רֹב151 H7230
Multitud, abundancia o grandeza; forma nominal de la raíz ר-ב-ב que expresa gran cantidad, magnitud impresionante o funciona como cuantificador.
El sustantivo רֹב es la forma estándar del hebreo para decir 'mucho' o 'una multitud,' ya sea contando personas, midiendo cosas o expresando pura magnitud. Con 149 apariciones se encuentra en todos los géneros: promesas patriarcales de descendencia innumerable (Gn 16:10), acusaciones proféticas por los muchos pecados de Israel (Is 1:11), reflexiones sapienciales sobre la 'multitud de palabras' (Pr 10:19) y declaraciones cósmicas sobre el poder abundante de Dios (Sal 33:16-17). La evidencia interlingüística revela distinciones sutiles que el español puede captar: abundancia (cantidad) frente a grandeza (magnitud). Ocasionalmente funciona como puro cuantificador ('muchos días,' Ecl 11:1) o incluso verbalmente ('ser abundante,' Dt 7:7).
Sentidos
1. abundancia, multitud — El sentido nominal nuclear: una gran cantidad, número o monto de algo — 'multitud' o 'abundancia.' Es el uso dominante con 132 apariciones. Aparece en cadenas constructas (רֹב + genitivo) en todos los ámbitos: multitud de pueblo (Pr 14:28), abundancia de sacrificios (Is 1:11), cantidad de posesiones (Gn 27:28). 132×
AR["بِ-كَثْرَةٍ", "بِكَثرَةٍ", "بِكَثْرَة", "بِكَثْرَةٍ", "عَظِيمًا", "كَثيراً", "كَثِيرًا", "كَثِيرٌ", "كَثِيرَةً", "كَثِيرُونَ", "كَثْرَةً", "لِلكَثرَةِ"]·ben["-প্রচুর", "অধিক", "অনেক", "প্রচুর"]·DE["zu-viel"]·EN["for-abundance", "in-abundance", "to-multitude"]·FR["zu-nombreux"]·heb["ל-ה-רב"]·HI["-के-बहुत", "बहुत", "बहुतायत-में", "बहुतायत-से"]·ID["berlimpah", "berlimpah-limpah"]·IT["a-numeroso"]·jav["kathah", "kathah-sanget"]·KO["로-그-많음", "로-많음", "많이", "많이-에", "매우-많이", "에-많은", "에-풍성히", "에게-그-많음"]·PT["em-abundância"]·RU["в-изобилии", "в-множестве", "во-множестве", "много"]·ES["en-abundancia", "en-multitud"]·SW["kubwa", "kwa-wingi", "nyingi", "wengi"]·TR["bol", "bol-olarak", "çok", "çoklukta", "çokluğa", "çokluğunda"]·urd["بکثرت", "بہت", "بہت-زیادہ", "بہتایت"]
Deut 1:10, Deut 10:22, Deut 28:62, Josh 11:4, Judg 6:5, Judg 7:12, Judg 7:12, 1 Sam 13:5, 2 Sam 17:11, 1 Kgs 4:20, 1 Chr 12:40, 1 Chr 22:3 (+38 más)
2. grandeza, magnitud — El sentido cualitativo: grandeza, magnitud o extensión impresionante, no el simple recuento sino la escala sobrecogedora de algo. Se distingue del sentido 1 por la evidencia interlingüística: español grandeza (no abundancia), hindi बड़ाई ('inmensidad'). Las 10 apariciones se centran en los atributos de Dios y sus actos poderosos (Éx 15:7). 10×
AR["بِ-كَثْرَةِ", "بِ-كَثْرَةِ-", "بِكَثْرَةِ", "بِكَثْرَةِ-", "مِن-كَثرَةِ", "مِنْ-كَثْرَةِ", "وَ-بِ-كَثْرَةِ", "وَبِكَثْرَةِ"]·ben["-বহু", "-বাহুল্যে-থেকে", "অতিশয়ে", "আধিক্য-থেকে", "আধিক্যে", "এবং-আধিক্যে", "ও-বহু", "বহুত্ব-থেকে", "বৃহত্তরে"]·DE["Menge", "Menge-", "durch-Menge", "in-der-Menge-", "und-durch-Menge", "und-in-greatness-von", "von-der-greatness-von"]·EN["and-by-great", "and-in-greatness-of", "because-of-the-greatness", "because-of-the-greatness-of", "by-great", "for-greatness-of", "from-abundance-of", "from-the-greatness-of", "in-the-abundance-of-"]·FR["dans-multitude", "dans-nombreux", "de-le-greatness-de", "de-nombreux", "et-dans-greatness-de", "et-dans-multitude"]·heb["ב-רוב", "ב-רוב-", "ו-ב-רוב", "מ-רוב"]·HI["-बड़ाई-के-कारण", "और-बड़ाई-में", "और-से-बड़े", "बहुत-से", "बहुताई-में", "बहुताई-से", "से-बड़े", "से-बहुताई"]·ID["Dan-dalam-kebesaran", "dalam-kelimpahan-", "karena-banyaknya", "karena-kebesaran", "karena-sangat-jauhnya"]·IT["da-il-greatness-di", "e-in-greatness-di", "e-moltitudine", "moltitudine"]·jav["Ing-kathahipun", "Lan-ing-kathahipun", "ing-ageng", "ing-ageng-", "kalayan-kathah", "lan-kalayan-kathah", "saking-kathah-ipun", "saking-kathahipun", "saking-kebak-"]·KO["그리고-크심-으로", "많은", "많음-으로", "많음에서", "에서-큼", "큰", "큼-안에서"]·PT["E-na-grandeza-de", "Pela-multidão-de", "da-abundância-de", "da-muito", "de-abundância-de", "e-pela-abundância-de", "na-abundância", "pela-grandeza", "pela-multidão-de"]·RU["И-в-множестве", "за-множество", "и-множеством", "множеством", "от-долготы", "от-множества", "по-изобилию"]·ES["Por-grandeza-de", "Y-en-grandeza-de-", "en-abundancia-de", "por-abundancia-de", "por-la-grandeza", "por-lo-largo-de", "por-multitud-de", "y-por-grandeza-de"]·SW["Na-kwa-wingi", "kwa-sababu-ya-urefu-wa", "kwa-sababu-ya-wingi", "kwa-wingi", "kwa-wingi-wa", "na-kwa-wingi-wa"]·TR["Ve-çokluğuyla-", "bollugundan", "bolluğundan-", "bolluğuyla-", "coklugundan-", "ve-çok", "çok-", "çoklukta-", "çokluğundan"]·urd["-بڑی", "-بڑے", "اور-بڑی", "اور-کثرت-میں", "بِ-کثرت", "بہتات-سے", "زیادتی-سے", "سے-بہتات", "کثرت-سے"]
3. muchos, mucho (cuantificador) — Uso adjetival o adverbial como cuantificador que significa 'muchos,' 'mucho' o 'la mayoría,' funcionando como modificador más que como sustantivo abstracto. Cinco apariciones donde el vocablo modifica en vez de estar solo. Pasaje clave: Ester 10:3 ('grande entre los judíos y aceptado por la multitud de sus hermanos'). 5×
AR["عِنْدَ‒أَكْثَرِ", "كَثيرٌ-", "كَثِيرًا", "وَبَعْدَ"]·ben["-অধিকাংশের-কাছে", "-অনেক", "অনেক", "অনেকে", "ও-অনেক-পরে"]·DE["und-Menge", "viel", "zu-viel"]·EN["and-after-many", "by-multitude-of", "great", "many-of", "much"]·FR["et-de-nombreux", "multitude", "zu-nombreux"]·heb["ו-מ-רוב", "ל-ה-רב", "ל-רב", "רב־"]·HI["अधिकांश में", "और-बहुत-से", "बहुत", "बहुत-", "बहुतायत-से"]·ID["Banyak", "banyak", "berlimpah", "dan-sesudah-banyak", "oleh-banyak"]·IT["a-numeroso", "abbondanza", "e-moltitudine"]·jav["déning-kathah", "kathah", "kathah-saking", "kathah-sanget", "lan-sasampunipun-kathah"]·KO["그리고-많은", "많은-", "많이", "에-그-많은", "에게-많음"]·PT["Maioria-de-", "e-de-multidão-de", "muito", "para-multidão-de"]·RU["и-по-прошествии-многих", "многие-", "много", "многое", "у-множества"]·ES["Multitud-de-", "mucho", "muy", "por-multitud-de", "y-después-de-muchos"]·SW["kubwa", "mengi", "na-baada-ya-wingi", "na-wengi", "wengi"]·TR["ve-coklugu", "çok", "çokluğa", "çoğu-", "çoğunluğu-için"]·urd["اور-بعد", "بہت", "بہت-", "کثرت-میں"]
4. ser abundante (Qal verbal) — Uso verbal raro de la raíz ר-ב-ב en Qal: 'ser abundante, ser numeroso.' Solo 2 apariciones conservan este carácter verbal. Deuteronomio 7:7 es crucial: 'No porque fueseis más numerosos que todos los pueblos Yahvé os amó, pues erais el más pequeño de todos.' El sentido verbal subyace a la forma nominal. 2×
AR["كَثيرُ-", "لِكَثْرَتِكُمْ"]·ben["অনেক-", "তোমাদের-বহুসংখ্যক-হওয়ার-কারণে"]·DE["viel", "weil-von-dein-Menge"]·EN["abundant", "because-of-your-multitude"]·FR["multitude", "parce-que-de-ton-multitude"]·heb["מ-רובכם", "רב־"]·HI["तुम्हारी-बहुताई-से", "बहुत"]·ID["Banyak-", "karena-banyak-kamu"]·IT["abbondanza", "perche-di-tuo-moltitudine"]·jav["amargi-kathah-ipun-panjenengan", "kathah"]·KO["많다", "에서-너희가-많음"]·PT["Muita", "por-serdes-numerosos"]·RU["из-за-многочисленности-вашей", "много-"]·ES["Mucho", "por-ser-más-numerosos"]·SW["kwa-kuwa-wengi-zaidi", "wingi-wa"]·TR["çokluğunuzdan", "çoktur-"]·urd["بہت", "تمہارے-بہت-ہونے-سے"]
Sentidos Relacionados
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
Referencia BDB / Léxico
רֹב151 n.m. Jb 11:2 multitude, abundance, greatness;—abs. ר׳ Gn 16:10 +, רוֹב 1 Ch 4:38; 2 Ch 31:10 + Jb 33:19 Qr (Kt ריב); cstr. רֹב Ex 15:7 + (רֹב־ Jb 37:23 Baer Gi), רָב־ Jb 23:6 +; 2 K 19:23 and pl. cstr. רֻבֵּי Ho 8:12 v. infr.;— 1. multitude (c. 125 times): of pers. Ho 10:13; Pr 14:28; 20:6; Est 10:3 +; of things Is 1:11; 47:12; Ez 27:18; Lv 27:16; Pr 10:19; Jb 11:2 +; = great quantity,…