H3658 H3658
lyre, harp — the kinnor, a portable stringed instrument used in worship, celebration, and lament
The kinnor is the most frequently named musical instrument in the Hebrew Bible, appearing 42 times from Genesis through Chronicles. It enters Scripture with Jubal, 'father of all who play the kinnor and ugav' (Gen 4:21), establishing stringed music as a primal human art. David's skill on the kinnor relieved Saul's troubled spirit (1 Sam 16:16, 23), and the instrument became central to temple worship (1 Chr 15:16; 2 Chr 5:12). Yet it also voices grief: 'my lyre is turned to mourning' (Job 30:31), and the exiles hung their kinnoroth on willows by Babylon's rivers (Ps 137:2). The name passed into Greek as kinyra, attesting its international renown.
Senses
1. lyre, harp (stringed instrument) — A portable stringed instrument spanning the full range of Israelite musical life — pastoral celebration (Gen 31:27), prophetic ecstasy (1 Sam 10:5), temple worship (2 Chr 29:25), and lamentation (Job 30:31; Ps 137:2). Often paired with ugav ('pipe'), tof ('tambourine'), and nevel ('psaltery'). French 'harpe,' German 'Zither,' Spanish 'lira' reflect uncertainty about its exact form; iconography suggests a portable lyre. 42×
AR["بِ-العودِ", "بِ-الكِنّارَةِ", "بِ-الْكِنَّارَةِ", "بِالْكَنَّارَةِ", "بِالْكِنَّارَةِ", "بِـ-العُودِ", "بِـكِنّارَة", "عَلَى-الْعُودِ", "وَ-العود", "وَ-الْكِنَّارَةِ", "وَ-بِ-عِيدَانٍ", "وَ-بِ-كِنَّارَاتٍ", "وَ-بِ-كِنّاراتٍ", "وَ-بِـ-عِيدَانٍ", "وَ-يا-عودُ", "وَبِ-كِنَّارَاتٍ", "وَعُودٍ"]·ben["আর-বাদ্যযন্ত্রে", "আর-বীণাগুলো", "এবং-বীণা", "এবং-বীণায়", "ও-কিন্নরে", "ও-বিনায়", "ও-বীণা", "ও-বীণায়", "দ্বারা-বীণা", "নেবল", "বীণা", "বীণায়", "সেই-বীণায়"]·DE["[ובכנרות]", "der-Zither", "mit-der-Harfe", "und-Harfe"]·EN["and-lyre", "and-lyres", "and-with-lyres", "harp", "with-the-lyre"]·FR["dans-harpe", "et-harpe", "harp"]·heb["ב-כינור", "ו-ב-כינור", "ו-ב-כינורות", "ו-כינור", "כנור"]·HI["और-किन्नोर", "और-वीणा", "और-वीणाओं-के", "और-वीणाओं-से", "और-वीणाओंसे", "और-से-वीणा", "में-वीणा", "वीणा", "वीणा-पर", "वीणा-से", "से-वीणा"]·ID["dan-dengan-kecapi", "dan-dengan-kecapi-kecapi", "dan-kecapi", "dengan-gambus", "dengan-kecapi", "kecapi"]·IT["con-la-cetra", "e-arpa", "e-cetra", "harp"]·jav["ing-kecapi", "kalayan-clempung", "kanthi-kecapi", "kecapi", "lan", "lan-clempung", "lan-gambus", "lan-kaliyan-clempung", "lan-kecapi", "lan-klawan-clempung", "mawi-clempung", "mawi-kecapi", "tetep"]·KO["-수금-으로", "그-와-에-수금들", "그리고-로-수금들과", "그리고-비파로", "그리고-수금", "그리고-수금들", "그리고-수금들-에", "그리고-수금들로", "그리고-수금이여", "그리고-에-수금으로", "수금", "수금-으로", "에-비파로"]·PT["com-a-harpa", "com-harpa", "com-lira", "e-com-harpas", "e-com-liras", "e-harpa", "e-lira", "harpa"]·RU["и-арфа", "и-гусли", "и-гуслях", "и-на-киннорах", "и-на-лирах", "и-с-киннорами", "и-с-кинорами", "и-с-лирами", "и-с-цитрами", "на-гуслях", "на-кинноре", "на-киноре"]·ES["con-arpa", "con-lira", "lira", "y-arpa", "y-con-arpas", "y-lira"]·SW["kinubi", "kwa-kinanda", "kwa-kinubi", "na-kinanda", "na-kinubi", "na-kwa-vinanda", "na-kwa-vinubi", "na-vinanda", "na-vinubi", "na-zeze"]·TR["-lir-ile", "lir", "lir-ile", "lirle", "ve-harplarla", "ve-lir", "ve-lirle", "ve-lirler", "ve-lirlerle", "ve-santurla"]·urd["-بربط-سے", "اور-بربط-سے", "اور-بربطوں-سے", "اور-بِن", "اور-سارنگی-سے", "اور-سارنگیوں-سے", "اور-ستار-سے", "اور-ستاروں-سے", "اور-سرودوں-کے-ساتھ", "اور-کنارے", "بربط", "بربط-سے", "بِ-بربط", "بِ-بربط-سے", "بِن-باجے", "بِن-باجے-سے", "وَ-چَنگ"]
Gen 4:21, Gen 31:27, 1 Sam 10:5, 1 Sam 16:16, 1 Sam 16:23, 2 Sam 6:5, 1 Kgs 10:12, 1 Chr 13:8, 1 Chr 15:16, 1 Chr 15:21, 1 Chr 15:28, 1 Chr 16:5 (+30 more)
Related Senses
H2719 1. sword, weapon of war (410×)H4196 1. altar (place of sacrifice) (403×)H7393 1. chariot, chariotry (117×)H7198 1. bow (weapon) (72×)H7979 1. table (71×)H7782 1. ram's horn trumpet (69×)H4294 2. staff, rod, scepter (63×)H4043 1. shield, defensive weapon (60×)H0646 1. ephod (priestly garment) (49×)H8504 1. blue (violet-blue yarn/fabric) (49×)H2595 1. spear, lance (48×)H2671 1. arrow, projectile weapon (46×)H4818 1. chariot, war-chariot (44×)H1537 1. Gilgal (place name) (41×)H0713 1. purple (fabric/dye) (38×)H0905 3. poles, staves (37×)H7392 1. Qal participle: rider, charioteer (37×)H4501 1. cultic lampstand (menorah) (36×)H0212 1. wheel (35×)H7626 2. rod, staff, stick (33×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† כִּנּוֹר n.m. ψ 81:3 lyre (on formation cf. LagBN 89, Anm.; NH id.; Aramaic כִּנָּרָא, ܟܶܢܳܪܳܐ; Mand. כינאר(א) NöM § 104 (who questions Shemitic origin); Arabic كِنَارٌ, كَنَّارَةٌ; as loan-word in Hellen. Gk. κινύρα (𝔊 and Joseph); in Egyptian kn-an-aul according to Bondi79)—abs. כ׳ Gn 4:21 +; sf. כִּנֹּרִי Jb 30:31; pl. כִּנֹּרוֹת 1 K 10:12 +; sf. כִּנּוֹרַיִךְ Ez 26:13, כִּנֹּרוֹתֵינוּ ψ…