Senses
1. elder, community leader — Substantive use of זָקֵן denoting a civic or tribal leader, member of a ruling council, or community authority figure, typically in construct chains ('elders of Israel/the city') or with possessive suffixes; Arabic شُيُوخ (shuyūkh) confirms the institutional-authority sense, Korean consistently renders 장로 (jangno, presbyter/elder), and Swahili wazee in construct patterns marks communal leadership rather than mere age. 139×
AR["شُيُوخَ","شُيُوخُ","شُيُوخِ"]·ben["প্রাচীনগণ-","প্রাচীনদের","প্রাচীনরা","প্রাচীনেরা","বৃদ্ধেরা"]·DE["Aelteste-von","die-Ältesten","elders-von","Ältesten"]·EN["elders-of"]·FR["anciens-de"]·heb["זקן","זקני"]·HI["पुरनिए","पुरनिये","पुरनियों","प्राचीन","प्राचीनों","बुज़ुरगõ","बुजुर्ग"]·ID["para-tua-tua","tua-tua"]·IT["anziani-di"]·jav["para-pinisepuh","para-pinituwa","para-sepuh","para-sesepuh","pinisepuh-pinisepuh","pinituwa"]·KO["장로들","장로들-의","장로들-이","장로들을","장로들의","장로들이"]·PT["anciãos-de","os-anciãos-de"]·RU["старейшин","старейшинам","старейшинами","старейшины"]·ES["ancianos-de","ancianos-de-","los-ancianos-de"]·SW["kila","wazee","wazee-wa"]·TR["ihtiyarları","ihtiyarları-","ihtiyarlarına","ihtiyarlarını","ihtiyarlarının","ileri-gelenleri","ileri-gelenlerine","ileri-gelenlerinin","yaşlıları"]·urd["بزرگ","بزرگ-ہیں","بزرگوں"]
Gen 50:7, Gen 50:7, Exod 3:16, Exod 4:29, Exod 12:21, Exod 17:6, Exod 18:12, Exod 24:14, Lev 4:15, Num 11:16, Num 11:25, Num 16:25 (+38 more)
2. old, aged person — Adjectival or substantive use describing physical old age or an elderly person without institutional connotation, including 'old man,' 'the aged,' and comparative uses; Arabic شَيْخ (shaykh) in its age-descriptive sense, Korean consistently renders 늙은/늘은 (neulgeun, old) or 노인 (noin, elderly person) rather than 장로, and Swahili mzee (singular) marks individual aged persons. 39×
AR["الشَّيْخُ","الشَّيْخِ","شَيخٌ","شَيخٍ","شَيْخًا","شَيْخٌ","شَيْخٍ","مَلِكٍ"]·ben["বৃদ্ধ"]·DE["Aeltester","Alten","alt","alt-Mann","dem-alten","der-alt","einen-alten"]·EN["elder","old","old-man","the-old"]·FR["ancien","le-ancien","le-vieux","vieux","vieux-homme"]·heb["ה-זקן","זקן"]·HI["बुढ़ा","बुध","बूढ़ा","बूढ़े","बूढ़े-ने","बोओध","वृद्ध"]·ID["orang-tua","tua","tua-itu","yang-tua"]·IT["anziano","il-vecchio","vecchio","vecchio-uomo"]·jav["ingkang-sepuh","sepuh","sepèh","sepùh","tiyang-sepuh"]·KO["그-늘은이가","그-늘은이에게","그-늙은","노인","늘어서","늘었고","늘은","늘은이","늘은이가","늘은자","늙은"]·PT["idoso","o-idoso","o-velho","velho"]·RU["старец","старик","старому","старца","старый","старым"]·ES["anciano","el-anciano","viejo"]·SW["mzee","na-mtoto","na-wakainama","zaken"]·TR["-yaşlı","yasli","yaşlı","yaşlıya"]·urd["ال-بوڑھا","بوڑھا","بوڑھے","بوڑھے-وہ"]
Gen 18:11, Gen 19:4, Gen 25:8, Gen 35:29, Gen 43:27, Gen 44:20, Lev 19:32, Deut 28:50, Josh 6:21, Judg 19:16, Judg 19:17, Judg 19:20 (+27 more)
3. sense 3 1×
AR["وَعَجَائِزُ"]·ben["এবং-বৃদ্ধা"]·DE["und-Aeltester"]·EN["and-old-women"]·FR["et-ancien"]·heb["ו-זקנות"]·HI["और-बूढ़ियाँ"]·ID["dan-orang-tua-perempuan"]·IT["e-anziano"]·jav["lan-tiyang-sepuh-èstri"]·KO["그리고-노파들이"]·PT["e-velhas"]·RU["и-старицы"]·ES["y-ancianas"]·SW["na-wanawake-wazee"]·TR["ve-yaşlı-kadınlar"]·urd["اور-بوڑھی-عورتیں"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
זָקֵן adj. old, abs. ז׳ Gn 19:4 + 30 times (on distinct. from vb. v. supr.); cstr. זְקַן Gn 24:2; pl. זְקֵנִים Gn 18:11 + 44 times; זְקֵנוֹת Zc 8:4; cstr. זִקְנֵי Gn 50:7 + 85 times; sf. זְקֵנַי La 1:19, זְקֵנֶיךָ Dt 21:2; 32:7, זְקֵנָיו Jos 8:33 + 3 times, זְקֵנֶיהָ Ju 8:14, זְקֵנֵינוּ Ex 10:9 Jos 9:11, זִקְנֵיכֶם Dt 5:20 + 2 times;— 1. old, of human beings, as adj. pred. Gn 18:11 (J), Jb 32:4…