H8132 H8132
change, alter, transform (Aramaic cognate of Hebrew shanah)
This Aramaic verb means to change or alter something from its previous state. It appears in three striking contexts: Nebuchadnezzar's color changing when he went mad (2 Kings 25:29, or possibly Jehoiachin's garments being changed), Qoheleth's observation that wisdom 'changes' a person's face (Ecclesiastes 8:1), and Jeremiah's lament that gold has 'changed' or become dim (Lamentations 4:1). The root connects to the broader Semitic family of words about transformation, including the possible derivation of 'year' (shanah) from the changing seasons. The Piel and other derived stems intensify the sense of deliberate alteration.
Senses
1. sense 1 — The verb describes visible alteration or transformation. 2 Kings 25:29 reports that Jehoiachin 'changed his prison garments' when released to dine with the Babylonian king (or possibly his face/appearance changed). Ecclesiastes 8:1 observes that wisdom 'changes' a person's face—transforms their countenance. Lamentations 4:1 mourns how 'the gold has changed'—lost its luster or become tarnished. The multilingual glosses ('cambió,' 'se cambia,' 'changed') confirm this basic sense of perceptible transformation from one state to another. 3×
AR["تَتَغَيَّرُ", "تَغَيَّرَ", "وَغَيَّرَ"]·ben["এবং-বদলালেন", "পরিবর্তিত-হয়", "বদলে-যাচ্ছে"]·DE["er-hasst", "und-er-changed"]·EN["and-he-changed", "is-changed"]·FR["[ישנא]", "et-il-changed", "ישנא"]·heb["ו-שינה", "ישונא", "ישנא"]·HI["और-बदला", "बदल-गया", "बदली-जाएगी"]·ID["Dan-ia-mengganti", "berubah", "diubah"]·IT["[ישנא]", "e-egli-cambiò", "è-changed"]·jav["Lan-ngantos", "dados-owah", "dipun-ewahi"]·KO["그리고-그가-바꿤다", "변하는가", "변한다"]·PT["E-mudou", "mudou", "é-mudada"]·RU["и-сменил", "изменилось", "изменится."]·ES["Y-cambió", "se-cambia", "se-ha-cambiado"]·SW["hubadilishwa", "imebadilika", "na-akabadilisha"]·TR["degistirilir", "değişti", "ve-değiştirdi"]·urd["اور-بدلا", "بدل-جائے-گی", "بدل-گیا"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† I. [שָׁנָה] vb. change (NH Pi, etc.; Ecclus 42:24, etc.; Assyrian šanû, change, Aramaic שְׁנָא, Nab. Ethpa. Lzb379; Syriac ܫܢܳܐ, especially mentally = grow insane; cf. (prob.) NH שָׁנָה year, = Ph. שנת, שת; MI 2, 8 שת; Assyrian šattu (cf. Muss-ArnoltJBL xi (1892), 73 n.); Arabic سَنَةٌ; Aramaic שְׁנַא, שַׁתָּא, ܫܢܳܐ, ܫܰܢ݈ܬܳܐ; Old Aramaic, Nab., Palm. שנתא, שנת, שת, שנן Lzb379 f.; on year from…