Ἱεροσόλυμα G2414
Hierosolyma -- Jerusalem; the holy city, capital of Judea, in its Hellenized Greek form
Hierosolyma is the Hellenized form of the Hebrew Yerushalayim (Jerusalem), treated as a neuter plural in Greek. The New Testament uses two forms: the indeclinable Ierousalem (closer to the Hebrew, preferred by Paul, Hebrews, and Revelation) and the declinable Hierosolyma (preferred by Matthew, Mark, and John). The latter carries a more Greco-Roman register, perhaps reflecting the city as experienced by outsiders. With 64 occurrences in this form alone, it names the epicenter of biblical drama -- the site of Temple worship, Jesus's passion, and the eschatological hope. The heavenly Jerusalem (Gal 4:26; Heb 12:22; Rev 21:2) transforms the geographical name into a theological symbol. All target languages preserve it virtually unchanged: Spanish, French, and German Jerusalem.
Senses
1. sense 1 — The Hellenized Greek name for Jerusalem, capital of Judea and epicenter of Israel's worship, used in the Gospels and Acts for the earthly city where Jesus taught, suffered, died, and rose (Matt 2:1; 3:5; 20:17-18). The form Hierosolyma (neuter plural, declinable) is favored by the Evangelists and contrasts with the indeclinable Ierousalem preferred by Paul and Revelation. In Galatians 4:25-26, Hebrews 12:22, and Revelation 3:12; 21:2, the name extends to the heavenly and eschatological city. Spanish, French, and German all render it uniformly as Jerusalem across 64 occurrences. 64×
AR["أورُشَليمَ", "أُورُشَلِيمَ", "أُورُشَلِيمُ"]·ben["জেরুজালেমে", "জেরুশালেম", "জেরুশালেম,", "জেরুশালেমে", "জেরুশালেমে,", "জেরুশালেমের", "যিরূশালেম", "যিরূশালেমে", "যিরূশালেমের"]·DE["Jerusalem"]·EN["Hierosoluma", "Hierosolyma", "Jerusalem"]·FR["Jérusalem"]·heb["יְרוּשָׁלַיִם"]·HI["यरूशलेम", "यरूशलेम-की", "यरूशलेम-से", "हिएरोसोलुम"]·ID["Yerusalem", "Yerusalem,"]·IT["Gerusalemme"]·jav["Yerusalem", "Yerusalem,", "Yérusalem", "Yérusalem,", "Yérusalèm", "Yérusalèm,", "Yérusalèm;"]·KO["예루살렘", "예루살렘-과", "예루살렘-이", "예루살렘에", "예루살렘에서"]·PT["Jerusalém", "Jerusalém,", "de-Jerusalém"]·RU["Иерусалим", "Иерусалим,", "Иерусалима", "Иерусалимом", "Иерусалиму"]·ES["Hierosolymōn", "Hierosolýma", "Hierosolýmōn", "Hierosóluma", "Ierosolyma", "de-Hierosolýma"]·SW["Hierosolyma", "Hierosolúma", "Hierosólyma", "Hierosólyma,", "Yerusalemu", "aliwachukua", "ilitetemeka", "na", "wakafika"]·TR["Kudüs'e", "Kudüs'ten", "Yeruşalim", "Yeruşalim'den", "Yeruşalim'den,", "Yeruşalim'e", "Yeruşalim'in"]·urd["یروشلم", "یروشلم-سے", "یروشلیم"]
Matt 2:1, Matt 2:3, Matt 3:5, Matt 4:25, Matt 5:35, Matt 15:1, Matt 16:21, Matt 20:17, Matt 20:18, Matt 21:1, Matt 21:10, Mark 3:8 (+38 more)
Related Senses
G3588 1. definite article (18298×)H0853 1. definite direct object marker (10915×)G2532 1. (8312×)H3068 1. YHWH (the divine name) (6522×)H0834a 1. relative pronoun (who/which/that) (4839×)H3588a 1. causal: because, for (3498×)G1161 1. and (2806×)H3478 1. Israel (proper name and nation) (2507×)G4771 1. you (plural address) (1853×)H1931 1. personal pronoun he/she/it (1431×)G3739 1. relative pronoun who/which/that (1149×)H1732 1. David (proper name) (1075×)H2088 1. this, this one (demonstrative) (1059×)G1063 1. (1047×)G3778 1. this thing, these things (1003×)H???? 2. (1002×)G2424 1. (924×)G3754 1. that (content clause) (881×)H2009 1. presentative particle: behold, look (881×)H0589 1. I (first person singular pronoun) (874×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
Ἱεροσόλυμα (WH, Ἰερ-, see Intr., § 408), -ων, τά (on πᾶσα Ἱ., Mat.2:3, see WM, 794; M, Pr., 48, 244; Thayer, see word), and Ἱερουσαλήμ (WH, Ἰερ-), ἡ., indecl., as always in LXX exc. some parts of Apocr.. (Heb. יְרוּשָׁלִַם), the former always in FlJ, Mk, Jo EV. and Mt (except. Mat.27:37), and most frequently in Lk, the latter always in He, Re, and by St. Paul (except. Gal.1:17-18 2:1), Jerusalem:…