נָפַל433 H5307
to fall, fall down; to lie prostrate; to cast lots; to desert; to attack; to dismount; causative: to cause to fall, cast down, allot
The primary sense is physical falling—collapsing to the ground, whether from exhaustion, death, or prostration. But נָפַל extends far beyond simple downward motion. It covers military desertion (falling away to the enemy), ritual prostration (falling down in worship), and the casting of lots for divination or land distribution. The Hifil causative can mean 'to cause to fall' (strike down an enemy), 'to cast lots' (throw dice or stones), or 'to allot land' (distribute by lot). Even 'dismounting' from a camel appears as a specialized sense, where the downward motion is controlled descent rather than accidental fall.
12. sense 12 — Unclear sense, appearing once in Isaiah 26:19 where the earth 'shall bring forth' or 'shall cast forth' (dará a luz). The Hebrew may involve a birth metaphor or casting out, but the translation evidence diverges widely. 1×
AR["تُخْرِجُ"]·ben["বের-করে-দেবে"]·DE["fallen"]·EN["shall-bring-forth"]·FR["tomber"]·heb["תפיל"]·HI["गिराएगी"]·ID["akan-mengeluarkan"]·IT["cadere"]·jav["ngetokaken"]·KO["내어놓으리라"]·PT["dará-à-luz"]·RU["извергнет"]·ES["dará-a-luz"]·SW["itawazaa"]·TR["cikaracak"]·urd["جنم-دے-گی"]
▼ 12 more senses below
Senses
1. Qal: fall down physically — Core physical falling or collapsing to the ground. Arabic consistently uses سَقَطَ (saqaṭa) 'to fall,' confirming the primary sense across Semitic languages. Genesis 17:3 has Abraham falling on his face before God—the posture of reverence. Genesis 45:14 shows Joseph falling on Benjamin's neck in embrace. The versatility of the root appears in its Qal inflections spanning narrative (wayyipol, 'and he fell') and commands. 339×
AR["فَسَقَطَ","فَـ-سَقَطَتِ","وَ-سَقَطَ","وَسَقَطَ"]·ben["আর-পড়ল","আর-সে-পড়ল","এবং-পড়ল","এবং-পড়লেন","এবং-পড়ে-গেল","এবং-সে-পড়ল"]·DE["und-er-fiel","und-es-fiel","und-fiel"]·EN["and-fell","and-he-fell"]·FR["et-il-tomba","et-tomba"]·heb["ו-יפול","ו-יפל","ו-נפל"]·HI["और-गिर","और-गिर-पड़ा","और-गिरा","और-गिरी","और-गिरे"]·ID["Dan-ia-memeluk","dan-dia-jatuh","dan-ia-jatuh","dan-ia-memeluk","dan-jatuh","dan-jatuhlah","dan-rebah","dan-rebahlah","dan-roboh","dan-sujud","dan-tersungkur","dan-tersungkurlah","maka-jatuhlah-ia"]·IT["e-cadde","e-egli-cadde"]·jav["Lajeng-dhawah","Lan-dhawah","lan-ambruk","lan-dhawah","lan-piyambakipun-dhawah"]·KO["그리고-넘어졌다","그리고-무너졌다","그리고-쓰러졌다","그리고-엎드렸다"]·PT["E-caiu","e-caiu"]·RU["И-пал","И-упал","и-пал","и-упал"]·ES["Y-cayó","y-cayó"]·SW["Na-akaanguka","akaanguka","akajaa","akavamia","na-akaanguka","na-akakua","na-ikaanguka","na-likaanguka"]·TR["Ve-düştü","Ve-kapandı","de-çadır","ve-düştü"]·urd["اور-گرا","اور-گرے"]
