèm", "Yérusalem", "Yérusalèm", "Yérusalèm,", "Yérusalèm."]·KO["예루살렘", "예루살렘-에", "예루살렘-으로", "예루살렘아", "예루살렘에", "예루살렘에서", "예루살렘으로", "예루살렘이"]·PT["Jerusalém", "de-Jerusalém"]·RU["Иерусалим", "Иерусалим,", "Иерусалима", "Иерусалима.", "Иерусалиме", "Иерусалиму"]·ES["Ierousalḗm", "Jerusalén"]·SW["-", "Hierousalḗm", "Ierousalēm", "Ierousalḗm", "Yerusalemu", "Yerúsolēma"]·TR["Kudüs", "Kudüs'e", "Kudüsü", "Yerushalayim", "Yerushalayim'de", "Yeruşalim", "Yeruşalim'den", "Yeruşalim,", "Yeruşalim."]·urd["اور", "یروشلم", "یروشلم-کو", "یروشلیم", "یروشلیم-", "یروشلیم-کی", "یروشلیم-کے"]
Related Senses
G3588 1. definite article (18298×)H0853 1. definite direct object marker (10915×)G2532 1. (8312×)H3068 1. YHWH (the divine name) (6522×)H0834a 1. relative pronoun (who/which/that) (4839×)H3588a 1. causal: because, for (3498×)G1161 1. and (2806×)H3478 1. Israel (proper name and nation) (2507×)G4771 1. you (plural address) (1853×)H1931 1. personal pronoun he/she/it (1431×)G3739 1. relative pronoun who/which/that (1149×)H1732 1. David (proper name) (1075×)H2088 1. this, this one (demonstrative) (1059×)G1063 1. (1047×)G3778 1. this thing, these things (1003×)H???? 2. (1002×)G2424 1. (924×)G3754 1. that (content clause) (881×)H2009 1. presentative particle: behold, look (881×)H0589 1. I (first person singular pronoun) (874×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
Ἱερουσαλήμ, see: Ἱεροσόλυμα - (WH, Ἰερ-, see Intr., § 408), -ων, τά (on πᾶσα Ἱ., Mat.2:3, see WM, 794; M, Pr., 48, 244; Thayer, see word), and Ἱερουσαλήμ (WH, Ἰερ-), ἡ., indecl., as always in LXX exc. some parts of Apocr.. (Heb. יְרוּשָׁלִַם), the former always in FlJ, Mk, Jo EV. and Mt (except. Mat.27:37), and most frequently in Lk, the latter always in He, Re, and by St. Paul (except.…