ζεστός G2200
hot, heated; having high temperature
This adjective means hot or heated, describing high temperature. It appears exclusively in Revelation's letter to Laodicea, in the famous rebuke about being neither hot nor cold but lukewarm. The contrast between hot (ζεστός), cold (ψυχρός), and lukewarm (χλιαρός) speaks to spiritual fervor versus tepid compromise. Hot water has usefulness, as does cold; lukewarm water provokes disgust and is spit out.
Senses
1. sense 1 — All translations render this as temperature hot: Spanish caliente, German heiss. Revelation 3:15: 'I know your works: you are neither cold nor hot. Would that you were either cold or hot!' Verse 16: 'So, because you are lukewarm, and neither hot nor cold, I will spit you out of my mouth.' The threefold repetition (hot... hot... lukewarm and neither hot nor cold) emphasizes the contrast. The Laodicean church's tepid commitment provokes nausea in Christ, while passionate devotion—whether hot or even decisively cold—has more integrity than comfortable mediocrity. 3×
AR["حارٌّ", "حارّاً"]·ben["গরম,", "গরম;", "গরম।"]·DE["heiss"]·EN["hot"]·FR["heiss"]·heb["חַם"]·HI["गरम,", "गरम;", "गरम।"]·ID["panas,", "panas.", "panas;"]·IT["zestos"]·jav["panas"]·KO["뜨겁다"]·PT["quente"]·RU["горяч.", "горяч;", "горячий,"]·ES["caliente"]·SW["moto,", "moto.", "moto;"]·TR["keşke", "ne"]·urd["گرم"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ζεστός, ή, όν, (ζέω) seethed, boiled, κρέα ζ. καὶ ὀπτά Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II hot, ὕδωρ Refs 2nd c.BC+; ὕδατα ζ., of hot springs, Refs 1st c.BC+; opposed to χλιαρός, Refs 2nd c.AD+; λίθος Ps.-Refs 1st c.AD+; εἰ δὲ -οτέρας κράσεως δέοιντο if they want the oil-bath hotter, NT+1st c.AD+