H1993 H1993
To murmur, roar, growl, moan, or be in turmoil; used of crashing seas, grieving hearts, noisy crowds, and inner agitation.
A richly onomatopoeic verb that echoes with the rumble of the sea, the moan of the grieving, and the clamor of the crowd. When Psalm 46:3 declares that the waters 'roar,' Spanish uses 'bramar' (to bellow) and French 'mugir' (to low like cattle), each language reaching for its own animal sound to capture the turbulence. In Proverbs, the same root paints the portrait of the 'loud woman' — Spanish 'alborotada' (boisterous) — while in the Psalms it turns inward to describe the soul's own restless disquiet. The Arabic cognate hamhama (to murmur) confirms this root's deep association with low, resonant, unsettled sound.
1. roar, rage (of seas/nations) — The roaring or raging of seas, waters, and nations in tumult. Psalm 46:3,6 uses it for both literal waters and peoples in uproar. Isaiah 17:12 draws the parallel explicitly: nations rage like the roaring of many waters. Spanish 'bramar' and French 'mugir' both reach for animal-sound metaphors (bellowing, lowing) to render this deep, rolling turbulence. 13×
AR["تَهدِرُ","تَهْدِرُ","كَـ-هَدِيرِ","هَدَرَتِ","وَ-تَضِجُّ","وَ-يَهْدِرُونَ","وَتَعِجُّ","وَهَدَرَتْ","يَضِجُّونَ","يَضِجّونَ","يَعِجُّ","يَهْدِرُ"]·ben["-এবং-গর্জন-করে","-গর্জনের-মতো","আর-গর্জন-করে","আর-গর্জন-করে-তারা","এবং-গর্জন-করে","কোলাহল-করে","গর্জন-করবে","গর্জন-করে","গর্জন-করেছে","ব্যস্ত-হয়"]·DE["[המו]","brüllen","laermen","machen-ein-uproar","raged","sie-sind-in-turmoil","und-laermen"]·EN["and-roar","and-will-roar","it-roars","like-roaring-of","make-an-uproar","raged","roar","roars","they-are-in-turmoil","they-roar","they-will-roar"]·FR["et-mugir","gronder","le-gronder","mugir"]·heb["המו","ו-המו","ו-יהמו","יהמה","יהמו","יהמיון","כ-המות"]·HI["और-उमड़ती-हैं","और-गरजती-हैं","गरजते-हैं","गरजना-जैसे","गरजीं","गरजें","गरजेगी","वे-शोर-मचाएंगे","वे-हलचल-मचाते-हैं"]·ID["bergemuruh","dan-bergemuruh","dan-menderu","dan-menggulung","menderu","mereka-bergemuruh","ramai","riuh","sehingga-bergemuruh","seperti-gemuruh"]·IT["e-tumultuare","rumoreggio'","tumultuare"]·jav["Gumuruh","Mugi-gumuruh","gemuruh","gumuruh","gègèr","kados-gumuruh","lan-gemuruh","lan-gumrojog","lan-ombak-ombakipun-gumuruh","sami-rame","supados-gemuruh"]·KO["그리고-소란하느니라","그리고-포효하리라-그것들이","그리고-포효하여","그리고-포효해도","딠들다","떠들도다","떠들었도다","소란-같이","소란하리라","소란하며","포효하리라-그것이","포효한다"]·PT["Bramaram","Bramirão","brama","como-o-rugido-de","e-bramam","e-bramaram","e-bramiram","fazem-tumulto","ruge","rugem","rugirão","se-inquietam"]·RU["бушуют","и-зашумят","и-шумят","как-шум","ревёт","шумели","шуметь","шумит","шумят"]·ES["brama","como-estruendo-de","ruge","rugen","rugieron","rugirán","rujan","se-afanan","y-braman","y-bramarán","y-rugen"]·SW["Yangurume","Zilipofanya-fujo","inanguruma","inavuma","kama-kuvuma","na-mawimbi-yake","na-yanagonga","na-yananguruma","na-zinanguruma","wanafanya-fujo","wanafanya-ghasia","wanavuma","watapiga-kelele"]·TR["Kükrediler","Kükrerler","gurleme-gibi","gurleyecekler","gürlüyor","gürültulü","gürültü-ederler","gürültü-yapıyorlar","kükrüyor","ve-gurledi","ve-gürüldeyecekler","ve-kükrediler","ve-uğulduyorlar"]·urd["اور-گرجتی-ہیں","اور-گرجتیں-ہیں","اور-گرجیں","اور-گرجیں-گی","شور-مچائیں-گے","شور-مچاتی-ہیں","شور-مچاتے-ہیں","شور-کی-طرح","گرجتی-ہے","گرجیں","گرجے-گی","گھبراتے-ہیں"]
