Brightness and Splendor

† [מָרַט] vb. make smooth, bare, bald; scour, polish (NH id.; pull out, off (feathers, hair); Aramaic ܡܪܰܛ, מְרַט id.; Arabic مَرِطَ have little hair, مَرَطَ pluck out hair);— Qal Impf. i s. וָאֶמְרְטָה Ezr 9:3, sf. 3 mpl. וָאֶמְרְטֵם Ne 13:25; Inf. cstr. מָרְטָה Ez 21:16; Pt. pl. מֹרְטִים Is 50:6; pass. f. מְרוּטָה Ez 21:14 + 2 times;— 1. make bare כָּל־כָּתֵף מְרוּטָה Ez 29:18 every shoulder is laid bare (from chafing of burden; ‖ כָּל־רֹאשׁ מֻקְרָח); the cheek (by plucking out beard) גֵּוִי נָתַתִּי לְמַכִּים וּלְחָיַי לְמֹרְטִ֑ים Is 50:6; c. acc. pers. וָאֶמְרְטֵ֑ם Ne 13:25 (both acts of violence); of hair and beard וָאֶמְרְטָה מִשְּׂעַר רֹאשִׁי וּזְקָנִי Ezr 9:3 (sign of grief). 2. scour, polish, a sword, only Ez 21: v 14 (+ הוּחַדָּה; Co reads מ׳ as Pu), v 16 (del. Co), v 33, + v 20 מְרֻטָה for MT מְעֻטָּה (Ew Sm Co Berthol). Niph. Impf. יִמָּרֵט רֹאשׁוֹ Lv 13:40, 41 his head is made bald (by leprosy). Pu. Pf. 3 fs. מֹרָ֑טָּה Ez 21:15, 16; Pt. מְמֹרָט 1 K 7:45, מוֹרָט Is 18:2, 7 (Ges§ 52 s):—scoured, polished, of bronze utensils of temple 1 K 7:45; of human skin Is 18:2, 7; of sword Ez 21:15, 16 (both + הוּחַדָּה, v. Qal supr.)

λαμπρός, ά, όν, feminine -ή in Epic dialect Refs 8th c.BC+:— bright, radiant, of the sun and stars, λ. φάος ἠελίοιο Refs 8th c.BC+; -ότατος, of Sirius, Refs; λαμπρὰ σελήνη Hes.[same places],Refs 5th c.BC+; of the eyes, Refs 5th c.BC+; of metallic bodies, λ. φάλοι, κόρυθες, Refs 8th c.BC+: neuter as adverb, θώρηκες λαμπρὸν γανόωντες Refs __2 of white cloths and the like, bright, λαμπρὸς δ᾽ ἦν ἠέλιος ὥς [ὁ χιτών] Refs 8th c.BC+; λ. ἐσθής, = Latin toga candida, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __3 of water, clear, limpid, Refs 5th c.BC+; of air, λ. ἠήρ Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 of sound or voice, clear, distinct, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to φ. ἀσαφής, Refs 1st c.AD+ __5 metaphorically, of vigorous action, λ. ἄνεμος a keen wind, Refs 5th c.BC+; λ. ἤδη καὶ μέγας καθιείς swooping down like a fresh and mighty breeze, Refs 5th c.BC+; λαμπρὸς φανήσεται he will come furiously forth, Refs 5th c.BC+; λ. μάχη a keenly contested battle, Refs 2nd c.BC+ adverb -ρῶς, ἐπικείμενοι vigorously, Refs 5th c.BC+; utterly, λ. ἡττῆσθαι, λ. περιεστοιχίσθαι, Refs 3rd c.AD+ __6 metaphorically also, clear, manifest, μαρτύρια Refs 5th c.BC+; λ. φυγή decisive, Refs 2nd c.AD+. adverb - ρῶς, κοὐδὲν αἰνικτηρίως Refs 5th c.BC+; λαμπρῶς ἐλέγετο it was said without concealment, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II of persons, well-known, illustrious by deeds, station, etc., λ. ἐν τῇσι Ἀθήνῃσι Refs 5th c.BC+; λ. ἐν [τοῖς κινδύνοις] Refs 5th c.BC+; as honorary title, -ότατος, = Latin clarissimus, Refs; of cities, councils, etc., ἡ λαμπρὰ τῶν Μιλησίων μητρόπολις Refs 2nd c.AD+; of actions, etc., ἔργον οὐδὲν ἀπ᾽ αὐτῶν λ. γίνεται Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 magnificent, munificent, λ. ἐν ταῖς λειτουργίαις Refs 5th c.BC+; ὁ λ. καὶ πλούσιος οὗτος Refs adverb - ρῶς, χορηγεῖν Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 bright, joyous, λ. ὥσπερ ὄμματι, of the bearer of good news, Refs 5th c.BC+; λαμπρὸν ἐξέπεμψα with bright hopes, Refs 5th c.BC+; also ὄμματι δέρκομαι λαμπρόν, of one clear in conscience, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III of outward appearance, splendid, brilliant, νυμφίον.. λ. ὄντα Refs 5th c.BC+; of a horse, Refs 5th c.BC+; of youthful bloom, ὥρᾳ ἡλικίας λ. Refs 5th c.BC+; of healthy look, Refs 5th c.BC+ of property, dress, etc., εἴ τί γ᾽ ἔστι λ. καὶ καλόν Refs 5th c.BC+; λ. κάλλος beaming beauty, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ λ. splendour, Refs 5th c.BC+. adverb -ῶς, opposed to λιτῶς, Refs 1st c.BC+: superlative -ότατα Refs 5th c.BC+; later -οτάτως Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III.2 of language, brilliant, τῶν διθυράμβων τὰ λ. Refs 5th c.BC+; λ. λέξις ornamental diction, Refs 4th c.BC+ __IV Astrology texts, of degrees in a zodiacal sign, ἑκάστου ζῳδίου λαμπρὰς μοίρας ἐξέθεντο Refs 4th c.AD+ __V for adverb -ρῶς, see above Refs