2. Hifil: cause to fall / strike down — Hifil causative: 'to cause to fall,' 'to strike down,' 'to knock down.' Arabic uses Form IV causative أَسْقَطَ (asqaṭa), perfectly mirroring the Hebrew morphology. Genesis 2:21 has God causing deep sleep to fall on Adam. Deuteronomy 25:2 allows a judge to cause a guilty man to fall (be beaten). The martial nuance appears frequently: causing enemies to fall means defeating them. 33×
AR["أَسْقَطَ","أَسْقَطْتُ","أُسْقِطُ","لِ-تُسْقِطُوا","لِ-يُسْقِطُوا","لِـ-يُسْقِطَ","لِيُسْقِطوا","مُسْقِطٌ","وَ-أَسْقَطَ","وَ-أَوْقَعَ","وَ-أُسْقِطُ","وَ-أُسْقِطُهُمْ","وَ-لِ-سُقُوطِ","وَأُسْقِطُ","وَأُسْقِطُهُ","يُسقِطونَ","يُسْقِطوا","يُسْقِطُهُمْ"]·ben["আমি-ফেলে-দেব","আর-আমি-ফেলব","আর-আমি-ফেলে-দেব","আর-পতন-করালেন","এবং-পতিত-করতে","এবং-ফেলে-দিল","এবং-ফেলে-দেব-তাকে","ও-আমি-পতন-করাব-তাদের","নামিয়ে-দিতে","নিপাত-করতে","পড়তে-দিতে","পড়তে-দিলেন","পতন-করাব","পতিত-করি-","ফেলতে","ফেলব।","ফেলবে-তাদের,","ফেললাম","ফেলে-দিত"]·DE["He-lass-falle","fallen","fiel","lass-ihn-cast-ihnen","sie-dropped","und-Tuenche","und-fallen","und-ich-wird-cause-zu-falle-ihn","und-ließ-fallen","und-zu-fallen","zu-bringe-hinab","zu-fiel","zu-mache-falle"]·EN["And-caused-to-fall","He-let-fall","I-cast","I-will-cause-to-fall","and-I-shall-cause-to-fall","and-I-will-cause-to-fall","and-I-will-cause-to-fall-him","and-I-will-make-fall-them","and-it-caused-to-fall","and-to-fall","let-him-cast-them","making-fall","they-cast-down","they-dropped","to-bring-down","to-cause-to-fall","to-make-fall"]·FR["Et-caused-à-tomber","Il-que-tombe","et-elle-tombera","et-je-fera-cause-à-tombe-lui","et-tomber","et-à-tomber","ils-dropped","tomber","à-apporte-en-bas","à-fais-tombe","à-tomber"]·heb["אפיל","היפלתי","הפיל","הפילו","ו-הפילה","ו-הפלתי","ו-הפלתיו","ו-הפלתים","ו-יפל","ו-לנפל","יפילון","יפילם","ל-הפיל","מפיל-"]·HI["और-गिरा-दूंगा-मैं","और-गिराई","और-गिराऊँगा-उन्हें","और-गिराऊँगा-उसे","और-गिराने-के-लिए","और-गिराया","और-मैं-गिराऊंगा","गिरन","गिरने-दिया","गिरा-रहा-हूँ-","गिराऊंगा-मैं","गिराने-के-लिए","गिराने-को","गिराया-मैंने","छोड़े","मैं-गिराऊँगा","मैं-गिराऊंगा","लिए-गिराने-के","वह-गिराए"]·ID["Aku-akan-menjatuhkan","Aku-menjatuhkan","Dan-menjatuhkan","Ia-menjatuhkan-mereka","dan-Aku-akan-menjatuhkan","dan-Aku-akan-menjatuhkan-mereka","dan-Aku-menjatuhkannya","dan-menjatuhkan","dan-untuk-membuat-jatuh","meninggalkanlah-mereka","menjatuhkan","menjatuhkan-","menunjukkan","mereka