1. rule, act as prince — Denominative verb from sar (prince/ruler) meaning to exercise princely authority, rule, or govern. Used across Qal, Hifil, and Hitpael stems but all within the same semantic domain of ruling and exercising authority. In the Qal: Abimelech ruled over Israel (implied from Judg 9:22 context), rulers govern justly (Prov 8:16), princes shall rule in justice (Isa 32:1). In the Hifil (causative): Israel set up princes without God's approval (Hos 8:4). In the Hitpael (reflexive-intensive): Moses is accused of lording it over the congregation (Num 16:13, with infinitive absolute for emphasis). In Est 1:22 every man is to be ruler in his own house. Arabic 'tatasallatu/yahkumuna' (dominate/rule), Korean 'daseurida' (govern), Hindi 'shaasan karna' (rule), Spanish 'ensenoreas/gobernar' (lord over/govern) all confirm a single semantic field of princely authority. 6×
AR["أَقاموا-رُؤَساءَ","تَتَسَلَّطُ","تَسَلُّطًا","سَيِّدًا","يَتَرَأَّسُونَ","يَحْكُمُونَ"]·ben["অধ্যক্ষ-নিযুক্ত-করেছে","কর্তা","তারা-শাসন-করবে","তুমি-রাজা-হও","রাজত্ব-করতে","শাসন-করে"]·DE["[ישרו]","[שרר]","der-singt","du-herr-es","lording-es"]·EN["lording-it","made-princes","rule","ruling","they-shall-rule","you-lord-it"]·FR["[ישרו]","[שרר]","lording-cela","régner","tu-seigneur-cela","ישרו"]·heb["השירו","השתרר","ישורו","שרר","תשתרר"]·HI["तू-राजा-बनता-है","राजा-बनता-है","वे-शासन-करेंगे","शासन-करते-हैं","सरदार-ठहराए","स्वामी-हो"]·ID["berkuasa","engkau-mau-menjadi-tuan","memimpin","mengangkat-pemimpin","menjadi-tuan"]·IT["[השירו]","[ישרו]","[שרר]","lording-esso","rule","tu-signore-esso"]·jav["dados-pangarsaning","mimpin","mrentah","panguwasa","panjenengan-dados-pangarsaning","sami-ngangkat-panggedhé"]·KO["너가-다스리는가","다스리기를","다스리는-자라","다스린다","다스릴-것이다","장관을-세웠으나"]·PT["dominando","dominas","fizeram-príncipes","governam","governando","governarão"]·RU["будут-управлять","властвуешь","властвуя","господином","поставляли-князей","управляют,"]·ES["enseñoreando?","establecieron-príncipes","gobernarán","gobiernan","señor","te-enseñoreas"]·SW["kama-lugha","kujifanya-mkuu","unajifanya-mkuu","waliweka-wakuu","wanatawala","watatawala"]·TR["efendi","egemenlik-ederek","egemenlik-ediyorsun","yonetecekler","yönetir","önder-yaptılar"]·urd["بنایا-سردار","تو-حکمرانی-کرنے-لگا","حاکم","حکمرانی-کرنا","حکومت-کرتے-ہیں","حکومت-کریں-گے"]
Senses
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [שָׂרַר] vb. denom. (Gerber20) be, or act as, prince, rule;— Qal Impf. 3 ms. וַיָּ֫שַׂר עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵל Ju 9:22 Abim. ruled over Isr. three years; 3 mpl. שָׂרִים … יָשׂ֑רוּ Is 32:1 princes shall govern (prince it) justly (‖ יִמְלָךְ־מֶלֶךְ), cf. Pr 8:16; Pt. לִהְיוֹת … שֹׂרֵר Est 1:22 that every man should bear rule בְּבֵיתוֹ. Hithp. Impf., 2 ms. + Inf. abs. כִּי־תִשְׂתָּרֵר עָלֵינוּ…