H6249 H6249
Eleven, eleventh — the number eleven in cardinal and ordinal uses, always in construct with ten (עָשָׂר/עֶשְׂרֵה)
The archaic numeral עַשְׁתֵּי is a fossil form meaning 'one' (cognate with Akkadian ishten), surviving exclusively in combination with עָשָׂר or עֶשְׂרֵה to express the number eleven or the ordinal 'eleventh.' It never appears independently. In its cardinal use it counts physical items — the eleven curtains of the tabernacle (Exod 26:7-8; 36:14-15), the eleven-day offering (Num 7:72), and the twenty bulls on the eleventh day (Num 29:20). In ordinal use it marks dates and positions in sequences: 'the eleventh year' of a king's reign (2 Kgs 25:2; Jer 39:2; Ezek 26:1) or 'the eleventh month' (Deut 1:3; Zech 1:7).
Senses
1. eleven (cardinal) — The cardinal number eleven, used for counting concrete objects, animals, or people. All 13 occurrences cluster in the Pentateuch and Chronicles: the eleven curtains of goat hair for the tabernacle covering (Exod 26:7-8; 36:14-15), the offering of the leader on the eleventh day (Num 7:72), twenty bulls on day eleven (Num 29:20), and the eleventh military captain (1 Chr 12:13). Multilingual glosses confirm straightforward cardinal counting — Spanish 'once,' French 'onze,' German 'elf' — with no semantic nuance beyond enumerating a quantity of eleven items. 13×
AR["أَحَدَ", "أَحَدَ-", "إِحدى-", "إِحْدَى", "الحَادِي", "الْحَادِيَ-", "الْحَادِيَةَ", "الْحَادِيَةُ-", "الْحَادِيَةِ", "لِ-إِحدى-", "لِإِحدى-"]·ben["আখাদ", "একাদশ", "একাদশ-", "এগার", "এগারটি", "এগারটির-জন্য", "এগারো", "এগারোটি", "সেই-এগারোটির-জন্য"]·DE["[עשתי]", "eins", "elf", "elf-", "fuer-elf"]·EN["The-eleventh", "eleven", "eleven-", "for-eleven", "one", "one-ten", "the-one"]·FR["[עשתי]", "onze", "onze-", "pour-onze", "un"]·heb["אחת", "ל-אחת", "ל-עשתי", "עשתי", "עשתי-"]·HI["ग्यारह", "ग्यारह-", "ग्यारह-के-लिए", "ग्यारहवाँ", "ग्यारहवाँ-", "ग्यारहवीं"]·ID["kesebelas", "sebelas", "sebelas-", "untuk-sebelas"]·IT["[עשתי]", "per-undici", "undici", "undici-", "uno"]·jav["Kaping-sewelas-", "ingkang-kaping-", "kanggé-sawelas", "kaping-sewelas", "sawelas", "sawelas-", "sewelas"]·KO["에-열한", "열", "열하나", "열하나와", "열한", "열한-", "열한에게"]·PT["Décimo", "décima", "onze", "onze-", "onze-de-", "para-onze", "para-onze-de-"]·RU["для-одиннадцати", "одиннадцатого", "одиннадцатый", "одиннадцатый-", "одиннадцать", "одиннадцать-"]·ES["Once-", "once", "once-", "para-once", "undécimo"]·SW["dhiraa-kumi", "kumi", "kumi-", "kumi-na-", "kumi-na-moja", "kwa-kumi-na-", "mwaka", "mwaka-kumi-na-"]·TR["On-", "On-birinci", "için-on-bir", "on", "on-", "on-bir"]·urd["گیارہ", "گیارہ-", "گیارہ-کے-لیے", "گیارہویں"]
Exod 26:7, Exod 26:8, Exod 36:14, Exod 36:15, Num 7:72, Num 29:20, 2 Kgs 25:2, 1 Chr 12:14, 1 Chr 24:12, 1 Chr 25:18, 1 Chr 27:14, Jer 52:5 (+1 more)
