H2438 H2438
Hiram — king of Tyre allied with David and Solomon; also a master craftsman; also a Benjamite
Chiram (also spelled Churam, Hirom) is a proper name appearing 25 times with variant orthography across Samuel, Kings, and Chronicles. The most prominent bearer is Hiram king of Tyre, the Phoenician monarch who supplied cedar, cypress timber, and skilled labor for David's palace (2 Sam 5:11) and then for Solomon's Temple and royal complex (1 Kgs 5:1-12; 9:11-14; 10:11, 22). His alliance with Israel represents one of the great international partnerships of the united monarchy. A second Hiram is the bronze-working artisan of mixed Tyrian-Israelite parentage whom King Hiram dispatched to Solomon — the master craftsman who cast the twin pillars Jachin and Boaz and the molten sea (1 Kgs 7:13-45; 2 Chr 2:12; 4:11-16). Chronicles also lists a third, otherwise unknown Hiram among the sons of Benjamin (1 Chr 8:5). German and French retain 'Hiram'; Spanish varies between 'Hiram' and 'Jiram.'
Senses
1. Hiram (proper name) — A Phoenician proper name borne by three distinct biblical figures. Most prominently, Hiram king of Tyre, the ally who furnished Solomon with Lebanese timber, gold, and maritime expertise for the Temple and palace (2 Sam 5:11; 1 Kgs 5:1-12; 9:11-14; 10:22). Secondarily, a half-Tyrian bronze artisan sent by the king to cast the Temple's great metalwork — pillars, sea, and lavers (1 Kgs 7:13-45; 2 Chr 4:11-16). A third Hiram appears briefly as a Benjamite in 1 Chr 8:5. The LXX renders the name Chiram/Cheiram. 25×
AR["حِيرَام", "حِيرَامَ", "حِيرَامُ", "لِـ-حِيرَام"]·ben["-কে-হীরমকে", "শুনল", "সমস্ত", "হীরম", "হীরমের", "হীরাম"]·DE["Hiram", "zu-Hiram"]·EN["Hiram", "to-Hiram"]·FR["Hiram", "à-Hiram"]·heb["חִירָם", "חירום", "חירם", "ל-חירם"]·HI["हीराम", "हीराम-का", "हीराम-के", "हीराम-को", "हीराम-ने", "हीरोम", "हीरोम-के"]·ID["Hiram", "kepada-Hiram"]·IT["Chiram", "a-Chiram"]·jav["Hiram", "dhumateng-Hiram"]·KO["히람", "히람과", "히람에게", "히람을", "히람의", "히람이"]·PT["Chiram", "Chirom", "Hiram", "a-Hiram"]·RU["Хирам", "Хирама", "Хирамом", "Хираму"]·ES["Hiram", "Jiram", "a-Jiram"]·SW["Hiramu", "Sulemani", "akimpa", "akisema", "ambayo", "kutoka-Tiro", "maneno"]·TR["Hiram", "Hiram'a", "Hiram'ı", "Hiram'ın"]·urd["حیرام", "حیرام نے", "حیرام-نے", "حیرام-کا", "حیرام-کو", "حیرام-کے"]
2 Sam 5:11, 1 Kgs 5:1, 1 Kgs 5:1, 1 Kgs 5:2, 1 Kgs 5:7, 1 Kgs 5:8, 1 Kgs 5:10, 1 Kgs 5:11, 1 Kgs 5:11, 1 Kgs 5:12, 1 Kgs 5:18, 1 Kgs 7:13 (+13 more)
Related Senses
G3588 1. definite article (18298×)H0853 1. definite direct object marker (10915×)G2532 1. (8312×)H3068 1. YHWH (the divine name) (6522×)H0834a 1. relative pronoun (who/which/that) (4839×)H3588a 1. causal: because, for (3498×)G1161 1. and (2806×)H3478 1. Israel (proper name and nation) (2507×)G4771 1. you (plural address) (1853×)H1931 1. personal pronoun he/she/it (1431×)G3739 1. relative pronoun who/which/that (1149×)H1732 1. David (proper name) (1075×)H2088 1. this, this one (demonstrative) (1059×)G1063 1. (1047×)G3778 1. this thing, these things (1003×)H???? 2. (1002×)G2424 1. (924×)G3754 1. that (content clause) (881×)H2009 1. presentative particle: behold, look (881×)H0589 1. I (first person singular pronoun) (874×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† חִירָם n.pr.m. Hiram (Ph. חרם; abbr. from foregoing)—ח׳ 2 S 5:11 + 18 times 1 K + Kt 1 Ch 14:1 2 Ch 4:11; 9:10 (all Qr חוּרָם); חִירוֹם 1 K 5:24, 32; 7:40; also חוּרָם 1 Ch 8:5 + 9 times Ch.— 1. king of Tyre, contemp. of David & Solomon 2 S 5:11 1 K 5:15(×2), 16, 21, 22, 24, 25(×2), 26, 32; 9:11(×2), 12, 14, 27; 10:11, 22 1 Ch 14:1 2 Ch 2:2, 10, 11; 8:2, 18; 9:10, 21. 2. an artificer of Tyre, sent by Hiram the king 1 K 7:13, 40(×2), 45 2 Ch 2:12; 4:11(×2), 16. 3. a Benjamite 1 Ch 8:5.