H6970 H6970
Koa, a people group mentioned alongside Babylonians and Chaldeans in Ezekiel's prophecy
A gentile name appearing in Ezekiel 23:23, where God lists the nations He will summon against Jerusalem: 'Pekod and Shoa and Koa, and all the Assyrians with them.' Early interpreters identified Koa with the Kutu (or Gutians), a people group east of the Tigris on the border of Elam and Media, mentioned in Assyrian records. However, more recent scholarship questions this identification, leaving Koa's precise historical referent uncertain. They represent part of the eastern coalition that will execute divine judgment.
Senses
1. sense 1 — A people group named among the eastern nations God will mobilize against Judah, appearing only in Ezekiel 23:23. Delitzsch identified them with the Assyrian Kutu, tribes east of the Tigris, though this identification is now disputed. Translations preserve the name (Spanish Coa, French Koa) while some leave it untransliterated. Their pairing with Pekod and Shoa suggests Ezekiel draws on Mesopotamian geopolitical knowledge to depict the comprehensiveness of coming judgment—forces from every quarter of the empire converging on faithless Jerusalem. 1×
AR["وَقُوعَ"]·ben["এবং-কোয়া"]·DE["[וקוע]"]·EN["and-Koa"]·FR["et-Koa"]·heb["ו-קוע"]·HI["और-कोआ"]·ID["dan-Koa"]·IT["[וקוע]"]·jav["lan-Koa"]·KO["그리고-고아와"]·PT["e-Koa"]·RU["и-Коа"]·ES["y-Coa"]·SW["na-Koa"]·TR["ve-Koa"]·urd["اور-قوع"]
Related Senses
G3588 1. definite article (18298×)H0853 1. definite direct object marker (10915×)G2532 1. (8312×)H3068 1. YHWH (the divine name) (6522×)H0834a 1. relative pronoun (who/which/that) (4839×)H3588a 1. causal: because, for (3498×)G1161 1. and (2806×)H3478 1. Israel (proper name and nation) (2507×)G4771 1. you (plural address) (1853×)H1931 1. personal pronoun he/she/it (1431×)G3739 1. relative pronoun who/which/that (1149×)H1732 1. David (proper name) (1075×)H2088 1. this, this one (demonstrative) (1059×)G1063 1. (1047×)G3778 1. this thing, these things (1003×)H???? 2. (1002×)G2424 1. (924×)G3754 1. that (content clause) (881×)H2009 1. presentative particle: behold, look (881×)H0589 1. I (first person singular pronoun) (874×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† קוֹעַ n.pr.gent. named with Bab., Chald., Assyrian, (פְּקוֹד וְ)שׁוֹעַ וְק׳ Ez 23:23 Šôʿa and Ḳôʿa; identif. by DlPa 235 with Assyrian Sutû, Kutû (abbrev. Su (? v. שׁוֹעַ) and [by infer.] Ku), E. of Tigris, on border of Elam and Media; cf. COT Ez 23(×2) Dr Hast. iii, koa; but קוֹעַ = Kutû now doubted by WklAltor, Forsch. ii. 2 (1899), 54