γυμνητ-εύω G1130
To be poorly clothed, naked, inadequately dressed
To lack proper clothing, being either naked or dressed insufficiently for comfort and dignity. Paul uses this word in 1 Corinthians 4:11 as part of a catalogue of apostolic hardships: hungry, thirsty, poorly clothed, brutally treated, and homeless. The term emphasizes not just poverty but the shame and vulnerability of inadequate clothing, part of the stark contrast between the proud Corinthians and the suffering apostles.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Describes the state of being inadequately clothed or naked. The multilingual glosses (Spanish 'estamos desnudos', French 'nu', German 'Mangel leiden') capture both nakedness and deprivation. In 1 Corinthians 4:11, Paul employs this term within a rhetorical strategy of ironic contrast—while the Corinthians think themselves kings, the apostles lack even basic clothing, suffering exposure and shame for the gospel's sake, undermining the Corinthians' triumphalist spirituality with the reality of apostolic suffering. 1×
AR["نَعْرى"]·ben["নগ্ন,"]·DE["Mangel-leiden"]·EN["we-are-poorly-clothed"]·FR["nu"]·heb["עֵרֻמִּים"]·HI["नग्न-हैं"]·ID["kami-telanjang"]·IT["essere-nudo"]·jav["kita-wuda,"]·KO["벌거벗다"]·PT["estamos-nus"]·RU["обнажены"]·ES["estamos-desnudos"]·SW["tuko-uchi,"]·TR["çıplağız"]·urd["ننگے-رہتے-ہیں"]
Related Senses
G0846 1. third-person pronoun reference (5552×)H???? 1. (4670×)H6213a 1. do, perform, act (2383×)G4160 1. do, act, perform (473×)H5221 1. Hifil: to strike in battle, smite enemies (362×)H0899b 1. garment, article of clothing (216×)H6213a 2. make, construct, fabricate (148×)H3772 1. cut a covenant / make a pact (97×)H5060 1. touch physically (Qal) (96×)H3615 1. complete a task (Piel) (85×)H3772 2. cut off / destroy (Hifil causative) (81×)H3920 1. capture, seize (Qal) (76×)H???? 12. (76×)H3772 3. be cut off / be eliminated (Niphal) (74×)H6213a 3. be done, be made (Niphal) (73×)G4160 2. make, construct, create (62×)H3847 1. Qal: put on, wear (60×)H8210 1. pour out (liquid/libation) (59×)G2440 1. garment or clothing (general) (54×)H4191 4. kill / put to death (Hifil causative) (50×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
γυμνητ-εύω, to be naked, NT __2 to be lightly clad, Refs 1st c.AD+ __3 to be light-armed, Refs 1st c.AD+