jatuhkan","untuk-menjatuhkan","untuk-menyampaikan"]·IT["And-caused-a-cadere","He-lascia-cadi","a-fa-cadi","a-porta-giù","cadde","cadere","e-a-cadere","e-cadere","e-intonaco","e-io-vorrà-causa-a-cadi-lui","essi-dropped"]·jav["Ingsun-dhawahaken","Kawula-badhe-ndhawahaken","Kawula-badhe-ndhingkluk","damel-dhawah","déning-pedhang","kanggé-dhawahaken","kanggé-ngaturaken","kanggé-njatuhaken","lan-Aku-dhawahaken","lan-Kawula-badhe-ndhawahaken","lan-Kawula-bucalaken","lan-kangge-nggawe-dhawah","lan-njalari-dhawah","lan-njatuhaken","mugi-Panjenengan-nguncalaken-piyambakipun","ndhawahaken-","nggégé","piyambak-ipun-ndamel-dhawah","supados-ngrubuhaken"]·KO["-넘어뜨리기-위해","그리고-넘어트리겠다-그들을","그리고-떨어뜨렸더니","그리고-떨어뜨리리라","그리고-떨어뜨릴-것이다-내가","그리고-떨어지게-하기-위하여","그리고-떨어지게-하셨다","내가-떨어뜨렸다","내가-떨어뜨리지","내가-쓰러뜨리겠다-그를","내가-쓰러뜨리리라","넘어뜨리도록","넘어뜨리려고-","떨어뜨리겠다","떨어뜨리는-자이다-","떨어뜨리다","떨어뜨리려고-","떨어뜨리시리라-그들-을","떨어뜨리지-않았는데","버리지"]·PT["E-fez-cair","Lançando-","deixaram-cair","deixarei-cair","deixou-cair","e-farei-cair","e-farei-cair-o","e-fá-los-ei-cair","e-lançou","e-para-cair","farei-cair","fazer-cair","faziam-cair","fiz-cair","os-lança","para-derrubar","para-fazer-cair"]·RU["И-навёл","выроню","и-выбью","и-для-опадания","и-повалю-его","и-повалю-их","и-повергну","и-сбросил","низверг-Я","опущу","оставляли","отвергали","падаю-","повалю","повергнет-их","свалить","уронил","чтобы-повалить","чтобы-повергнуть"]·ES["Haciendo-caer","Y-hizo-caer","dejaban-caer","dejaron-caer","dejó-caer","haré-caer","hice-caer","los-arroje","para-derribar","para-hacer-caer","y-derribó","y-haré-caer","y-lo-derribaré","y-los-haré-caer","y-para-hacer-caer"]·SW["Na-akaangusha","Nimemwangushia","Ulnpl","acha","angalia-kwa-hasira","hawakuangusha","ili-kuangusha","kuangusha","kumwangusha","na-ikatupa","na-nitamwangusha","na-nitauangusha","na-nitawaangusha","na-nitawapiga","ninaaangusha","nitadondosha","nitauangusha","waangukie"]·TR["Sunuyorum-","Ve-düşürdü","bıraktılar","düşürdü","düşürdüm","düşüreceğim","düşürmek","düşürmek-için","düşürsen-onları","düşürürlerdi","sunmak-için","ve-düşürdü","ve-düşüreceğim","ve-düşürmek-için-","ve-düşürürüm-onu","yıkmak-için"]·urd["اور-ڈالی","اور-گرا-دیا","اور-گراؤں-گا-انہیں","اور-گراؤں-گا-اُسے","اور-گراؤں-گا-میں","اور-گرانے-کو","و-میں-گراؤں-گا","چھوڑتے-تھے","ڈالنے-کے-لیے","گرا-دے-اُنہیں","گرا-رہا-ہوں-","گراؤں-گا","گراتے تھے","گرانے-کو","گرانے-کے-لئے","گرایا-میں-نے","گرنے-دیا"]
Gen 2:21, Exod 21:27, Num 5:22, Num 35:23, Deut 25:2, Judg 2:19, 1 Sam 3:19, 1 Sam 18:25, 2 Sam 20:15, 2 Kgs 6:5, 2 Kgs 19:7, 2 Chr 32:21 (+21 more)
3. Hifil: cast lots / throw — Hifil specialized for casting lots or throwing objects: deliberate projective action. Arabic shifts to أَلْقَى (alqā) 'to throw/cast,' distinct from the falling root. 1 Chronicles 24:31, 25:8, 26:13-14 describe Levitical divisions determined by lot-casting. The Spanish 'echaron' (they cast) and Korean '제비를 뽑았다' (cast lots) confirm the semantic shift from falling to throwing. 17×
