זֶה H2063
This (fem. demonstrative pronoun); also in prepositional idioms: like this, in this, to this, and connective 'and this'
The feminine counterpart of the common Hebrew demonstrative zeh, zoʾt points to a specific person, thing, or situation that is present or recently mentioned. With over 500 occurrences it is one of the workhorses of Hebrew discourse, yet its meaning shifts significantly when combined with prepositions -- ke- yields 'like this, thus,' be- yields 'by this, in this,' and lamed yields 'to this, for this.' These prepositional compounds become fixed idioms for manner, instrument, and purpose, giving a single pronoun surprising rhetorical range across narrative, legal, and poetic texts.
1. this (demonstrative pronoun) — The core demonstrative 'this,' pointing to a near entity or situation. Spanish esta/este and German diese map directly. Ubiquitous in covenant formulae ('this land,' Gen 15:7, 18) and narrative identification ('this woman,' Gen 21:10), functioning as the primary feminine deictic across all genres. 527×
AR["الْ-هذا","الْ-هذِهِ","هذِهِ","هَذِهِ","هٰذِهِ"]·ben["-এই","এই","এটি"]·DE["das-dies","diese","diesem","diesen","dieser","dieses"]·EN["the-this"]·FR["le-ce"]·heb["ה-זאת"]·HI["इस","यह"]·ID["-ini","ini"]·IT["il-questo"]·jav["punika"]·KO["이"]·PT["a-esta","esta","este","o-este"]·RU["-этой","-этот","-эту","эта","это","этой","этот","эту"]·ES["el-este","esta","este","la-esta","vez"]·SW["hii","huu","huyu","lile","na-fedha"]·TR["-bu","bu","bunu"]·urd["-اس","اس","اِس","یہ"]
Gen 12:7, Gen 15:7, Gen 15:18, Gen 21:10, Gen 21:10, Gen 21:30, Gen 24:5, Gen 24:7, Gen 26:3, Gen 28:15, Gen 31:13, Gen 31:52 (+38 more)
▼ 5 more senses below
Senses
2. like this, thus, such — With the preposition ke- (כ), the pronoun yields 'like this, thus, such' -- expressing manner or comparison. French comme ceci, German wie dies, and Arabic هكذا all employ dedicated manner constructions. Common in reported speech ('I did thus and so,' Josh 7:20) and comparative descriptions (Gen 45:23). 28×
AR["كَ-هٰذا","كَ-هٰذِهِ","كَذا","كَـ-هٰذَا","كَـ-هٰذِهِ","كَهَذَا","كَهٰذا","كَهٰذَا","هَكَذَا","هٰكَذَا","وَ-كذا","وَ-كَذا","وَكَذا","وَكَذَا"]·ben["এই-রকম","এইভাবে","এইরকম","এইরূপ","এইরূপে","এবং-এইভাবে","এবং-এইরকম","এবং-এইরূপ","এমন","এরকম"]·DE["und-so","und-wie-dieser","wie-dies","wie-diese","wie-dieser"]·EN["according-to-this","and-like-this","and-thus","like-this"]·FR["comme-ce","comme-ceci","et-ainsi","et-comme-ceci","wie-celle-ci"]·heb["ו-כ-זאת","כ-זאת"]·HI["इस-प्रकार","ऐसा","ऐसी","ऐसे","और-ऐसा","और-ऐसी","काजोत","जैसा","वकजोत"]·ID["begini","dan-begini","dan-demikian","dan-seperti-itu","demikian","seperti-ini"]·IT["come-questa","come-questo","e-come-questo","e-così"]·jav["Kados-punika","kados-makaten","kados-punika","lan-kados-punika","lan-makaten","lan-mekaten","makaten"]·KO["같이-이것","그리고-이같이","그리고-이러이러하게","그리고-이와-같이","이같은","이같은-것을","이것을","이겙은-것을","이러이러하게","이와-같은","이와-같은-것을","이와-같은-것이","이와-같이","처럼-이것"]·PT["assim","assim-e-assim","como-este","como-isto","e-assim","e-assim-e-assim"]·RU["и-так","и-так-и-так","как-это","подобное","так","так-и-так","такого","такое","такой"]·ES["Así-y-así","así","como-este","como-esto","esto","y-así"]·SW["hivi","hivyo","kama-hii","kama-hivi","kazot","kaּzot","kwa-wakati","na-hivi","na-hivyo"]·TR["boyle","bunun-gibi","böyle","böylesi","ve-böyle","ve-soyle","ve-şöyle","şöyle"]·urd["اور-ایسا","اور-یوں","ایسا","ایسا۔","ایسی","ایسے"]
