This gentelic adjective identifies people associated with Carmel. Most references point to Carmel in Judah's hill country (not Mount Carmel), the hometown of Nabal and later his widow Abigail, who became David's wife. The masculine form describes Nabal and David's warrior Hezro; the feminine describes Abigail. The textual variant in 1 Samuel 27:3 (where some manuscripts have the feminine form for Abigail) shows scribal attention to grammatical gender. The designation rooted these figures geographically, connecting them to a specific Judean town.