H7044 H7044
burnished, polished; metal surfaces highly polished to reflective brightness through rubbing
This adjective describes metal that has been polished to a bright, gleaming finish. It modifies 'bronze' in both occurrences, describing the burnished bronze of the cherubim's feet in Ezekiel and the glowing bronze of the heavenly figure's legs in Daniel. The term may derive from the quick, light movements involved in polishing and rubbing metal to high sheen. The imagery emphasizes brilliance, purity, and the impressive appearance of worked metal. This is not raw or dull bronze but carefully finished, reflective metalwork.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Ezekiel 1:7 describes cherubim feet gleaming 'like burnished bronze' (ke-nechoshet qalal), while Daniel 10:6 depicts the man's arms and feet 'like the appearance of polished bronze' (ke-'ein nechoshet qalal). Spanish uses 'bruñido/pulido' (burnished/polished), French 'poli,' confirming the polished finish. The Ezekiel context emphasizes the living creatures' radiance and supernatural quality. The Daniel vision similarly employs polished bronze among other brilliant materials (beryl, lightning, torches) to describe an overwhelming heavenly being. Both are theophanic visions where burnished metal contributes to the overwhelming glory. The term captures metal's reflective quality when expertly worked, suggesting both craftsmanship and supernatural luminosity in visionary contexts. 2×
AR["مَصْقولٍ", "مَصْقُولٍ"]·ben["পালিশ-করা"]·DE["[קלל]"]·EN["burnished", "polished"]·FR["poli"]·heb["ממורטת", "קלל"]·HI["चमकाया-हुआ", "चमकीली"]·ID["mengkilap", "yang-mengkilap"]·IT["[קלל]"]·jav["gilap", "ingkang-dipun-gosok"]·KO["빛나는"]·PT["polido"]·RU["блестящей", "полированной"]·ES["bruñido", "pulido"]·SW["iliyong'aa", "iliyosuguliwa"]·TR["cilalanmış", "gözü"]·urd["چمکتی", "چمکدار"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† קָלָל adj. burnished (from light, quick movement of rubbing?);—נְחשֶׁת ק׳ burnished brass Ez 1:7; Dn 10:6 (so most; Co, Ez, קַלּוֹת, in prefixing כַּנְפֵיהֶם from v 8; Dn then follows crpt. Ez.