AR["أَلْقَوْا","أَلْقَى","أَلْقَيْنَا","أَلْقُوا","تُقارِعونَ","تُلْقِي","فَ-أَلْقَوْا","فَأَلْقَوْا","لِنُلْقِيَ","نُلْقِي","وَ-أُلْقِي","وَ‒أَلْقَى","يَلْقُونَ"]·ben["আর-গুলিবাঁট-ফেলল","আর-গুলিবাঁট-ফেললেন","আর-তারা-ফেলল","উপস্থিত-করছি","এবং-উপস্থিত-করছিলাম","এবং-গুলিবাঁট-ফেলি","এবং-ফেলল","ও-ফেলেছিল","গুলিবাঁট-কর","গুলিবাঁট-করেছেন","তারা-গুলি-ছোড়ে","তারা-ফেলল","তোমরা-চিট্কা-গুলি-করবে","ফেললাম","ফেললেন","ফেলো"]·DE["fallen","fiel","und-fallen","und-fiel","warf"]·EN["And-they-cast","and-cast","and-casting","and-let-us-cast","and-they-cast","cast","casting","has-cast","he-cast","they-cast","we-cast","you-cast-lots","you-will-cast"]·FR["et-ils-tomberont","et-tomber","jeta","tomber"]·heb["הפיל","הפילו","הפלנו","ו-הפיל","ו-יפילו","ו-מפיל","ו-נפילה","יפילו","מפילים","תפיל","תפילו"]·HI["उन्होंने-डाला","और-उन्होंने-डालीं","और-गिरा-रहा-था","और-डाले-उन्होंने","और-हम-डालें","गिराते-हैं","गिराते-हो-तुम","डाल","डालते-हैं","डाला","डालीं","डाले-उन्होंने","डालो","हमने-डालीं"]·ID["Jatuhkanlah-undi","akan-engkau-buang","dan-biarlah-kita-membuang","dan-membuang","dan-membuang-undi","dan-menyampaikan","dan-mereka-membuang","dibuang","kalian-melempar-undi","kami-jatuhkan","melemparkan","membuang-undi","mengundi","menyampaikan"]·IT["cadde","cadere","e-cadere","gettò"]·jav["Lan-lotre","bakal-nyelehaken","kula-sadaya-mbucal","lan-mangga-kita-mbucal","lan-mbucal","lan-ngaturi","lotre","mbucal","ngundi","nyun-un","panjenengan-ngguwang","piyambak-ipun-nebak","sami-mbucal","uncalaken-undi"]·KO["그들이-던졌다","그리고-그들이-던졌다","그리고-던졌다","그리고-던졌으니라","그리고-던지자","그리고-떨어뜨리며","너희가-던지고","던졌다","던지나이다","던지라","떨어뜨리나이다","우리가-던졌다","제비를-뽑으라"]·PT["E-lançaram","e-lancemos","e-lançando","e-lançaram","e-lançou","lançai","lançais","lançam","lançamos","lançaram","lançarás","lançou"]·RU["И-бросили","бросаете-жребий","бросают","бросил","бросили","бросишь","бросьте","и-бросал","и-бросили","и-бросим","и-повергающий","повергаем"]·ES["Echad","Y-echaron","echamos","echan","echando","echaron","echarás","echáis-suertes","echó","y-echando","y-echaron","y-echemos","y-echó"]·SW["Na-wakapiga-kura","Puri","alitupa","itupe","mnapiga-kura","na-alipiga","na-kutoa","na-tupige","na-wakapiga","pigeni-kura","tulipiga","tunatoa","walipiga","walipiga-kura","wanapiga"]·TR["Ve-attılar","Ve-kura-attılar","atacaksın","atarlar","atti","attı","attık","attılar","kura-attılar","kura-atın","kura-çekersiniz","sunan","ve-atalım","ve-attı","ve-attılar","ve-sunan"]·urd["اور-اُنہوں-نے-قرعے-ڈالے","اور-ڈالا","اور-ڈالیں","اور-ڈالے","اور-گراتا-تھا","اُنہوں-نے-قرعے-ڈالے","قرعہ-ڈالتے-ہو","ڈال","ڈالا","ڈالتے-ہیں","ڈالو","ڈالے","گراتے-ہیں","ہم-نے-ڈالے"]
1 Sam 14:42, 1 Chr 24:31, 1 Chr 25:8, 1 Chr 26:13, 1 Chr 26:14, Neh 10:34, Neh 11:1, Esth 3:7, Esth 9:24, Job 6:27, Ps 22:18, Prov 1:14 (+5 more)
4. Qal: fall in state / lie fallen (participle) — Qal participle stative: lying fallen, in a state of prostration. Not the event of falling, but the resulting state. Arabic uses active participle سَاقِطٌ (sāqiṭ) 'fallen one.' Numbers 24:4, 16 describe Balaam as one 'fallen down' yet with eyes opened—a visionary posture. Deuteronomy 21:1 addresses a body found 'lying' in the field. 12×
AR["أَدْنى","أَسْقُطُ","السَّاقِطَةَ","ساقِطٌ","سَاقِطٌ","سَاقِطَةٌ","مُلْقًى"]·ben["-পতিত","নিকৃষ্ট","পড়ে-আছ","পড়ে-আছে","পড়ে-ছিল","পড়ে-থাকা","পতিত"]·DE["falling","fiel","gefallen"]·EN["fallen","falling","the-fallen"]·FR["tombant","tomber","tombé"]·heb["ה-נוֹפלת","נופל","נופלת","נפל"]·HI["गिरा-हुआ","गिरा-है","गिरी-हुई","पड़ा-था"]·ID["jatuh","lebih-rendah","rebah","tergeletak","tersungkur"]·IT["cadere","caduto","falling"]·jav["ambruk","andhap","dhawah","kang-dhawah"]·KO["그-무너진","떨어진-자-가","쓰러져-있는","쓰러져있었다","쓰러지는","쓰러진","엎드러져-있었다","엎드려-있느냐"]·PT["a-caída","caindo","caída","caído","inferior"]·RU["лежащий","павший","падаешь","падаю","падающая","падающий","падшую"]·ES["caigo","cayendo","caída","caído","la-caída","soy-inferior","tendido"]·SW["akianguka","ameanguka","amelala","kilichoanguka","si-duni","unaanguka"]·TR["düşen","düşmüş","düşüyorsun"]·urd["-گرے-ہوئے","کم-ہوں","گرا","گرا-ہوا","گرا-ہوا-ہے","گرنے-والا","گری-پڑی"]
5. Qal: desert / defect to enemy — Specialized military sense: to desert, to defect to the enemy. Arabic abandons the fall root entirely, using هَرَبَ (haraba) 'to flee/desert.' 2 Kings 25:11 speaks of deserters who fell away to the Babylonians. Jeremiah 37:13-14 accuses the prophet of defecting, using the participle 'defecting ones' (Spanish 'desertores'). The metaphor: falling away from one's own side to the enemy. 10×
AR["الهَارِبِينَ","الْهَارِبِينَ","هَارِبًا","هَارِبٌ","هَرَبُوا","وَ-سَقَطَ"]·ben["-যারা-পলায়ন-করেছিল","ও-পড়ে","পড়েছিল","পলায়ন-করেছিল","পলায়নকারীদের","পালিয়ে-গিয়েছে","পালিয়ে-যাচ্ছ","পালিয়ে-যাচ্ছি","যারা-পড়েছিল"]·DE["der-deserters","deserted","fallen","fiel","sie-fielen","und-fiel"]·EN["and-falling","defected","defecting","deserted","had-deserted","the-deserters"]·FR["deserted","et-tomber","le-deserters","tomber"]·heb["ה-נופלים","ו-נפל","נופל","נפלו"]·HI["और-गिरता-है","जो-भागे-थे","भाग-गए","भाग-गए-थे","भाग-रहा","भाग-रहा-है","भागे","भागेड़ू","ह-भागे-हुए"]·ID["aku-membelot","dan-menyerah","membelot","menyeberang","para-pembelot","pembelot-pembelot","yang-menyeberang"]·IT["cadde","cadere","deserted","e-cadde","essi-caddero","il-deserters"]·jav["ingkang-minggat","ingkang-semplah","lan-dhawah","mbelot","minggat","para-ingkang-mbelot","sami-mbelot","semplah"]·KO["그-탈주한-자들을","그리고-항복하여","넘어가는-자가","넘어가는-자이다","넘어간","넘어간-자들을","탈주하였다","투항한","투항한-자들을"]·PT["desertando","desertaram","e-cai","os-desertores"]·RU["и-перебегающий","перебегаешь","перебегаю","перебежали","перебежчиков"]·ES["desertando","desertaron","los-desertores","y-caiga"]·SW["kuenda","na-kusalimu","unaenda","walienda","walijisalimisha","waliojisalimisha","waliojitolea","waliokimbia","waliukimbilia","wamekwenda"]·TR["dustuler","kaybolan","kaçakları","kaçanları-","kaçtılar","kaçıyorsun","kaçıyorum","ve-düşen"]·urd["-بھاگنے-والوں","اور-گرے-گا","بھاگ-جانے-والے","بھاگ-رہا-ہوں","بھاگ-رہا-ہے","بھاگ-گئے","بھاگ-گئے-تھے","بھاگنے-والوں","بھاگے-تھے","گر-گئے"]
