ἀνατέλλω G0393
To rise, spring up, or dawn; of the sun rising literally, light dawning figuratively, a person arising from a lineage, or God causing the sun to shine.
A verb rooted in the imagery of upward emergence, most often describing the sun rising over the horizon in its daily course (Matt 13:6, Mark 16:2). Matthew applies it metaphorically to messianic light dawning on those sitting in darkness (Matt 4:16, echoing Isaiah 9:2), while Hebrews uses it of Christ 'springing up' from the tribe of Judah (Heb 7:14). In one striking causative use, God is the one who 'makes his sun rise' on the evil and the good alike (Matt 5:45). Spanish translations capture these distinctions well: salió for literal sunrise, amaneció for figurative dawning, and ha-surgido for genealogical arising.
Senses
1. to rise, come up (of the sun) — The literal, intransitive rising of the sun or daylight above the horizon. This is by far the most common usage (6 of 9 occurrences), appearing in parables where the scorching sun rises and withers rootless plants (Matt 13:6, Mark 4:6), in Mark's account of the women arriving at the tomb at sunrise (Mark 16:2), and in Luke's weather observation about clouds rising in the west (Luke 12:54). German aufgehen and Spanish salió both preserve the upward-motion imagery. 6×
AR["أشرَقَت", "أَشرَقَت", "أَشْرَقَتْ", "طَالِعَةً", "يَطلُعَ"]·ben["উঠল", "উঠলে", "উদিত-হতে", "উদিত-হয়", "উদিত-হল"]·DE["aufgehen", "ἀνατέλλουσαν", "ἀνατείλαντος"]·EN["having-risen", "rises", "rising", "rose"]·FR["se-lever"]·heb["בִּ-זְרֹחַ", "זָרְחָה", "יִזְרַח", "עוֹלֶה"]·HI["उगने-पर", "उगा", "उठती-हुई", "न-उगे", "निकलने-पर", "सूरज"]·ID["Terbit", "naik", "terbit"]·IT["anateilē", "aneteilen", "sorgere"]·jav["medal", "mlethèk,", "muncul", "mundhuk", "sasampunipun-mlethek", "thukul"]·KO["떠오르는", "떠오르니", "떠오른", "떠오른다", "떠올랐다", "떠올랐을-때"]·PT["levantou-se", "nasceu", "nasça", "tendo-nascido"]·RU["взойдёт", "взошедшем", "взошедшему", "взошло", "восходящее"]·ES["habiendo-salido", "levantándose", "salió", "surja"]·SW["ichomoke", "ilipochomoza", "jua-likichomoza", "likiinuka", "lilipochomoza", "limechomoza"]·TR["doğana", "doğdu", "doğduğunda", "doğunca", "yükselirken"]·urd["اُٹھتے-ہوئے", "طلوع-ہو", "نکلا", "نکلنے-پر"]
2. to dawn (figurative, of light upon people) — A figurative extension where light 'dawns' upon people in spiritual darkness. Found only in Matt 4:16, where Matthew quotes Isaiah 9:1-2 to announce that messianic light has broken over Galilee. Spanish amaneció ('it dawned') captures the metaphorical shift from astronomical to theological illumination, marking Jesus' ministry as the fulfillment of prophetic promise. 1×
AR["أَشْرَقَ"]·ben["উদিত-হল"]·DE["ἀνέτειλεν"]·EN["dawned"]·FR["se-lever"]·heb["זָרַח"]·HI["उदय-हुई"]·ID["terbit"]·IT["sorgere"]·jav["sumrambah"]·KO["떠올랐다"]·PT["raiou"]·ES["amaneció"]·SW["iliwazukia"]·TR["doğdu"]·urd["طلوع-ہوئی"]
3. to spring up, arise (of a person or tribe) — Used of a person arising or springing forth from a tribal lineage, applied in Heb 7:14 to Christ's descent from Judah rather than Levi. Spanish ha-surgido ('has sprung forth') and English 'has sprung' both convey the botanical metaphor of a shoot emerging from a root, echoing messianic 'branch' imagery found throughout the prophets. 1×
AR["أَشْرَقَ"]·ben["উদিত-হয়েছেন"]·DE["aufgehen"]·EN["has-sprung"]·FR["se-lever"]·heb["צָמַח"]·HI["उदय-हुआ"]·ID["telah-terbit"]·IT["anatetalken"]·jav["sampun-jedhul"]·KO["떠오르셨으니"]·PT["surgiu"]·RU["воссиял"]·ES["ha-surgido"]·SW["amechipuka"]·TR["doğdu"]·urd["طلوع-ہوا"]
4. to cause to rise, make the sun shine — The causative sense: God actively makes the sun rise upon people. In Matt 5:45, Jesus teaches that the Father 'causes his sun to rise' on both the evil and the good. Spanish hace-salir ('makes come out') highlights the transitive agency, distinguishing this from the intransitive senses. Only here does the verb take a personal divine subject who commands the heavenly body's motion. 1×
AR["يُشْرِقُ"]·ben["উদয়-করেন"]·DE["ἀνατέλλει"]·EN["rises"]·FR["se-lever"]·heb["מַזְרִיחַ"]·HI["उदय-कराता-है"]·ID["terbit"]·IT["sorgere"]·jav["ndadosaken-mlethek"]·KO["떠오르게-하신다"]·PT["faz-nascer"]·RU["восходить-даёт"]·ES["hace-salir"]·SW["anachomoza"]·TR["doğdurur"]·urd["نکالتا-ہے"]
Related Senses
H4325 1. water, waters (582×)H6965b 1. Qal: to rise, arise, get up (432×)H2091 1. gold (the metal) (389×)H0068 1. stone, rock (material/object) (267×)H5178a 1. bronze/copper as metal (131×)H6083 1. dust, dry earth, soil (108×)H8313 1. burn, set fire to (94×)H2734 1. anger was kindled (82×)G5204 1. water (80×)H2822 1. darkness, absence of light (80×)G5457 1. light (illumination) (71×)G0450 1. rise, stand up (physical) (69×)H6965b 2. Qal: to stand firm, endure, be valid (50×)H6999a 2. burn sacrifice on altar (Hifil) (45×)H5553 1. rock, cliff (physical feature) (43×)H6965b 4. Hifil: to establish, confirm (covenant/kingdom/word) (40×)H1197a 1. burn, be on fire (39×)H4306 1. rain, showers (38×)H1653 1. rain, precipitation (34×)G4655 1. darkness (30×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἀνατέλλω, poetry ἀντ-, aorist ἀνέτειλα: perfect participle ἀνατεταλκόςRefs 2nd c.BC+:—make to rise up, τοῖσιν δ᾽ (i.e. ἵπποις) ἀμβροσίην ἀνέτειλενέμεσθυLXX+8th c.BC+; ὕδωρ ἀ. make water gush forth, NT+5th c.BC+passive, φλὸξ ἀνατελλομένα a flame mounting up, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 bring forth, give birth to ἄντειλας ΔιόνυσονRefs 5th c.BC+ __II intransitive, rise, appear above the horizon, of any…