H8022 H8022
Shalmaneser, Assyrian king who besieged Samaria and subjugated Israel
The name of an Assyrian king, specifically Shalmaneser V, who reigned from 727 to 722 BC. He is mentioned in 2 Kings 17:3 and 18:9 in connection with the siege and fall of Samaria, which ended the northern kingdom of Israel. The name is Akkadian, meaning '(the god) Shulman is chief,' and the biblical text preserves a Hebraized form. Shalmaneser extracted tribute from King Hoshea of Israel and later besieged Samaria when Hoshea rebelled, though the city fell during the reign of Shalmaneser's successor, Sargon II. The name evokes one of the most catastrophic moments in Israel's history: the end of the northern kingdom and the exile of the ten tribes.
Senses
1. sense 1 — For the biblical authors, Shalmaneser represents the instrument of divine judgment on Israel's persistent idolatry and covenant unfaithfulness. The siege of Samaria culminated decades of prophetic warning, and Shalmaneser's name is forever linked to the exile of the northern tribes. The multilingual glosses simply transliterate the name, as is typical for foreign rulers, preserving the Assyrian original. The name's appearance in Kings marks a turning point: after Shalmaneser, there is no longer a kingdom of Israel, only Judah. 2×
AR["شَلْمَنْأَسَرُ"]·ben["শল্মনেসর"]·DE["Shalmaneser"]·EN["Shalmaneser"]·FR["Shalmaneser"]·heb["שלמנאסר"]·HI["शल्मनसेर"]·ID["Salmaneser"]·IT["Shalmaneser"]·jav["Salmanésèr"]·KO["살만에셀이"]·PT["Shalman'eser", "Shalman’eser"]·RU["Шальманэсер"]·ES["Salmanasar"]·SW["Shalmaneseri"]·TR["Şalmaneser"]·urd["سلمناسر"]
Related Senses
G3588 1. definite article (18298×)H0853 1. definite direct object marker (10915×)G2532 1. (8312×)H3068 1. YHWH (the divine name) (6522×)H0834a 1. relative pronoun (who/which/that) (4839×)H3588a 1. causal: because, for (3498×)G1161 1. and (2806×)H3478 1. Israel (proper name and nation) (2507×)G4771 1. you (plural address) (1853×)H1931 1. personal pronoun he/she/it (1431×)G3739 1. relative pronoun who/which/that (1149×)H1732 1. David (proper name) (1075×)H2088 1. this, this one (demonstrative) (1059×)G1063 1. (1047×)G3778 1. this thing, these things (1003×)H???? 2. (1002×)G2424 1. (924×)G3754 1. that (content clause) (881×)H2009 1. presentative particle: behold, look (881×)H0589 1. I (first person singular pronoun) (874×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† שַׁלְמַנְאֶ֫סֶר n.pr.m. king of Assyria (proposes -אסרד, = Assyrian Šulman-ašaridu, ‘(God) Šulman is chief,’ SchrZK ii (1885), 197 ff. Muss-ArnoltJBL xi (1892), 79);—2 K 17:3 = 18:9; Σαλ(α)μανασ(σ)αρ, 𝔙 Salmanasar. This was שׁ׳ V, b.c. 727–722, SayHast DB s. v. JohnsEncy. Bib. s. v..