Gen 45:23, Josh 7:20, Josh 7:20, Judg 8:8, Judg 13:23, Judg 15:7, Judg 19:30, 1 Sam 4:7, 2 Sam 14:13, 2 Sam 17:15, 2 Sam 17:15, 2 Sam 17:15 (+16 more)
3. and this, this too — Joined with the conjunction waw (ו), producing 'and this' to introduce additional items, specifications, or consequential statements. Functions prominently in legal and liturgical lists -- 'and this is the offering' (Exod 25:3), 'and this is the law of...' (Lev 6:14; 7:1, 11). French et ceci, German und dies parallel the additive function. 25×
AR["وَ-هذِهِ","وَ-هَذِهِ","وَ-هٰذَا","وَ-هٰذِهِ","وَهَذِهِ","وَهٰذَا","وَهٰذِهِ"]·ben["আর-এটা","এবং-এই","এবং-এটা","এবং-এটাই-","ও-এটা"]·DE["und-dies","und-dies-ist","und-diese","und-dieser"]·EN["and-this","and-this-","is-the-repose"]·FR["et-ce","et-ceci","et-cette"]·heb["ו-זאת","ו-זאת-"]·HI["और-यह","और-यह-","और-यह-है"]·ID["Dan-ini","Dan-inilah","dan-ini","dan-inilah"]·IT["e-questa","e-questo"]·jav["Lan-punika","lan-punika","lan-punika-","lan-puniki"]·KO["그리고-이것-은","그리고-이것-을","그리고-이것-이","그리고-이것은","그리고-이것이","그리고-이것이-","그리고-이것이다","이것이"]·PT["E-esta","E-este-","E-isto","e-esta","e-este","e-isto","§ E-esta","§ E-este","¶ E-esta"]·RU["И-вот","И-это","и-это","и-это-"]·ES["Y-esta","Y-este","Y-esto","y-esta","y-este","y-esto"]·SW["Na-hii","Na-hii-","akamruka-hii","na-hii","na-hivi"]·TR["Ve-bu","Ve-budur","ve-bu","ve-bu-","ve-budur","ve-bunu"]·urd["اور-یہ"]
4. in/by/with this — With the preposition be- (ב), yielding 'in this, by this, with this' -- marking instrument, means, or condition. Pivotal in narrative tests and proofs: 'By this you shall know' (Exod 7:17), 'By this shall you be tested' (Gen 42:15). German dadurch ('thereby') captures the instrumental force well. 19×
AR["بِ-هذا","بِ-هَذَا","بِ-هٰذا","بِ-هٰذَا","بِـ-هَذَا","بِـ-هٰذَا","بِهَذَا","بِهٰذَا","فِي-هٰذِهِ","وَبِ-هٰذَا"]·ben["-তে-এতে,","আর-এতে","এইতে","এইভাবে","এটাতে-","এতে","এতে-তে","এতেও"]·DE["dadurch","diese","durch-dies","durch-diese","in-dies","in-diese","in-dieser","mit-dies","und-in-diese","unter-dieser-Bedingung"]·EN["and-in-this","by-this","even-then","in-this","with-this"]·FR["avec-ce","dans-ce","dans-ceci","dans-celle-ci","dans-cette","et-in-celle-ci","in-celle-ci","par-ce"]·heb["ב-זאת","בְּ-זֹאת","ו-ב-זאת"]·HI["-में-इस","इस-पर","इस-में","इस-से","इसमें","इससे","और-इसकेकारण","में-इस"]·ID["Dengan-ini","dalam-hal-ini","dan-karena-ini","dengan-ini","karena-ini"]·IT["con-questo","da-questo","e-in-questa","in-questa","in-questo","per-questo"]·jav["Kalayan-punika","Mawi-punika","Mekaten","ing-punika","kalayan-punika","kanthi-punika","lan-amargi-punika","mawi-punika","mekaten","saking-punika","wonten-ing-punika"]·KO["-이것-으로","그리고-에-이것","에-이것","이것-안에서","이것-에서","이것-으로","이것에","이것으로","이것으로도"]·PT["Com-isto","Por-isto","com-isso","com-isto","e-por-isto","nesta","nisso","nisto","por-isso","por-isto"]·RU["в-этом","за-это","и-за-это","на-этом","по-этому","при-этом","через-это","этим"]·ES["Con-esto","En-esto","Y-por-esto","con-esta","con-esto","en-esta","en-esto","por-esto"]·SW["Kwa-hii","Kwa-hili","Kwa-hivi","Na-kwa-hili","hili","katika-hii","katika-hili","kumbe","kwa-hii","kwa-hili","kwa-hilo","kwa-hivi","mtaka-hii"]·TR["-de-bununla","Bu-vesileyle","bunda","bunda-","bununla","ve-bundan-dolayı"]·urd["-اِس-میں-بھی","اس-سے","اس-سے-","اس-میں","اور-اس-سے","اِس-سے","اِس-شرط-پر","اِس-میں","اِس-پر"]
Gen 34:15, Gen 34:22, Gen 42:15, Gen 42:33, Exod 7:17, Lev 16:3, Lev 26:27, Num 16:28, Josh 3:10, 1 Sam 11:2, 1 Chr 27:24, 2 Chr 19:2 (+7 more)
5. to/for this, at this — With the preposition lamed (ל), producing 'to this, for this, at this' -- indicating purpose, direction, or cause. Appears in the memorable exclamation 'This one shall be called woman' (Gen 2:23) and in rhetorical questions about divine purpose (Jer 5:7). French à ceci and Spanish a esto replicate the directional sense. 5×
AR["لِ-هَذِهِ","لِ-هٰذَا","لِـ-هٰذَا","لِهَذَا","هٰذِهِ"]·ben["-এর-জন্য-এই","একে","এজন্য","এটাকে","এতেও"]·DE["diese","zu-dies","zu-diese"]·EN["at-this","for-this","this","to-this"]·FR["à-ce","à-celle-ci","à-cette"]·heb["ל-זאת"]·HI["इस-को","इस-पर","इसके-लिए","इसे","के-लिए-इस"]·ID["ini","karena-ini","pada-ini","untuk-ini","yang-ini"]·IT["a-questa","a-questo","per-questa"]·jav["amargi-punika","dhateng-punika","kangge-punika","tumrap-punika"]·KO["에-이것","에-이것을","이것-에","이것에","이것을-위해"]·PT["a-esta","a-isto","para-isto","por-isto"]·RU["за-это","на-это","от-этого","это","этой"]·ES["a-esta","a-esto","por-esto"]·SW["huyu","kwa-hii","kwa-hili"]·TR["buna"]·urd["اس پر","اس-پر","اِس-پر","اِسے"]
6. sense 6 — A rare comparative construction with min (מ), meaning 'than this' or 'more than this,' attested once at 2 Sam 6:22 where David declares he will be even more undignified than this. Spanish más que esto and French que ceci capture the comparative force. 1×
AR["مِنْ-هٰذَا"]·ben["এর-চেয়ে"]·DE["als-dieser"]·EN["than-this"]·FR["que-ceci"]·heb["מ-זאת"]·HI["इससे"]·ID["dari-ini"]·IT["di-questo"]·jav["langkung-saking-puniki"]·KO["에서-이것보다"]·PT["do-que-isto"]·RU["больше-этого"]·ES["más-que-esto"]·SW["kuliko-hivi"]·TR["bundan"]·urd["اِس-سے"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
זֶה demonstr. pron. and adv. fem. זֹאת, once זֹאתה, Jer 26:6 Kt (also זֹה and זוֹ, q.v.); comm. זוּ (q.v.): this, here (the element ז = ذ = ܕ is widely diffused in the Semitic languages, as a demonstr. particle, often acquiring, like Engl. that, Germ. der, die, das, the force of a relative. Thus a. Ph. זֶ this (e.g. קבר ז this grave), also sometimes זן, f. זא, comm. אז (v. CIS I. i. 1:4, 5, 6,…