6. Hifil: allot / divide land by lot — Hifil for allotting or dividing land by lot. Arabic uses أَقْسِمْ (aqsim) 'divide!' from the root قسم 'to apportion.' Joshua 13:6 ('I will allot it to Israel') and 23:4 describe the conquest distribution. Psalm 78:55 recalls how God 'allotted them' the land of nations—divine lot-casting determining tribal inheritance. 7×
AR["أَقْسِمْها","أَلْقَيْتُ","تَقْطَعُونَ","تُلْقُونَ","تُلْقُونَهَا","وَ-عِنْدَ-إِلْقَائِكُمْ","وَأَسْقَطَهَا"]·ben["এবং-তিনি-তাদেরকে-পড়তে-দিয়েছিলেন","এবং-যখন-তোমরা-ভাগ-করবে","তোমরা-গুলিবাঁট-করবে","ফেলে-দেবে","বণ্টন-করেছি","ভাগ-কর"]·DE["du-soll-fiel","fallen","ich-haben-teilte-zu","teilen-es","und-fallen","und-fiel"]·EN["I-have-allotted","and-he-allotted-them","and-when-you-divide","divide-it","you-shall-allot","you-shall-fell"]·FR["diviser-il","et-tomber","je-avoir-attribua","tomber","tu-devra-tomba"]·heb["הפלה","הפלתי","ו-ב-הפילכם","ו-יפילם","תפילו"]·HI["और-बाँट-दीं","और-बाँटने-पर-तुम्हारे","गिराओगे","चिट्ठी-डालोगे","बाँटा-है-मैंने","बांट"]·ID["aku-membagikan","bagikanlah","dan-Dia-menempatkan-mereka-dengan-undian","dan-ketika-kamu-membuang-undi","kamu-akan-tumbangkan","kamu-melemparkan-undi","kamu-membuang-undi"]·IT["cadere","dividere-esso","e-cadde","e-cadere","io-avere-assegnò","tu-dovrà-cadde"]·jav["Lan-nalika-sami-mbagi","andum","kula-sampun-mbagi","panjenengan-badhe-nebang","saha-Panjenengan-sampun-mbagi-tiyang-tiyang","sami-mbagi-undi"]·KO["그리고-에-너희가-나누는-것에","나누셨나이다-그들-을","나누어라-그것을","나누었다","나눌-것이다","넘어뜨리겠다-너희-가"]·PT["E-ao-lançardes","derrubareis","e-repartiu-lhes","fiz-cair-em-sorte","lançareis","reparte-a"]·RU["и-когда-будете-делить-вы","и-разделил-Он-им","раздели-её","разделил-я","разделите-по-жребию","срубите"]·ES["Y-al-repartir-vosotros","derribaréis","hice-caer","la-repartiréis-por-suertes","repartiréis-por-suertes","repártela","y-las-repartió"]·SW["Mtakapogawa","mtaigawanya-kwa-kura","mtairusha-kwa-kura","mtauangusha","na-akawagawia","nimewagawia","waigawanye"]·TR["dağıt","devrileceksiniz","kura-atarak-böleceksiniz","paylaştırdım","ve-böldüğünüzde","ve-paylaştırdı"]·urd["اور-جب-ڈالو-تم","اور-گرایا-اُنہیں","بانٹا-ہم-نے","تقسیم-کر","قرعہ-ڈالو-گے-تم","گرا-دو-گے"]
7. Qal: fall upon / attack — Qal sense of falling upon someone hostilely: to attack, to raid. Arabic sometimes shifts to وَقَعَ (waqaʿa) 'to fall upon/befall,' distinct from simple falling. 2 Samuel 17:9 warns that Absalom will 'fall upon' David's troops. Job 4:13, 33:15 describe visions falling upon one in deep sleep—an overwhelming, almost invasive arrival. 5×
