ἰδῐώτ-ης G2399
An untrained person, layperson; one without professional skill or formal education in a subject.
This noun originally meant a 'private citizen' as opposed to someone holding public office, but in the New Testament it denotes a person lacking specialized training or eloquence. The Sanhedrin recognized Peter and John as 'unschooled, ordinary men' (Acts 4:13). Paul uses it for outsiders or uninstructed persons who cannot follow tongue-speaking in worship (1 Cor 14:16, 23-24), and he concedes being 'untrained in speech' while insisting on his knowledge (2 Cor 11:6). The Spanish 'ignorante/inexperto' and English 'untrained/ordinary' show the term connotes lack of formal expertise rather than stupidity.
Senses
1. sense 1 — An untrained or unskilled person, a layperson lacking professional expertise or rhetorical polish. Applied to Peter and John whom the Sanhedrin saw as 'unschooled, ordinary men' (Acts 4:13), and used by Paul both for worship outsiders who cannot follow glossolalia (1 Cor 14:16, 23-24) and self-deprecatingly of his own speaking ability (2 Cor 11:6). The multilingual glosses—Spanish 'ignorante/inexperto,' English 'untrained/ordinary'—capture the sense of lacking formal training rather than intellectual deficiency. 5×
AR["عامِّيونَ", "عامِّيٌّ", "عامِّيِّ", "عَامِّيَّيْنِ"]·ben["অশিক্ষিত", "সাধারণ", "সাধারণ,", "সাধারণের,", "সাধারণেরা"]·DE["ἰδιώτης", "ἰδιώτου", "ἰδιῶται"]·EN["ordinary", "uninstructed", "untrained"]·FR["privé"]·heb["הֶדְיוֹט", "הֶדְיוֹטוֹת", "פְּשׁוּטִים"]·HI["अनाड़ी", "उन-से", "साधारण"]·ID["biasa,", "orang-biasa", "orang-biasa,", "tidak-terlatih"]·IT["privato"]·jav["-tiyang-lumrah", "tiyang-awam", "tiyang-limrah,", "tiyang-lumrah"]·KO["그리고", "배우지-못한-자-의", "배우지-못한-자들이나", "배우지-못한-자라면", "서툴른-자이다"]·PT["comuns", "leigo", "leigo,", "leigos"]·RU["невежда", "простого", "простой", "простые", "простые,"]·ES["ignorante", "ignorantes", "inexperto", "simples"]·SW["asiyeelewa", "asiyefahamu", "asiyefunzwa", "wa-kawaida", "wasioelewa"]·TR["eğitimsiz", "nasıl", "sıradan", "ya da-"]·urd["عام", "غیر-ماہر", "ناواقف", "ناواقف-کی"]
Related Senses
H3548 1. priest, cultic officiant (750×)G5547 1. Christ, Messiah, Anointed One (540×)H5030 1. Prophet, divine spokesperson (317×)H5930a 1. burnt offering (sacrifice) (286×)H3881 1. Levites (priestly class) (283×)G4396 1. prophet, spokesperson of God (146×)H6944 1. sanctuary, holy place (129×)G0749 1. high priest, chief priest (123×)H6944 2. holiness, sacredness (abstract quality) (123×)G5330 1. Pharisee (99×)G4336 1. pray to God (86×)H6944 3. holy things, sacred offerings (plural) (86×)H3722a 1. make ritual atonement (Piel) (85×)H6912 1. bury (Qal active) (82×)H6419 1. pray (Hitpael) (80×)H6944 4. holiness (with possessive pronoun) (77×)H6942 1. sanctify, consecrate (Piel factitive) (76×)H2930a 1. Qal: be/become unclean (75×)H7819a 1. slaughter an animal (Qal active) (72×)H1486 1. lot (object cast for decisions) (71×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἰδῐώτ-ης, ου, ὁ, (ἴδιος) private person, individual, opposed to the State, ξυμφέροντα καὶ πόλεσι καὶ ἰδιώταις Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to γένος, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II one in a private station, opposed to to one holding public office, or taking part in public affairs, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to βασιλεύς, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to ἄρχων, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to δικαστής, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to…