H8086 H8086
Aramaic: to hear, perceive by listening; in Hitpael, to obey or show oneself submissive to authority
The Aramaic cognate of Hebrew shama, appearing exclusively in the book of Daniel. In the Pe'al stem it covers the full range of auditory perception: hearing the sound of horn, pipe, and lyre as the signal to worship Nebuchadnezzar's golden image (Dan 3:5, 7, 10, 15), and hearing a report about someone's abilities (Dan 5:14, 16; 6:15). The Hitpael reflexive in Dan 7:27 extends hearing into obedience -- 'all dominions shall serve and obey him' -- where hearing becomes active submission. Spanish 'oír/obedecer' and German 'horen' both trace the same semantic arc from ear to will that is universal across Semitic languages.
1. hear, listen — Pe'al: to hear, listen, or perceive auditorily. Used of hearing musical instruments as a signal (Dan 3:5, 7, 10, 15), hearing spoken reports (Dan 5:14, 16), and hearing news (Dan 6:15). French 'entendre' and Spanish 'oír/oigáis' both convey straightforward auditory reception. The contexts in Daniel 3 are particularly vivid, where hearing the orchestra triggers the command to prostrate before the image. 8×
AR["تَسْمَعُ","تَسْمَعُونَ","سَمِعَ","سَمِعْتُ","وَ-سَمِعْتُ","يَسْمَعُ"]·ben["এবং-শুনেছি","শুনতে-পারে","শুনবে","শুনলেন","শুনেছি"]·DE["hoeren","hoerte","und-hoeren"]·EN["and-I-have-heard","have-heard","he-heard","heard","hearing","hears","you-hear"]·FR["entendre","et-entendre","il-a-entendu","il-entendra"]·heb["ו-שמעתי","ישמע","שומעים","שמע","שמעתי","תשמעו"]·HI["और-सुना-है-मैंने","सुनते","सुना","सुना-है","सुने","सुनेगा","सुनोगे"]·ID["Dan-aku-mendengar","kamu-mendengar","mendengar"]·IT["e-udire","udire"]·jav["Lan-kula-mireng","mireng","panjenengan-mireng","piyambakipun-mireng","saged-mireng","sami-mireng"]·KO["그리고-내가-들었노니","너희가-들으면","듣고","들었노니","들으매","들으면","들을-때에"]·PT["E-ouvi","ouvem","ouvi","ouvindo","ouvir","ouvirdes","ouviu"]·RU["и-слышал-я","слышал","слышали","слышат","услышал","услышит","услышите-вы"]·ES["he-oído","oiga","oigáis","oyen","oyó","oían","y-he-oído"]·SW["Na-nimesikia","alisikia","atasikia","mtasikia","nimesikia","sikii","walisikia"]·TR["duyar","duyarlar","duyarsınız","duydu","duydular","duydum","ve-duydum"]·urd["اور-میں-نے-سنا-ہے","سنا","سنا-ہے","سنتے-ہیں","سنو-گے","سنے-گا","سُنی"]
▼ 1 more sense below
Senses
2. obey, be obedient — Hitpael reflexive-intensive: to show oneself obedient, to submit to authority. In Dan 7:27, all dominions 'shall obey' the people of the Most High -- hearing internalized as willing compliance. Spanish 'obedecerán' makes the shift from perception to submission explicit. This semantic development from 'hear' to 'obey' is deeply rooted across all Semitic languages, reflecting the ancient understanding that truly hearing implies responding. 1×
AR["وَ-يُطِيعُونَ"]·ben["এবং-বাধ্য-হবে"]·DE["und-hoeren"]·EN["and-obey"]·FR["et-entendre"]·heb["ו-ישמעו"]·HI["और-आज्ञा-मानेंगे"]·ID["dan-menaati"]·IT["e-udire"]·jav["lan-badhé-manut"]·KO["그리고-순종할것이다"]·PT["e-obedeceão"]·RU["и-повиноваться"]·ES["y-obedecerán"]·SW["na-kumtii"]·TR["ve-itaat-edecek"]·urd["اور-فرمانبرداری-کی"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† שְׁמַע vb. hear (v. BH);— Pe. Pf. 3 ms. שׁ׳ Dn 6:15; 1 s. שִׁמְעֵת 5:14, 16; Impf. 3 ms. יִשְׁמַע 3:10, 2 mpl. תִּשְׁמְעוּן 3:5, 15; Pt. act. שָֽׁמְעִין 3:7; 5:23;—hear: = have sense of hearing Dn 5:23; c. acc. of sound 3:5, 7, 10, 15, word 6:15; c. cl. דִּי + עַל pers. concerning, 5:14, 16. Hithpe. shew oneself obedient: Impf. 3 mpl. יִשְׁתַּמְעוּן Dn 7:27, c. ל pers. (prob.).