1. desolate, laid waste — Qal participle of שָׁמֵם (shamem): describing a state of desolation, ruin, or abandonment. S141985 covers predicative uses ('desolate') while S141988 covers substantival/articular uses ('the desolate [places/ones]'). Multilingual evidence confirms identical semantics: eng 'desolate/the-desolate', spa 'desolada/las-desoladas', hin वीरान/उजड़े-हुए, arb خَرِبَة/المُقْفِرَات, kor 황폐한/황폐된, swa ukiwa/yaliyoachwa. The difference is syntactic (predicate adjective vs. substantivized participle with article), not semantic. 6×
AR["الْخَرِبِ","خَرِبًا","خَرِبَةً","وَخارِبَةً","ٱلْمُقْفِرَاتِ"]·ben["-ধ্বংসপ্রাপ্ত","এবং-একাকী","জনশূন্য"]·DE["Oede","Verwuestung","[השמם]","[השממות]","und-desolate","verwuestet"]·EN["and-desolate","desolate","the-desolate"]·FR["[שמם]","désolation","désolé","et-désolé"]·heb["ה-שומם","ה-שוממות","ו-שוממה","שומם","שוממה","שממה"]·HI["उजड़ी-हुई","उजड़े-हुए","और-उजड़ी","वीरान"]·ID["dan-sunyi-senyap","sunyi","sunyi-senyap","yang-sunyi"]·IT["[השמם]","[השממות]","desolazione","e-desolate","il-loro-nome"]·jav["ingkang-risak","ingkang-sepi","lan-sepi","sepi","suwung"]·KO["그-황폐한","그리고-황폐한","황폐된","황폐한-자-로","황폐함을"]·PT["as-desoladas","desolada","desolada;","desolado","e-desolada"]·RU["и-опустошённая","опустевшей","опустевшим","опустошённая","опустошённым"]·ES["desolada","desolado","el-desolado","las-desoladas","y-desolada"]·SW["na-ukiwa","palipo-ukiwa","ukiwa","yaliyoachwa"]·TR["harap-olan","ve-ıssız","viran","ıssız"]·urd["اور-ویران","ویران"]
Senses
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† שָׁמֵם adj. devastated;—שׁ׳ of sanctuary Dn 9:17; f. שְׁמֵמָה of land Je 12:11.