2. eleventh (ordinal) — The ordinal use meaning 'eleventh,' applied to months, years, or sequential positions in a list. These 6 occurrences mark temporal points in chronological formulas: 'the eleventh year of Zedekiah' (2 Kgs 25:2; Jer 39:2; 52:5), 'the eleventh year' of Ezekiel's prophecy (Ezek 26:1; 30:20), 'the eleventh month' of Shebat (Zech 1:7; Deut 1:3), and positional items like the eleventh lot in 1 Chr 24:12; 25:18; 27:14. Spanish shifts to 'undecimo,' French to ordinal framing, confirming the ordinal reading distinct from simple counting. 6×
AR["إِحْدَى", "في-الْحادي", "فِي-السَّنَةِ", "فِي-الْحَادِيَةِ-", "لِلْحَادِي-", "لِلْحَادِيَ-"]·ben["একাদশ-", "এগারো", "এগারো-", "এগারোতে-", "মাসে-একাদশ-"]·DE["[בעשתי]", "[לעשתי]", "[עשתי]", "in-elf-"]·EN["for-the-eleventh", "in-eleven-", "in-eleventh-", "in-the-eleventh", "of-eleven", "of-the-eleventh"]·FR["[בעשתי]", "[עשתי]", "dans-onze-", "zu-onze", "à-onze"]·heb["אחת-", "ב-אחת-עשרה", "ב-עשתי", "ב-עשתי-", "ל-עשתי", "ל-עשתי-"]·HI["-के-ग्यारहवें-", "-ग्यारहवें-", "के-ग्यारहवें-", "ग्यारहवें", "में-ग्यारहवें-"]·ID["bulan-kesebelas-", "pada-kesebelas-", "pada-tahun-", "satu-", "untuk-sebelas"]·IT["[בעשתי]", "[עשתי]", "a-undici", "in-undici-", "undici"]·jav["dhateng-kaping-sewelas-", "ing-kaping-sawelas-", "ing-sawelas", "ing-sewelas-", "kaping-sewelas-", "sawelas"]·KO["에-대한-열한-", "에-열한", "열-", "열하나", "열하나-", "열한-"]·PT["No-décimo-", "do-décimo", "décimo", "no-décimo-", "no-décimo-primeiro", "para-décimo"]·RU["в-одиннадцатый-", "для-одиннадцатого-", "одиннадцатого", "одиннадцатого-"]·ES["En-once", "del-undécimo", "en-el-undécimo", "en-once", "once", "para-once-"]·SW["Katika-mwaka-wa-kumi", "katika-kumi-na", "katika-mwezi-wa-kumi-na-moja", "kumi", "kwa-kumi", "ya-mwezi-wa"]·TR["On-", "on", "on-bir-", "on-birinci", "on-birinci-"]·urd["-گیارہویں-", "بَ-گیارہویں-", "کے-گیارہ-", "گیارہویں", "گیارہویں-"]
Related Senses
H3605 1. all, every, whole (5352×)H0259 1. one (cardinal numeral) (940×)H8147 1. cardinal number two (666×)G3956 1. all (collective plural) (616×)H3967 1. cardinal numeral hundred (550×)H1419a 1. great, large (general quality) (486×)H7969 1. cardinal number three (431×)H0505 1. cardinal number thousand (427×)H7651 1. seven (cardinal number) (393×)G1520 1. cardinal number one (339×)H6240 1. ten (cardinal number) (334×)H6242 1. twenty (cardinal number) (315×)H2568 1. cardinal number five (309×)H0702 1. four (cardinal number) (277×)G3956 2. every, each (distributive) (227×)H8337 1. six (cardinal number) (215×)G3956 3. all things, everything (substantive) (211×)G3956 4. (187×)H6235 1. ten (177×)G3173 1. great in size or extent (176×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† עַשְׁתֵּי19 n.num. one (Assyrian išten, one; išten ešrit, eleven; Dl § 75, TelAm. [iš-]tit, first time; v. Gie ZAW i (1881), 226 Ges§ 97 e Köii. 1, 212 and reff.);—only + עָשָׂר, עֶשְׂרֵה (q.v.) = eleven, eleventh, Je 1:3; 39:2 = 52:5 = 2 K 25:2, Ez 26:1; 40:9; Zc 1:7; Ex 26:7, 8; 36:14, 15; Nu 7:72; 29:20 (all P), Dt 1:3; 1 Ch 12:13; 24:12; 25:18; 27:14.