ἄτερ G0817
without, apart from, in the absence of
A preposition meaning without or apart from, taking the genitive case. Jesus asks his disciples to recall being sent out 'without purse' (Luke 22:35). Judas sought to betray Jesus 'without a crowd' or 'away from the multitude' (Luke 22:6). Epic and tragic poetry used this term where classical prose preferred 'choris' or 'aneu.' It emphasizes complete absence or separation from something normally expected or present.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Luke employs this somewhat archaic preposition twice in chapter 22. In verse 35, Jesus reminds disciples of their prior mission without provisions, establishing precedent for dependence on God and hospitality. In verse 6, it describes Judas's strategy of betraying Jesus away from the crowds who might have intervened. Most modern languages use simple 'without' constructions, with German preserving the Greek form, showing recognition of this as a distinctive term. 2×
AR["بِدونِ"]·ben["ছাড়া"]·DE["ἄτερ"]·EN["without"]·FR["sans"]·heb["בְּלִי"]·HI["बिना"]·ID["tanpa"]·IT["lontano"]·jav["tanpa"]·KO["없이"]·RU["без-"]·ES["sin"]·SW["bila", "pasipo"]·TR["-sız"]·urd["بغیر"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἄτερ [ᾰ], Epic dialect, Ionic dialect, Trag. preposition with genitive, without, apart from, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἄ. Ζηνός without his will, Refs 8th c.BC+; οὐ θεῶν ἄ. 'non sine dis', Refs 5th c.BC+ __II aloof, apart from, ἄ. ἥμενον ἄλλωνRefs 8th c.BC+:—frequently in Trag., mostly after its case, Refs 4th c.BC+; but before it in Refs 5th c.BC+:—also in late Prose, as LXX+1st c.BC+ __III with dative, ἄτερ ἄστρασινRefs 1st c.AD+