ἐπιδίδωμι G1929
give, hand to (a person directly); deliver, hand over (a letter or formal document); give way (nautical: yield to wind or current)
2. deliver, hand over (a letter or formal document) — A specialized sense of ἐπιδίδωμι meaning to formally deliver or hand over a document, letter, or official communication. Used in Acts 15:30 where the Jerusalem council's delegates delivered the apostolic letter to the Antioch church (ἐπέδωκαν τὴν ἐπιστολήν). The multilingual glosses shift from ordinary 'give' to formal transmission: Arabic سَلَّموا (they delivered/entrusted), French ordonner (to order, reflecting the authoritative character of the delivered decree), Spanish entregaron (they delivered/handed over), Korean 전달했다 (transmitted/conveyed), Hindi दी (gave, but in context of formal handover). The Hebrew נָתְנוּ (they gave) is the same root as the general sense, but the contextual frame of delivering an official decree distinguishes this as a technical usage of the verb. 1×
AR["سَلَّموا"]·ben["দিলেন"]·DE["übergibt"]·EN["they-delivered"]·FR["ordonner"]·heb["נָתְנוּ"]·HI["दी"]·ID["mereka-menyerahkan"]·IT["ordinare"]·jav["masrahaken"]·KO["전달했다"]·PT["entregaram"]·RU["вручили"]·ES["entregaron"]·SW["walitoa"]·TR["verdiler"]·urd["دیا"]
▼ 2 more senses below
Senses
1. give, hand to (a person directly) — The primary sense of ἐπιδίδωμι meaning to give something directly to someone, to hand over or present. This covers the majority of NT uses: a father giving bread, fish, or eggs to a child who asks (Matt 7:9-10; Luke 11:11-12), Jesus breaking bread and giving it to the Emmaus disciples (Luke 24:30), the disciples giving a piece of broiled fish to the risen Jesus (Luke 24:42), and the scroll of Isaiah being handed to Jesus in the Nazareth synagogue (Luke 4:17, passive ἐπεδόθη, 'was given/handed'). Multilingual glosses converge on direct giving: Arabic يُعطيهِ/أُعطِيَ (he gives/was given), Hebrew יִתֵּן/נִמְסַר (he will give/was handed over), Korean 주리/주었다/주어졌다 (will give/gave/was given), Spanish dará/dieron/le fue entregado (will give/gave/was handed), French donner (to give), Hindi देगा/दिया/दिया गया (will give/gave/was given). The imperfect ἐπεδίδου (Luke 24:30) expresses repeated or ongoing giving as Jesus distributed the bread. 7×
AR["أَعْطَوْهُ","أُعطِيَ","كانَ-يُعْطيهِما","يُعطيهِ","يُعْطيهِ"]·ben["তারা-দিলেন","তিনি-দিচ্ছিলেন","দেওয়া-হল","দেবে","দেবেন"]·DE["übergibt"]·EN["gave","was-given","was-giving","will-he-give"]·FR["donner"]·heb["יִתֵּן","נִמְסַר","נָתְנוּ","נָתַן"]·HI["दिया","दिया-गया","देगा","देता-था"]·ID["Dia-memberikan","akan-memberikan","diberikan","mereka-memberikan"]·IT["consegnare"]·jav["badhe-maringi","badhé-maringi","dipun-paringaken","maringi"]·KO["나누어-주셨다","주겠느냐","주리","주어졌다","주었다"]·PT["dará"]·RU["давал","дали","даст","подано-было"]·ES["daba","dará","dieron","le-dará","le-fue-entregado"]·SW["akapewa","aliwapa","atampa","mpa","walimpa"]·TR["verdiler","verecek-mi","verecektir","verildi","veriyordu"]·urd["دیا","دیا-گیا","دیتا-تھا","دے-گا"]
3. give way (nautical: yield to wind or current) — A nautical technical sense of ἐπιδίδωμι meaning to give way, yield, or surrender to the force of wind and waves. Used in Acts 27:15 where the ship carrying Paul could not face the wind, so the sailors gave way and let themselves be driven along (ἐπιδόντες ἐφερόμεθα). This is a well-attested nautical usage in classical Greek. The multilingual glosses reflect surrendering control: Arabic تَرَكْنَا (we left/abandoned), Spanish cediendo (yielding/giving way), Korean 내맡기고 (entrusting/yielding to), Hindi छोड़कर (leaving/releasing), Hebrew נָתַנּוּ (we gave [way]). This sense is semantically distinct from the other senses because the 'giving' is not of an object to a person but of oneself to an impersonal force, expressing submission rather than transfer. 1×
AR["تَرَكْنَا"]·ben["দিয়া"]·DE["übergibt"]·EN["having-given-way"]·FR["ordonner"]·heb["נָתַנּוּ"]·HI["छोड़कर"]·ID["menyerah"]·IT["ordinare"]·jav["pasrah"]·KO["내맡기고"]·PT["tendo-cedido"]·RU["отдавшись"]·ES["cediendo"]·SW["tukijisalimisha"]·TR["bırakıp"]·urd["چھوڑ-کر"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἐπιδίδωμι, give besides, Refs 8th c.BC+ __b. of a physician, administer, Refs 1st c.AD+; give afterwards, τροφὴν Refs 1st c.AD+. __2. give in dowry, ὅσσ᾽ Refs 8th c.BC+ __2.b. especially contribute as a `benevolence', for the purpose of supplying state necessities, opposed to εἰσφέρειν (which was compulsory), Refs 4th c.BC+ (Delph., 3rd c.BC); but also, __2.c. offer money as a bribe or…