† [זִיו] n.m. brightness, splendour (𝔗 id., Syriac ܕܟܺܝ, perhaps loan-word from Assyrian zîmu, chiefly of countenance, DlWB 252: Pr 152 NöZMG xl (1886), 732 JenZK ii. 43 BrockLex. Syriac 93);—sf. זִיוִי Dn 4:33 splendour of royalty; זִיוֵהּ 2:31 (of image); pl. brightness of countenance: sf. זִיוַי 7:28, זיויך Kt, זִיוָךְ Qr, 5:10, זִיוֹ֫הִי 5:6, 9.

† I. [מָרַק] vb. scour, polish (NH id.; Aramaic ܡܪܰܩ, מְרַק; cf. Arabic مَرَقَ scrape off wool from a skin);— Qal Imv. מִרְקוּ הָֽרְמָחִים Je 46:4 polish the lances! Pt. pass. מָרוּק 2 Ch 4:16 polished, of bronze utensils of temple (=מְמוֹרָט 1 K 7:45). Pu. Pf. וּמֹרַק consec. Lv 6:21 be well scoured, of bronze vessel (‖ וְשֻׁטַּף בַּמָּ֑יִם). Hiph. Impf. 3 fs. תַּמְרִיק only Pr 20:30 Kt, fig., in cl. חַבֻּרוֹת פֶּצַע ת׳ בְּרָ֑ע blows that cut in, cleanse away evil (cf. De Now Wild VB); Qr תַּמְרוּק i.e. (are) a cleansing. (𝔊 συναντᾷ κακοῖς, whence Gr תַּקְדִּים, Frankenb. תִּקְרֶינָה, but improb.).

† [צָחִיחַ] n.[m.] shining, glaring, surface cstr. צְחִיחַ סֶלַע i.e. a smooth, bare, rock Ez 24:7, 8; 26:4, 14; pl. בַּצְּחִיחִים Ne 4:7 Qr (Kt בַּצְּחִחִיִים), in glaring, bare places (?).