Ps 39:6, Ps 46:3, Ps 46:6, Ps 83:2, Isa 17:12, Isa 17:12, Isa 51:15, Jer 5:22, Jer 6:23, Jer 31:35, Jer 50:42, Jer 51:55 (+1 more)
▼ 3 more senses below
Senses
2. moan, groan, howl in grief — Moaning, groaning, or howling in grief and distress. In Psalm 55:17, the psalmist moans and groans in prayer; in Isaiah 16:11, the prophet's inward parts 'moan like a lyre' for Moab. Isaiah 59:11 compares Israel's mourning to the growling of bears — Spanish 'rugimos' (we roar/growl) — showing how grief and animal sound blur in this sense. 10×
AR["تَضِجُّ","نَهْدِرُ","وَ-أَئِنُّ","وَأَئِنُّ","يَرَنُّ","يَعوونَ","يَنوحونَ","يَهِيجُ-"]·ben["আমরা-গর্জন-করি","এবং-দীর্ঘশ্বাস-ফেলি","ও-গর্জন-করি-আমি","কুজন-করছে","গর্জন-করবে","গুঞ্জরণ-করে","তারা-গর্জন-করে","স্পন্দন-করছে-"]·DE["der-Tod","laermen","sie","sie-howl","sie-wird-howl","und-ich-moan","und-moan"]·EN["We-growl","and-I-moan","and-moan","groaning-","moan","moaning","moans","they-howl","they-will-howl"]·FR["et-gronder","gronder","ils","mugir"]·heb["הומה-","הומות","ו-אהמה","ו-אהמיה","יהמה","יהמו","נהמה"]·HI["कराहता-है","कुड़कुड़ाते-हुए","गुर्राते-हैं","धड़क-रहा-है-","वे-एहेमायाह","शोक-करता-है","हम-गुर्राते-हैं"]·ID["Kita-mengerang","berdebar-","bergema","dan-aku-mengerang","meratap"]·IT["e-rumoreggio'","essi","rumoreggio'","tumultuare"]·jav["Kita-nggeram","Yéhuwah","gumeter","gumrobyag-","nangis","ndremimil","saha-kawula-nangis","tumpes"]·KO["그리고-신음하리이다","두근거린다","신음하는-자들이라","울리며","울린다","울부짓도다","울부짓으라","으르렁거리는데","탄식하나이다"]·PT["Rugimos","agita-se","e-gemerei","e-gemo","geme","gemendo","gemerrão","uivam","uivem"]·RU["воют","и-стенаю","рычим-мы","стенает","стонут","стонущие","шумит-"]·ES["Rugimos","Se-agita","aullán","gime","gimen","gimiendo","y-gemiré","y-gimo"]·SW["inaomboleza","na-kuomboleza","na-kuugua","tunaunguruma","unalia","unaomboleza","wakiomboleza","wananguruma","zinagonga"]·TR["Homurdanairiz","gürültü-yapıyor-","hırlıyorlar","inler","inleyecek","tümü","ve-inleyeceğim","ve-inliyorum"]·urd["اور-کراہتا-ہوں","دھڑکتا-ہے-","غُرّائیں","وَ-کَراہوں","وہ-گونجے-گا","کراہے-گا","کُوکتے-ہوئے","گرجتے-ہیں-ہم"]
3. be loud, clamorous, noisy — Being boisterous, loud, or clamorous, especially of persons and noisy places. Proverbs deploys this root three times for disruptive loudness: wine is a 'mocker' and beer a 'brawler' (Prov 20:1), and the 'loud woman' of Prov 7:11 and 9:13 is 'homiyyah.' Spanish 'alborotada' (uproarious) conveys the social disruption. In 1 Kings 1:41, the city is 'in an uproar' at Adonijah's feast. 6×
