2. bond, impediment — A figurative bond or binding constraint on a person's faculty or condition, used metaphorically for affliction or disability rather than literal incarceration. In Mk 7:35 the 'bond of his tongue' (desmos tes glosses) refers to the speech impediment that was loosed at Jesus's healing, and in Lk 13:16 Satan's 'bond' on the crippled woman for eighteen years denotes spiritual/physical oppression. Hebrew translations use qesher (knot/bond) and khevel (cord/fetter) rather than the imprisonment-specific kevalim, and Arabic uses ribat (band/ligature) rather than quyud (chains), confirming a distinct semantic profile from the imprisonment sense. Both occurrences involve liberation from a constraining condition through divine healing. 2×
AR["رِبَاطُ","رِبَاطِ"]·ben["বন্ধন"]·DE["Fessel","Fesseln"]·EN["bond"]·FR["lien"]·heb["כֶּבֶל","קֶשֶׁר"]·HI["बन्धन"]·ID["ikatan"]·IT["desmos","desmou"]·jav["blenggunipun","tali"]·KO["결박에서","매임-이"]·PT["laço"]·RU["уз","уза"]·ES["atadura","ligadura"]·SW["kifungo"]·TR["bağı","bağından"]·urd["بندھن"]
▼ 1 more sense below
Senses
1. bond, chain, fetter — A physical bond, chain, or fetter used for imprisonment or restraint. The majority of NT occurrences (Lk 8:29; Acts 16:26, 20:23, 23:29, 26:29, 26:31; Phil 1:7, 13, 14, 17; Col 4:18; 2 Tim 2:9; Phlm 10, 13; Heb 11:36; Jude 6) denote literal chains and fetters of incarceration. Cross-linguistic translations uniformly use bondage/chain vocabulary: arb quyud (chains/fetters), deu Fesseln (fetters), fra lien/chaines (bonds/chains), heb kevalim/moserot (fetters/bonds), hin bandhan/bediyan (bonds/shackles), kor gyeolbak/soesaseul (binding/chains), spa cadenas/ataduras (chains/bonds). Paul's imprisonment bonds (Phil, Col, Phlm, 2 Tim) and the eschatological bonds of Jude 6 (angels kept in bonds) all belong to this concrete restraint sense. 16×
amh["በሰንሰለት"]·AR["-بقيود","-قُيودي","-قُيودِ","القُيُودِ","قُيودي","قُيودٍ","قُيودَ","قُيودُ","قُيودِ","قُيُودًا"]·ben["বন্ধন","বন্ধনে","বন্ধনের","শিকল","শিকলসমূহের","শিকলের","শৃঙ্খলে"]·ces["pouty"]·dan["med-lænker"]·DE["Fessel","Fesseln","mit-Fesseln"]·ell["δεσμοίς"]·EN["bonds","chains","in-bonds","of-chains"]·FR["en-chaînes","lien"]·guj["સાંકળોથી"]·hat["nan-chèn"]·hau["a-cikin-sarƙoƙi"]·heb["בכבלים","הַכְּבָלִים","כְּבָלִים","כְּבָלַי","כְבָלִים","מוֹסֵרוֹת"]·HI["बंधनोंके","बंधनोंके।","बनधन","बनधनोन","बनधोन","बन्धन","बन्धनों","बन्धनों-को","बन्धनों-में","बेड़ियाँ"]·hun["kötelékekben"]·ID["belenggu","belenggu,","belenggu.","dengan-belenggu","itu"]·IT["catena","desma","in-catene","legame"]·jav["blenggu","blenggu,","blenggu.","kaliyan-rantai","ranté","tangsul"]·JA["鎖-で"]·KO["결박들","결박들과","결박들을","결박에","결박으로","매임","매임을","사슬들-에서","쇠사슬들이"]·mar["बंधनांत"]·mya["သံကြိုးများဖြင့်"]·nld["met-boeien"]·nor["lenker"]·pnb["زنجیراں-وِچ"]·pol["więzami"]·PT["cadeias","de-cadeias","em-cadeias","prisões","prisões,"]·ron["-cu-lanțuri"]·RU["уз","узам","узами","узах","узах,","узы"]·ES["ataduras","cadenas","de-cadenas","en-cadenas"]·SW["kwa-minyororo","mfungwa","minyororo","vifungo"]·swe["i-bojor"]·tam["விலங்குகளால்"]·tel["సంకెళ్లతో"]·tgl["mga-tanikala"]·TH["โซ่ตรวน"]·TR["bağları,","zincirler","zincirlere","zincirleri","zincirlerimde","zincirlerimde,","zincirlerime","zincirlerimi","zincirlerimin","zincirlerin","zincirlerinde","zincirlerinin","zincirlerle"]·ukr["кайданами"]·urd["بندھن","زنجیروں","زنجیروں-میں","زنجیریں","قید","قید-میں","قید-کا","قیدوں-سے","قیدوں-میں","قیدوں-کو","قیدوں-کے"]·VI["trong-xiềng-xích"]·yor["ní-ẹ̀wọ̀n"]·yue["用鎖鏈"]·ZH["-用锁链"]
Luke 8:29, Acts 16:26, Acts 20:23, Acts 23:29, Acts 26:29, Acts 26:31, Phil 1:7, Phil 1:13, Phil 1:14, Phil 1:17, Col 4:18, 2 Tim 2:9 (+4 more)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
δεσμός, ὁ, plural δεσμά Refs 6th c.BC+, and so mostly in Trag., Refs 5th c.BC+: both forms in Attic dialect Inscrr., δεσμοί Refs the latter preferred by Refs 6th c.AD+, Attic dialect accusative to Refs 5th c.AD+:—band, bond, anything for tying and fastening, as halter, Refs 8th c.BC+; mooring-cable, Refs 8th c.BC+; door-latch, Refs; yoke-strap, Refs 5th c.BC+: metaphorically, any bond of union or…