H2645 H2645
To cover (the head, in grief or shame); to overlay or panel (a surface with gold or wood)
The verb ḥāpāh means 'to cover,' with its two main senses distinguished by verbal stem. In the Qal, it describes covering the head as an expression of grief, shame, or death-sentence — David ascending the Mount of Olives barefoot with his head covered (2 Sam 15:30), farmers covering their heads during drought (Jer 14:3–4), and Haman led away with covered head after his downfall (Esth 6:12; 7:8). In the Piel (intensive), the word shifts to a construction term: overlaying or paneling surfaces with gold, as in the Chronicler's detailed account of Solomon's temple where walls, beams, and the Most Holy Place are overlaid with fine gold (2 Chr 3:5–9). The Niphal participle appears once describing the silver-covered wings of a dove (Ps 68:13).
Senses
1. cover or be covered — To cover or be covered, especially covering the head as a sign of grief, mourning, shame, or condemnation. In the Qal stem, the head (rōʾš) is the typical object: David and his followers cover their heads while fleeing Absalom (2 Sam 15:30), and Jeremiah describes drought-stricken farmers with covered heads (Jer 14:3–4). Esther 6:12 and 7:8 use the participle ḥăpūy rōʾš for Haman's disgrace and doom. Spanish 'cubrieron/cubierta' and the Niphal in Psalm 68:13 — dove wings 'covered' with silver — round out the passive and stative uses. 7×
AR["غَطَّوا","غَطَّوْا","غُطِّيَ","مُغَشّاةٌ","مُغَطّىً","وَ-غَطَّوْا","وَ-مُغَطَّى"]·ben["আচ্ছাদিত","ও-ঢাকা","ও-ঢাকা-দিয়েছে-তারা","ঢাকা","ঢাকা-দিয়েছে-তারা","ঢাকা-হল","ঢেকেছিল"]·DE["[וחפו]","[וחפוי]","[חפו]","bedeckt","bedeckte"]·EN["and-cover","and-covered","covered","they-cover","was-covered"]·FR["[וחפו]","[וחפוי]","[חפו]","couvrir","couvrit"]·heb["ו-חפו","ו-חפוי","חפו","חפוי","נחפה"]·HI["और-ढके-हुए","और-ढांका","ढक-दिया-उन्होंने","ढका-हुआ","ढके","ढांका"]·ID["dan-menutup","dan-tertutup","dilapisi","ditutupi","menutup","menutupi","tertutup"]·IT["[וחפו]","[חפו]","[נחפה]","coprire","coprì","e-coprire"]·jav["dipun-tutupi","dipuntutupi","katutupi","lan-katutupi","lan-nutup","nutup"]·KO["그리고-가리운","그리고-덮었다","덮었다","덮여지고","덮였다","덮인"]·PT["coberta","cobertas","cobriram","e-coberta","e-cobriram","foi-coberta"]·RU["и-покрыли","и-покрытый","покрывший","покрыли","покрыта","покрыты"]·ES["cubierta","cubiertas","cubrieron","fue-cubierto","y-cubierto","y-cubrieron"]·SW["kimefunikwa","na-amefunika","na-kufunika","wa-Hamani","wakifunika","wamefunika","yamefunikwa"]·TR["ve-örttüler","ve-örtülü","örttüler","örtüldü","örtülü"]·urd["اور-ڈھانپے","اور-ڈھکا-ہوا","منڈے-ہوئے","ڈھانپے","ڈھانکا-گیا","ڈھانکتے-تھے","ڈھکا-تھا"]
2. overlay or panel — To overlay or panel a surface with a material, used exclusively in the Piel stem for temple construction. The Chronicler describes Solomon overlaying (wayeḥap) the main hall with cypress and then with fine gold (2 Chr 3:5), and similarly the inner sanctuary, beams, thresholds, walls, and doors (2 Chr 3:7–9). Spanish 'cubrió/y-la-cubrió' and the repeated pattern of double accusative (surface + material) distinguish this architectural sense from the grief-covering Qal usage. 5×
AR["غَشَّاهَا","غَشَّاهُ","وَ-غَشَّاهُ","وَ-غَشَّى"]·ben["আর-মুড়ে-দিলেন","আর-মুড়ে-দিলেন-এটিকে","ঢেকে-দিলেন","মুড়ে-দিলেন"]·DE["[ויחף]","[ויחפהו]","[חפה]"]·EN["and-he-overlaid","and-he-overlaid-it","he-overlaid","he-paneled"]·FR["[ויחף]","[ויחפהו]","[חפה]"]·heb["ו-יחף","ו-יחפהו-ו","חפה"]·HI["और-मढ़ाया","और-मढ़ाया-उसे","मढ़ाई","मढ़ाया"]·ID["dan-dilapisi","dan-dilapisinya","dilapisi"]·IT["coprire","e-coprire"]·jav["Lan-dipunlapis","dipunlapis","lan-dipunlapis"]·KO["그리고-덮었다","그리고-덮었다-그것-을","덮었다"]·PT["E-cobriu","cobriu","e-cobriu-a"]·RU["и-покрыл","и-покрыл-его","покрыл"]·ES["Y-cubrió","cubrió","y-la-cubrió"]·SW["aliifunika","alivifunika","na-akaifunika","na-akaipaka"]·TR["Ve-kapladı","kapladı","ve-kapladı-onu"]·urd["اور-منڑھا","اور-منڑھا-اُسے","جڑا","منڑھا"]
Related Senses
H5921a 1. upon, on, over (spatial) (5443×)H0413 1. directional: to, toward (5366×)H1121a 1. son, male offspring, descendant (4914×)H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)H4428 1. king, human ruler (2518×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)H6440 1. before, in front of (spatial) (1870×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H3027 1. physical hand (body part) (1596×)H1697 1. word, speech, utterance (1235×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [חָפָה] vb. cover (NH id., especially Pi.; Aramaic חֲפָא, ܚܦܳܐ (especially Pa.); Arabic خَفِىَ be hidden, خَفَى hide)— Qal Pf. חָפוּ 2 S 15:30 + 3 times; Pt. חָפוּי 2 S 15:30; cstr. חֲפוּי Est 6:12;—cover the head (רֹאשׁ), in token of grief 2 S 15:30 Je 14:3, 4; pt. agrees with ר׳ 2 S 15:30; חֲפוּי רֹאשׁ (‖ אָבֵל) Est 6:12; in token of sentence of death Est 7:8. Niph. Pt. f. נֶחְפָּה ψ 68:14…