Senses
1. Elam (nation/region) — Proper noun designating Elam (עֵילָם), the ancient civilization and geographical region east of Mesopotamia (modern southwestern Iran), referenced in prophetic and historical texts (Gen 14:1, 9; Isa 11:11, 21:2, 22:6; Jer 25:25, 49:34-39; Ezek 32:24; Dan 8:2; Ezra 4:9). All three clusters represent the same geographical/national entity across syntactic variation: standalone or with preposition 'in Elam' (S123588), conjunction-prefixed 'and Elam / and from Elam' (S123590), and a ketiv variant possibly reading עוֹלָם 'forever' (S123592). Multilingual evidence uniformly identifies one referent: Spanish 'Elam,' Hindi 'एलाम,' Arabic 'عِيلَامَ,' Korean '엘람,' Swahili 'Elamu.' The ketiv reading in S123592 is a scribal variant that all versions resolve to the same place name. 17×
AR["[عَولَم]","عيلام","عِيلَامَ","عِيلَامُ","فِي-عِيلَامَ","وَ-مِنْ-عِيلَامَ","وَعِيلَامُ","يَا-عِيلَامَ"]·ben["এলম","এলমের","ঐলমকে","ঐলমে","ঐলমের","ও-এলম-থেকে","ও-যেলাম","য়েলাম","ীলামের","ৈলামে"]·DE["Elam","[בעילם]","[עילם]","in-Elam","und-Elam","und-von-Elam","von-Elam"]·EN["Elam","Eylam","[ketiv:forever]","and-Elam","and-from-Elam","in-Elam","in-Eylam"]·FR["Elam","dans-Élam","et-de-Élam","et-Élam","Élam"]·heb["ב-עילם","ו-מ-עילם","ו-עילם","עולם","עילם"]·HI["एइलाम","एलम-क","एलाम","एलाम-की","एलाम-के","और-एलाम-ने","और-एलाम-से","में-एलाम"]·ID["Dan-Elam","Elam","[selama-lamanya]","dan-dari-Elam","di-Elam"]·IT["Elam","[בעילם]","[עילם]","e-Elam","e-da-Elam","in-Elam"]·jav["Elam","[k]","ing-Elam","ing-Élam","lan-Elam","lan-saking-Elam","Èlam","Élam"]·KO["[영원한]","그리고-엘람이","엘람","엘람-에","엘람-에서","엘람에","엘람에게","엘람을","엘람의","엘람이-있다","엘람이여"]·PT["'Eilam","E-Elam","Elam","[eternidade]","de-Elam","e-de-'Elam","em-Elam"]·RU["[века]","Елам","Елама","Эйлам","Эйлама","Эйламе","Элам","Элама","в-Эйламе","в-Эламе","и-Эйлам","и-из-Эйлама"]·ES["Elam","Y-Elam","[kethiv]","en-Elam","y-de-Elam"]·SW["Elamu","Na-Elamu","[milele]","katika-Elamu","na-kutoka-Elamu"]·TR["-de-Elam'da","Elam","Elam'a","Elam'da","Elam'ı","Elam'ın","Ve-Elam","[’vlm]","ve-den-Elam'dan"]·urd["[عیلام]","اور-عیلام-سے","اور-عیلام-نے","عیلام","عیلام-میں","عیلام-کا","عیلام-کی","عیلام-کے","عیلام-ہے"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† I. עֵילָם n.pr.gent. et terr. Elam, ��ιλαμ, Ἐλαμεῖται, well-known country and people NE. of Lower Tigris (Assyrian Elamtu DlPa 320 ff. COT Gn 10:22);—as early invaders of Palestin Gn 14:1, 9, allies of Assyrian Is 22:6; foe of Babylon 21:2; abode of dispersed Israelites 11:11; prophesied against Je 49:34, 35, 36(×2) (Qr, Kt עולם), v 37, 38, 39 Ez 32:24, cf. כָּל־מַלְכֵי ע׳ Je 25:25; called ‘son’ of Shem Gn 10:22 (P) = 1 Ch 1:17; purely local designation ע׳ הַמְּדִינָה Dn 8:2.