H3971b H3971b
Blemish, defect, physical flaw — esp. in priestly and sacrificial regulations
A noun denoting a physical blemish, defect, or flaw. It appears overwhelmingly in Levitical legislation, where it disqualifies priests from temple service (Lev 21:17–23) and renders animals unfit for sacrifice (Lev 22:20–25; Deut 15:21; 17:1). Beyond the cultic sphere, the word describes the flawless beauty of Absalom (2 Sam 14:25) and the beloved in Song of Songs 4:7. It extends figuratively to moral defect in Deuteronomy 32:5 and Job 11:15. Spanish 'defecto' and French 'défaut' reflect the same dual physical-moral range found in the Hebrew.
Senses
1. blemish, defect — A physical defect, flaw, or blemish that renders a person or animal ritually unfit. Used chiefly in Priestly and Holiness legislation to disqualify blemished priests from approaching the altar (Lev 21:17–23) and imperfect animals from sacrifice (Lev 22:20–25; Num 19:2; Deut 15:21). Also describes the absence of blemish as ideal beauty (2 Sam 14:25; Song 4:7), and extends metaphorically to moral shame (Deut 32:5; Job 11:15). Spanish 'defecto' and French 'défaut' preserve this same physical-to-moral breadth. 19×
AR["بِلا-عَيْبٍ", "عَيبٌ", "عَيْبًا", "عَيْبٌ", "عَيْبٍ", "عَيْبَهُ", "عَيْبُهُمْ", "وُ-مُوم"]·ben["এবং-খুঁত", "ক্ষত", "খুঁত", "তাদের-কলঙ্ক", "তার-কলঙ্ক", "দাগ-থেকে", "দোষ"]·DE["[ומום]", "[מומו]", "[ממום]", "blemish", "ein-blemish", "ihr-blemish"]·EN["a-blemish", "and-blemish", "blemish", "his-blemish", "their-blemish", "without-blemish"]·FR["de-ממום", "défaut", "et-défaut", "leur-défaut", "son-מומו-lui", "un-blemish", "un-défaut"]·heb["ו-מום", "מ-מום", "מום", "מומו", "מומם"]·HI["उनका-दोष", "और-दोष", "दाग-उसका", "दोष", "दोष-से"]·ID["cacat", "cela-mereka", "celanya", "dan-cacat", "dari-cacat"]·IT["da-without-blemish", "difetto", "e-e-blemish", "loro-difetto", "suo-blemish-suo", "un-blemish", "un-difetto"]·jav["cacad", "cacadipun", "cacat", "lan-cacad", "tanpa-cacad"]·KO["결점", "그-의-흠-을", "그들의-흘을", "그리고-흠", "흘-없이", "흠", "흠-이", "흠이"]·PT["defeito", "defeito-dele", "e-defeito", "sem-defeito", "seu-defeito"]·RU["без-порока", "и-порока", "изъяна", "порок", "порок-его", "порок-их", "порока"]·ES["defecto", "defecto-de-él", "hay-defecto", "sin-mancha,", "su-mancha", "y-defecto"]·SW["bila-dosari", "dosari", "dosari-yake", "kasoro", "kasoro-yao", "kilema", "na-dosari"]·TR["kusur", "kusursuz", "kusuru-onun", "lekesi-onların", "ve-leke"]·urd["اور-عیب", "اُن-کا-داغ", "داغ-اپنا", "عیب", "عیب-سے"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† מוּם n.m. Lv 21:17 (= foregoing; quiesc. א om.) (NH id.; Aramaic מוּמָא, ܡܽܘܡܳܐ );—abs. מ׳ Lv 21:17 + 16 times; sf. מוּמוֹ Pr 9:7; מוּמָם Dt 32:5;—blemish, defect (chiefly H): 1. physical, a. in man, as excluding from priestly service, Lv 21:17, 18, 21(×2), 23; disfiguring man 2 S 14:25, woman Ct 4:7; (in all היה מ׳ בְּ); as caused by man upon man Lv 24:19, 20. b. in beast (ref. to sacrifice)…