AR["بِ-سُقوطِ","بِ-سُقُوطِ","عِنْدَ-سُقوطِ","عِنْدَمَا-تَسْقُطُ","كَ-سُقوطِ"]·ben["-পতনে","পড়ার-সময়ে","পতনে-","যখন-পড়বে"]·DE["in-fiel","wann-falle"]·EN["in-the-falling-of","when-fall","when-falls"]·FR["dans-tomber","quand-tombe","tomber"]·heb["ב-נפול","כ-נפול"]·HI["गिरने-पर","गिरने-में","जैसे-गिरेंगे","में-गिरने"]·ID["Ketika-jatuh","ketika-jatuh"]·IT["in-cadde","in-cadere","quando-cadi"]·jav["ing-dhawah-saking","nalika-ambruk","nalika-dhawah"]·KO["-때에-떨어질","넘어질-때에","때-에-떨어진다","에-쓰러질-때에","처음에-쓰러지면"]·PT["Na-queda-de","ao-cair","ao-cair-de","no-cair-de","quando-cair"]·RU["когда-падает","когда-падут","при-падении"]·ES["Al-caer","al-caer","cuando-cae","cuando-caigan"]·SW["katika-kuanguka-kwa","usingizi-mzito","wakati-inaanguka","wakati-wa-kuanguka"]·TR["dustugunde","düşmesi-gibi","düştüğünde"]·urd["جب-گرتی-ہے","جیسے-گرنا","گرنے میں","گرنے-پر"]
8. Hitpael: prostrate oneself / fall down in worship — Hitpael reflexive: deliberate self-prostration in worship or reverence. Not accidental falling, but intentional throwing oneself down. Arabic includes سَاجِدًا (sājidan) 'prostrating in worship.' Deuteronomy 9:18, 25 have Moses prostrating himself before the LORD for forty days. Ezra 10:1 shows Ezra falling down in prayer. The reflexive morphology signals agency. 5×
AR["سَقَطْتُ","وَ-سَاجِدًا","وَ-لِ-يَقَعَ","وَسَقَطْتُ"]·ben["আমি-পড়ে-গিয়েছিলাম","আর-আক্রমণ-করতে","আর-নত-হতে","এবং-আমি-পড়ে-গেলাম"]·DE["ich-fiel-hinab","und-fiel","und-ich-fiel-hinab","und-um-herzufallen"]·EN["I-fell-down","and-I-fell-down","and-falling-down","and-to-fall-upon"]·FR["et-je-tomba-en-bas","et-tomber","et-à-tomber-sur","je-tomba-en-bas"]·heb["התנפלתי","ו-אתנפל","ו-ל-התנפל","ו-מתנפל"]·HI["और-गिरते-हुए","और-गिरा-मैं","और-हमला-करने","गिरा-मैं"]·ID["Dan-aku-tersungkur","aku-tersungkur","dan-sujud","dan-untuk-menerkam"]·IT["e-a-cadere-sopra","e-cadere","e-io-cadde-giu","io-cadde-giu"]·jav["Lan-kawula-nyungkemi","kawula-nyungkemi","lan-kangge-nyerang","lan-sujud"]·KO["그리고-덜치려고","그리고-엎드렸도다-내가","그리고-엎드리며","엎드렸도다-내가"]·PT["E-prostrei-me","e-lançando-se","e-para-cair-sobre","prostrei-me"]·RU["И-пал-я-ниц","и-напасть","и-падая-ниц","падал-ниц-я"]·ES["Y-me-postré","me-postré","y-para-caer","y-postrándose"]·SW["Na-nikajiangusha","hapa","na-akijianguka","nilijiangusha"]·TR["kapandım","ve-düşmek-için","ve-kapandım","ve-yere-kapanirken"]·urd["اور-گرا-میں","اور-گرتے-ہوئے","اور-گرنے","گرا-میں"]
9. Qal: dismount / descend — Specialized sense: to dismount, to descend from a mount. Arabic uses نَزَلَ (nazala) 'to descend/dismount,' confirming a distinct semantic field from accidental falling. Genesis 24:64 has Rebekah dismounting from her camel upon seeing Isaac. 2 Kings 5:21 shows Gehazi getting down from his position—controlled descent, not collapse. 2×
