ἄλλος G0243
Another, other; denotes a distinct or additional entity of the same kind, sometimes used in correlative pairs.
One of the two principal Greek words for 'other' (alongside ἕτερος), ἄλλος points to an additional item of the same class — 'another of the same sort.' It serves as both adjective and pronoun throughout the New Testament, frequently introducing additional persons, parables, or events (Matt 2:12; Mark 4:5, 7). In correlative constructions like ἄλλος μέν... ἄλλος δέ ('one... another'), it distributes members of a group, as in Acts 2:12. Spanish 'otro,' French 'autre,' and German 'anderer' all capture the same-kind nuance without the 'different kind' overtone that ἕτερος sometimes carries.
Senses
1. another, other, different — The standard adjectival and substantive use meaning 'another,' 'other,' or 'others' — a distinct or additional entity of the same kind. Covers the vast majority of occurrences (155x), including phrases like 'another way' (Matt 2:12), 'other ground' (Mark 4:5, 7), and 'another wife' (Mark 10:12). Multilingual evidence is consistent: Spanish 'otro/a otro,' French 'autre,' German 'anderer' — all general-purpose words for 'another' without differentiation by kind. 155×
AR["آخَرَ", "آخَرُ", "أُخرى", "طَرِيقٍ-آخَرَ"]·ben["অন্য", "অন্যকে"]·DE["anderer"]·EN["another", "one", "other"]·FR["autre"]·heb["אַחֵר", "אַחֶרֶת"]·HI["अन्य", "दूसरा", "दूसरे", "दूसरे-की", "दूसरे-ने", "दूसरे-से"]·ID["Lain", "lain", "orang-lain", "yang-lain"]·IT["altro"]·jav["(Sanèsipun", "liyane", "saneslann", "sanès"]·KO["다른", "다른-것은", "다른-남자-를", "다른-분이", "다른-사람을", "다른-사람이", "다른-어떤-사람이", "다른-이가", "다른-자가"]·PT["outra", "outro"]·RU["-", "Другой", "другого", "другое", "другой", "за-другого", "иной"]·ES["a-otro", "otro"]·SW["lingine", "mwingine", "njia-nyingine", "nyingine"]·TR["(başka-biri", "başka", "başka-kısmı", "başkası", "başkasını", "başkasıyla", "bir-başkası"]·urd["اور", "دوسرا", "دوسرے", "دوسرے-سے", "دوسرے-نے", "مجھ-سے-پہلے", "کسی-اور-نے", "کہ"]
Matt 2:12, Matt 27:49, Mark 4:5, Mark 4:7, Mark 10:12, Mark 12:4, Mark 12:5, Mark 12:31, Mark 12:32, Mark 14:58, Luke 7:19, Luke 7:20 (+38 more)
2. one (in correlative contrast) — A specialized correlative usage where ἄλλος singles out one individual from a group in contrastive pairs ('one said... another said'), functioning closer to 'one' than to 'another.' In Acts 2:12 the crowd is divided and ἄλλος picks out a single voice asking 'What does this mean?' Glosses narrow to English 'one,' Spanish 'uno,' distinguishing this from the broader 'another' sense. 1×
AR["آخَرُ"]·ben["একজন"]·DE["anderer"]·EN["one"]·FR["autre"]·heb["אִישׁ"]·HI["दूसरे-से"]·ID["seorang"]·IT["altro"]·jav["satunggal"]·KO["우리-의"]·PT["um"]·RU["друг"]·ES["uno"]·SW["mwingine"]·TR["başkasına"]·urd["دوسرا"]
Related Senses
G3588 1. definite article (18298×)H0853 1. definite direct object marker (10915×)G2532 1. (8312×)H3068 1. YHWH (the divine name) (6522×)H0834a 1. relative pronoun (who/which/that) (4839×)H3588a 1. causal: because, for (3498×)G1161 1. and (2806×)H3478 1. Israel (proper name and nation) (2507×)G4771 1. you (plural address) (1853×)H1931 1. personal pronoun he/she/it (1431×)G3739 1. relative pronoun who/which/that (1149×)H1732 1. David (proper name) (1075×)H2088 1. this, this one (demonstrative) (1059×)G1063 1. (1047×)G3778 1. this thing, these things (1003×)H???? 2. (1002×)G2424 1. (924×)G3754 1. that (content clause) (881×)H2009 1. presentative particle: behold, look (881×)H0589 1. I (first person singular pronoun) (874×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἄλλος, η, ο, Refs 5th c.AD+ yος, cf. Latin alius):—another, i. e. one besides what has been mentioned, either adjective or pronoun: when adjective, its substantive is either in the same case, or in genitive, Ζεῦ ἄλλοι τε θεοίRefs 8th c.BC+ —ἄ. μέν.. ἄ. δέ.. one.. another.., more rarely the one.. the other.. (of two persons, etc.), Refs 8th c.BC+; τὰ μέν.. ἄλλα δέ.. Refs 8th c.BC+, and Attic…