ἀστράπτω (compare στράπτω), Epic dialect imperfect ἀστράπτεσκονRefs 2nd c.BC+: future ἀστράψωRefs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἤστραψαRefs 8th c.BC+:—lighten, hurl lightnings, frequently of omens sent by Zeus, ἀστράπτων ἐπιδέξι᾽Refs 8th c.BC+ __2 impersonal, ἀστράπτει it lightens, ἤστραψε it lightened, οὐρανοῦ δ᾽ ἄπο ἤστραψεRefs 5th c.BC+ __II flash or glance like lightning, πᾶς γὰρ ἀστράπτει χαλινόςRefs 5th c.BC+; κατάχαλκον ἀ. πεδίον gleams with brass, Refs 5th c.BC+; of the face, εἶδον τὴν ὄψιν.. ἀστράπτουσανRefs 5th c.BC+; of flowers, ἀνεμωνίδες ἀστράπτουσαι bright, Refs 2nd c.BC+ flashed flame from his eyes, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.2 of persons, to be brilliant, conspicuous, ἔν τινιRefs 3rd c.AD+ __III transitive, consume with lightning, uncertain in Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.2 illuminate, τι Refs 5th c.AD+

† [יִפְעָה] n.f. brightness, splendour, יִפְעָתֶ֑ךָ Ez 28:7, 17 of prince and king of Tyre.

† [צָחִיחַ] n.[m.] shining, glaring, surface cstr. צְחִיחַ סֶלַע i.e. a smooth, bare, rock Ez 24:7, 8; 26:4, 14; pl. בַּצְּחִיחִים Ne 4:7 Qr (Kt בַּצְּחִחִיִים), in glaring, bare places (?).

† קָלָל adj. burnished (from light, quick movement of rubbing?);—נְחשֶׁת ק׳ burnished brass Ez 1:7; Dn 10:6 (so most; Co, Ez, קַלּוֹת, in prefixing כַּנְפֵיהֶם from v 8; Dn then follows crpt. Ez.

† [שׁפרור Kt, שַׁפְרִיר Qr] n.[m.

ἐξαστράπτω, flash as with lightning, LXX+NT; of the sun's light, Zos.Alch.Refs 5th c.BC+

Included with: λαμπρός, ά, όν, feminine -ή in Epic dialect Refs 8th c.BC+:— bright, radiant, of the sun and stars, λ. φάος ἠελίοιο Refs 8th c.BC+; -ότατος, of Sirius, Refs; λαμπρὰ σελήνη Hes.[same places],Refs 5th c.BC+; of the eyes, Refs 5th c.BC+; of metallic bodies, λ. φάλοι, κόρυθες, Refs 8th c.BC+: neuter as adverb, θώρηκες λαμπρὸν γανόωντες Refs __2 of white cloths and the like, bright, λαμπρὸς δ᾽ ἦν ἠέλιος ὥς [ὁ χιτών] Refs 8th c.BC+; λ. ἐσθής, = Latin toga candida, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __3 of water, clear, limpid, Refs 5th c.BC+; of air, λ. ἠήρ Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 of sound or voice, clear, distinct, Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to φ. ἀσαφής, Refs 1st c.AD+ __5 metaphorically, of vigorous action, λ. ἄνεμος a keen wind, Refs 5th c.BC+; λ. ἤδη καὶ μέγας καθιείς swooping down like a fresh and mighty breeze, Refs 5th c.BC+; λαμπρὸς φανήσεται he will come furiously forth, Refs 5th c.BC+; λ. μάχη a keenly contested battle, Refs 2nd c.BC+ adverb -ρῶς, ἐπικείμενοι vigorously, Refs 5th c.BC+; utterly, λ. ἡττῆσθαι, λ. περιεστοιχίσθαι, Refs 3rd c.AD+ __6 metaphorically also, clear, manifest, μαρτύρια Refs 5th c.BC+; λ. φυγή decisive, Refs 2nd c.AD+. adverb - ρῶς, κοὐδὲν αἰνικτηρίως Refs 5th c.BC+; λαμπρῶς ἐλέγετο it was said without concealment, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II of persons, well-known, illustrious by deeds, station, etc., λ. ἐν τῇσι Ἀθήνῃσι Refs 5th c.BC+; λ. ἐν [τοῖς κινδύνοις] Refs 5th c.BC+; as honorary title, -ότατος, = Latin clarissimus, Refs; of cities, councils, etc., ἡ λαμπρὰ τῶν Μιλησίων μητρόπολις Refs 2nd c.AD+; of actions, etc., ἔργον οὐδὲν ἀπ᾽ αὐτῶν λ. γίνεται Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 magnificent, munificent, λ. ἐν ταῖς λειτουργίαις Refs 5th c.BC+; ὁ λ. καὶ πλούσιος οὗτος Refs adverb - ρῶς, χορηγεῖν Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 bright, joyous, λ. ὥσπερ ὄμματι, of the bearer of good news, Refs 5th c.BC+; λαμπρὸν ἐξέπεμψα with bright hopes, Refs 5th c.BC+; also ὄμματι δέρκομαι λαμπρόν, of one clear in conscience, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III of outward appearance, splendid, brilliant, νυμφίον.. λ. ὄντα Refs 5th c.BC+; of a horse, Refs 5th c.BC+; of youthful bloom, ὥρᾳ ἡλικίας λ. Refs 5th c.BC+; of healthy look, Refs 5th c.BC+ of property, dress, etc., εἴ τί γ᾽ ἔστι λ. καὶ καλόν Refs 5th c.BC+; λ. κάλλος beaming beauty, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ λ. splendour, Refs 5th c.BC+. adverb -ῶς, opposed to λιτῶς, Refs 1st c.BC+: superlative -ότατα Refs 5th c.BC+; later -οτάτως Refs 2nd c.AD+ __III.2 of language, brilliant, τῶν διθυράμβων τὰ λ. Refs 5th c.BC+; λ. λέξις ornamental diction, Refs 4th c.BC+ __IV Astrology texts, of degrees in a zodiacal sign, ἑκάστου ζῳδίου λαμπρὰς μοίρας ἐξέθεντο Refs 4th c.AD+ __V for adverb -ρῶς, see above Refs