AR["فَسَقَطَتْ","فَنَزَلَ"]·ben["এবং-নামল","এবং-নেমে-পড়ল"]·DE["und-er-fiel","und-fiel"]·EN["and-he-fell","and-she-dismounted"]·FR["et-elle-dismounted","et-il-tomba"]·heb["ו-יפול","ו-תפל"]·HI["और-उतरा","और-उतरी"]·ID["dan-ia-turun","dan-turun"]·IT["e-egli-cadde","e-ella-dismounted"]·jav["Lan-medhak","lan-mandhap"]·KO["그리고-내렸다","그리고-떨어졌다"]·PT["E-desceu","e-caiu"]·RU["и-сошла","и-спрыгнул"]·ES["y-cayó","y-se-bajó"]·SW["na-akashuka"]·TR["ve-dustu","ve-düştü"]·urd["اور-اتری","اور-اُترا"]
10. Hifil: let fall / drop / neglect — Hifil sense of letting fall, dropping, or neglecting. Arabic shifts to تُهْمِلْ (tuhmil) 'to neglect' from root همل, a completely different semantic domain. Proverbs 19:15 warns that slothfulness causes one to 'let fall' into hunger. Esther 6:10 commands Haman to 'let nothing fall' (neglect nothing) of his task. 2×
AR["تُهْمِلْ","يُلْقي"]·ben["নামিয়ে-দেয়","ফেল"]·DE["fiel"]·EN["casts-into","let-fall"]·FR["tomber"]·heb["תפיל","תפל"]·HI["गिराती-है","छोड़ना"]·ID["jatuhkan","menjatuhkan"]·IT["cadere"]·jav["kirang","ndadosaken"]·KO["떨어뜨리느니라","빠뜨리지"]·PT["deixes-cair","lança"]·RU["наводит","опусти"]·ES["dejes-caer","hace-caer"]·SW["neno","unaleta"]·TR["düşürür","eksik-bırak"]·urd["گرا-دیتی-ہے","گرنے-دو"]
11. sense 11 — Unclear sense, appearing once in 2 Kings 3:25 with the verb 'they felled' (derribaron). Possibly a specialized military term for cutting down or demolishing, but the evidence is singular. 1×
AR["يَقْطَعُونَ"]·ben["ফেলে-দেবে"]·DE["sie-felled"]·EN["they-felled"]·FR["ils-felled"]·heb["יפילו"]·HI["गिराए"]·ID["mereka-tumbangkan"]·IT["essi-felled"]·jav["dipuntebang"]·KO["넘어뜨렸다"]·PT["derrubaram"]·RU["срубили"]·ES["derribaron"]·SW["wakauangusha"]·TR["devirecekler"]·urd["گراتے-تھے"]
13. sense 13 — Unclear sense, appearing once in Ezekiel 47:22 where foreigners 'shall have allotment' or 'shall fall' as inheritance (caerán). Likely related to sense 6 (allotment by lot), but the syntax is unusual. 1×
AR["يُلْقَوْنَ"]·ben["তারা-গুলিবাঁট-করবে"]·DE["fallen"]·EN["they-shall-have-allotment"]·FR["ils-tomberont"]·heb["יפלו"]·HI["गिरेंगे"]·ID["mereka-jatuh"]·IT["cadere"]·jav["sami-mbagi-undi"]·KO["떨어질-것이다"]·PT["cairão"]·RU["получат-по-жребию"]·ES["caerán"]·SW["watarithi"]·TR["kura-atıp-düşecekler"]·urd["پڑیں-گے"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
נָפַל433 vb. fall, lie (NH = BH, 𝔗 נְפַל, Syriac ܢܦܰܠ; cf. also Arabic نَفَلَ dedit praedam (NöZMG xl (1886), 725 Frä 153 f.), Min. נפל remove Hom Südar. Chrest. 128);— Qal366 Pf. נ׳ Ju 5:27 +, 3 fs. נָֽפְלָה Gn 15:12 +, etc.; Impf. יִפֹּל 1 S 14:45 +, וַיִּפֹּל Ju 4:16 +; 1 s. אֶפֹּל 1 Ch 21:13 (needless change from 1 pl. נִפְּלָה ‖ 2 S 24:14 We Dr); 3 mpl. יִפְּלוּ Ho 7:16 +, יִפֹּ֑לוּ Is 3:25…