γον-εύς G1118
Parent(s); a father or mother, nearly always plural in the NT to denote both parents together.
Derived from the root meaning 'begetter,' this noun appears almost exclusively in the plural in the New Testament, designating both father and mother as a pair. The term surfaces in contexts ranging from the tender—Mary and Joseph searching for the boy Jesus in the temple (Luke 2:41–43)—to the harrowing: Jesus warns that children will rise against parents and have them put to death (Matt 10:21; Mark 13:12). Across translations the paired sense is consistent: English 'parents,' Spanish 'padres,' German 'Eltern,' French 'parent,' all pointing to the familial unit rather than a single progenitor.
Senses
1. parents — Parents as a familial pair—father and mother considered together. All 20 NT occurrences use the plural to denote both parents, whether in narratives about Jesus' childhood (Luke 2:27, 41, 43), instructions about honoring parents, or apocalyptic warnings of family betrayal (Matt 10:21; Mark 13:12). The consistent multilingual rendering (English 'parents,' Spanish 'padres,' German 'Eltern') confirms the collective rather than individual sense. 20×
AR["الوالِدانِ", "الوالِدينَ", "الوالِدينِ", "لِلْوالِدَينِ", "لِلْوالِدَيْنِ", "والِدا", "والِدان", "والِديكُم", "والِدينَ", "والِديهِم", "والِدَينِ", "وَالِدَاهُ", "وَالِدَيْنِ", "وَالِدِينَ"]·ben["পিতা-মাতাদের", "পিতামাতা", "পিতামাতাকে", "পিতামাতাদের", "পিতামাতাদের-জন্য", "পিতামাতার", "পিতামাতার-প্রতি", "পিতামাতারা", "মাতাপিতাদের-কে"]·DE["Eltern"]·EN["parents", "to-parents"]·FR["parent"]·heb["הוֹרִים", "הוֹרֵי־", "הוֹרָיו", "לְ-הוֹרִים", "לְהוֹרִים"]·HI["मअत-पित", "मअत-पित-के", "माता-पिता", "माता-पिता-की", "माता-पिता-के", "माता-पिता-के-लिए", "माता-पिता-को", "माता-पिता-ने"]·ID["itu", "kepada-orang-tua", "orang tua", "orang-tua", "orang-tuamu"]·IT["genitore", "goneusin"]·jav["dhumateng-tiyang-sepuh", "tiyang-sepah,", "tiyang-sepuh", "tiyang-sepuh,"]·KO["부모", "부모가", "부모님들-에게", "부모들-에게", "부모들-이", "부모들과", "부모들에게", "부모들이", "부모를"]·PT["aos-pais", "pais"]·RU["родителей", "родители", "родителям", "родителями"]·ES["a-padres", "padres"]·SW["kwa-wazazi", "wasiotii", "wazazi", "wazazi,"]·TR["-lara-", "anne-babalar", "anne-babalariniza", "anne-babaların", "anne-babaya", "ebeveynler", "ebeveynlere", "ebeveynleri", "ebeveynlerini"]·urd["ماں-باپ", "ماں-باپ-نے", "والدین", "والدین-نے", "والدین-کو", "والدین-کی", "والدین-کے"]
Matt 10:21, Mark 13:12, Luke 2:27, Luke 2:41, Luke 2:43, Luke 8:56, Luke 18:29, Luke 21:16, John 9:2, John 9:3, John 9:18, John 9:20 (+8 more)
Related Senses
H0376 1. man, person, human male (2130×)H0251 1. brother (blood sibling) (573×)H0120 1. man, human being (individual/generic) (527×)H0802 1. woman, female person (519×)H0802 2. wife, spouse (255×)H0517 1. mother, female parent (217×)G0435 1. man, male person (202×)G1135 1. woman, adult female (190×)H2233 1. offspring, descendants (172×)H0001 2. ancestor, forefather (146×)H5288 1. Youth, young man (122×)H0269 1. sister (female sibling) (113×)H1755 1. generation, contemporaries (96×)G5043 1. child, offspring (89×)G0444 2. people, humankind (86×)H3206 1. child, boy, youth (86×)H2145 1. male (human being) (79×)G3384 1. mother (77×)H6485a 1. Qal passive participle: numbered ones, enrollment (76×)H1397 1. man (strong/mighty) (65×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
γον-εύς, έως, ὁ, begetter, father, mostly in plural, parents, Refs 8th c.BC+: in singular, of a serpent, Refs 5th c.BC+; of a man, Refs 5th c.BC+: generally, progenitor, ancestor, πέμπτος γ. ancestor in the fifth generation, Refs 5th c.BC+