στίλβ-ω, chiefly present and imperfect: aorist ἔστιλψα Refs 2nd c.AD+:—glitter, gleam, of polished or bright surfaces, χιτῶνας.. ἦκα στίλβοντας ἐλαίῳ Refs 8th c.BC+; λαμπραὶ δ᾽ ἀκτῖνες ἀπ᾽ αὐτοῦ αἰγλῆεν στίλβουσι beam from him, Refs 5th c.BC+; σ. ὅπλοις Refs 5th c.BC+; ἰδὼν στίλβοντα τὰ λάβδα, i.e. the λ upon the Spartan shields, NT+5th c.BC+; of sleek horses, σ. ὥστε κύκνου πτερόν Refs 5th c.BC+; of brilliant complexion, Refs 3rd c.BC+; of water in motion, Refs 4th c.BC+; of the white gleam on the eye, Refs 4th c.BC+; of fixed stars, opposed to planets (exc. Mercury, see at {στίλβων}), twinkle, Refs 4th c.BC+ flash lightning, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 metaphorically, shine, be bright, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II transitive,= στιλπνόω, στίλβει πρόσωπον Refs 1st c.AD+

† II. [אָהַל] vb. Hiph. be clear, shine, Impf. 3 ms. יַאֲהִיל (subj. moon יָרֵחַ) Jb 25:5 (‖ זַכּוּ subj. כוכבים, cf. also יִזְכֶּה v 4) (= יָהֵל, from הלל; (by text error?) cf. Di so 𝔊 > = I. אָהַל KöI, 373, after Ki).

† בָּהִיר adj. bright, brilliant, of light; only Jb 37:21 לֹא רָאוּ אוֹר בּ׳ הוּא בַּשְּׁחָקִים.

† [נְגֹהָה] n.f. brightness; fig. of prosperity;—pl. לִנְגֹהוֹת Is 59:9 (opp. אֲפֵלוֹת; ‖ אוֹר).

† [צָהֵב, צָהֹב, cf. LagBN 31] vb. gleam (NH id. (of face, bronze, etc.); Arabic صَهِبَ be red);— Hoph. Pt. נְחשֶׁת מֻצְהָב Ezr 8:27 bronze of gleaming ware (so NH and—appar. Hebraism—𝔗 2 Ch 4:16).

† I. שִׁפְרָה n.f. fairness, clearness, of sky;—abs. שׁ׳ Jb 26:13 by his breath the sky becomes fair(ness), v. especially De Di Bu Du; > CheJQ 1897, 578 (after 𝔊) בְּרִיחֵי שָׁמַיִם סֹגֵר הוּא.