AR["الصَّاخِبَاتِ","صاخِبٌ","صَاخِبَةٌ","ضَاجٌّ","ضَاجَّةٌ"]·ben["উন্মত্ত","কোলাহলকারী","কোলাহলপূর্ণ-রাস্তার","গুঞ্জরিত।","শব্দমুখর"]·DE["[המיה]","[המיות]","ist-in-uproar","laermen","sie"]·EN["brawler","is-in-uproar","is-loud","loud","the-noisy-streets","tumultuous"]·FR["est-dans-uproar","faire-du-bruit","mugir"]·heb["הומה","הומיה","הומיות","הומייה"]·HI["ऊपर","गरजती-है","गरजने-वाला","शोरगुलवाली","हंगामा-करनेवाली"]·ID["Berisik","berisik","gaduh","ribut","tempat-tempat-ramai","yang-riuh"]·IT["tumultuare","tumultuosa","è-in-uproar"]·jav["gumrenggeng","ingkang-ramè","kang-ramé","rame","ramé"]·KO["떠들썹하고","시끄러운","시끄러운-곳-들-의","시끄러운가"]·PT["Tumultuosa","barulhenta","barulhento","rumorejando","tumultuosas","turbulenta"]·RU["Шумная","шумит","шумлив","шумная","шумный","шумных-мест"]·ES["alborotada","alborotador","alborotadora","las-bulliciosas","ruidosa"]·SW["ana-kelele","mwenye-kelele","unatoa-kelele","wenye-kelele","wenye-makelele"]·TR["gurultucu","gürültücü","gürültücüdür","gürültülü","gürültülü-yerlerin"]·urd["شور-مچا-رہی-ہے","شور-مچاتی-ہے","شور-مچانے-والا","شور-مچانے-والی","شور-کی","شوریلی"]
4. be in turmoil, be disquieted — Inner turmoil, agitation, or disquiet of the soul. The threefold refrain of Psalms 42-43 asks: 'Why are you in turmoil, O my soul?' (Ps 42:5, 42:11, 43:5). Spanish 'te turbas' (you are troubled) and the reflexive tone reveal that the same root used for crashing waves now describes emotional upheaval. Jeremiah 31:20 and Song 5:4 extend this to God's own compassion stirring within Him. 5×
AR["اضْطَرَبَتْ","تَضْطَرِبينَ","هَمُو","وَتَضْطَرِبينَ"]·ben["অশান্ত-হও","অস্থির-হও-তুমি","ও-কেন-অশান্ত-হও","কেঁপে-উঠল","দ্রবীভূত-হয়েছে"]·DE["[המו]","laermen","sind-du-in-turmoil","und-warum-sind-du-in-turmoil"]·EN["and-why-are-you-in-turmoil","are-stirred","are-you-in-turmoil","stirred"]·FR["et-gronder","gronder","mugir","se-sont-émues"]·heb["המו","ו-תהמי","תהמי"]·HI["उमड़ते-हैं","और-क्यों-तू-व्याकुल-है","काँपीं","तू-व्याकुल-है"]·ID["bergejolak"]·IT["e-rumoreggio'","rumoreggio'","tumultuare","tumultuosa"]·jav["gemeter","gemuruh","kageger","lan-kageger"]·KO["그리고-소란하는가","설레었네","소란하는가","소란하였다"]·PT["comoveram-se","e-te-perturbas","estremeceram","te-perturbas"]·RU["взволновались","волнуется","и-смущаешься","смущаешься"]·ES["se-conmovieron","se-conmueven","te-turbas","y-te-turbas"]·SW["ikajawa","na-unafadhaika","umeguswa","unafadhaika"]·TR["calkalandi","gürültü-ediyorsun","ve-gürültü-ediyorsun","çalkandı"]·urd["اور-بے-قرار-ہے","بے-قرار-ہے","تڑپ-اُٹھے","تڑپتیں-ہیں"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [הָמָה] vb. murmur, growl, roar, be boisterous (𝔗 הֲמָא, but rare, and perhaps not genuine Aramaic; cf. Arabic هَمْهَمَ murmur);— Qal Pf. 3 mpl. הָמוּ ψ 46:7 + 2 times; וְהָמוּ consec. Je 5:22 + 2 times; Impf. יֶהֱמֶה Jr 6:23 + 3 times; 2 fs. תֶּהֱמִי ψ 42:12; 43:5; וַתֶּהֱמִי 42:6; אֶהֱמֶה 55:18; אֶהֱמָ֑יָה 77:4; יֶהֱמוּ 46:4 + 3 times; וַיֶּהֱמוּ Is 51:15; Je 31:35; יֶהֱמָיוּ֑ן ψ 39:7 + 2…