Paul distinguishes those who preach Christ from envy versus those who do so 'purely' (hagnōs, Philippians 1:17). The adverb derives from 'hagnos' (pure, chaste), often used of ritual purity or moral integrity. Here it describes motivation: some proclaim Christ from genuine, unmixed devotion rather than selfish ambition. The word's root connection to 'hagios' (holy) suggests a purity of purpose aligned with God's character. Even in Philippian imprisonment, Paul celebrates that Christ is preached—though he can discern which preachers do so with pure versus impure hearts.