This pivotal word in Song of Solomon 2:12 can mean either 'singing' (from the root 'to sing') or 'pruning' (from 'to trim vines'). Traditional interpretation favors 'singing of birds,' creating a romantic springtime scene. But 'pruning season' fits agricultural realities—spring was when vinedressers trimmed vines. Either way, the term marks seasonal renewal: birds return and sing, or vines are prepared for fruitfulness. Most modern translations choose 'singing,' drawn by the poetic context.