H1607 H1607
to shake, quake, toss; to stagger, reel (figurative)
1. to shake, quake, toss — Describes violent shaking or quaking, used of cosmic and natural convulsions. In the Qal, the earth shakes at YHWH's theophanic anger (Ps 18:8 = 2 Sam 22:8, wattig'ash 'and the earth shook'). In the Hitpael, the same theophanic quaking is expressed (2 Sam 22:8 Qere, yitga'ash), and the verb extends to the surging/tossing of waters (Jer 5:22 'they toss about but cannot prevail'; Jer 46:7-8 'waters surge like rivers'). The Pual passive in Job 34:20 ('nobles are shaken') describes being violently dislodged. All forms share the core sense of forceful, convulsive movement. Arabic iDTarabat, Hindi kanpi/Dagmagain, Korean heundeullyeotdoda, Spanish se estremecieron uniformly confirm shaking/trembling across all stems. 9×
AR["تَضْطَرِبُ","فَارْتَجَتْ","وَ-يَتَمَوَّجُونَ","وَارْتَجَتْ","وَارْتَجَّتْ","يَضطَرِبونَ"]·ben["(কেতিব)","আন্দোলিত-হয়","এবং-কম্পিত-হল","এবং-কাঁপল","এবং-গর্জন-করে","নড়ে-চড়ে"]·DE["[k]","[ויתגעשו]","[יגעשו]","[יתגעשו]","und-shook","und-sie-shook"]·EN["[k]","and-it-shook","and-shook","and-they-shook","and-they-toss-about","are-shaken","surge"]·FR["[k]","[ויתגעשו]","[יתגעשו]","et-agiter","et-cela-shook","et-ils-shook","יגעשו"]·heb["ו-יתגעש","ו-יתגעשו","ו-תגעש","יגועשו","יתגעשו"]·HI["उबलते-हैं","और-काँपी","और-कांपी","और-कांपे","और-डगमगाईं","और-वे-उछलते-हैं","और-हिली","कांपते-हैं"]·ID["(dan-berguncang)","Dan-bergemuruh","Dan-berguncang","[dan-berguncang]","bergelora","berguncang","dan-bergoncang","dan-berguncang"]·IT["[k]","agitarsi","e-agitarsi","e-essi-shook","e-esso-shook","e-fu-scosso","sono-shaken"]·jav["(lan-goyah)","Saha-oyag","[lan-goyah]","geter","lan-goyah","lan-ngantos-gumrojog","saha-oyag","umob"]·KO["(그리고-흔들렸다)","[그리고-흔들렸다]","그리고-물결쳐도","그리고-흔들렸다","그리고-흔들렸도다","월렵거리다","흔들린다"]·PT["(e-tremeu)","E-agitam-se","E-tremeu","[e-tremeu]","agitam-se","e-se-abalaram","e-tremeram","serão-sacudidos"]·RU["[кетив]","волнуются","и-заволнуется","и-заколебалась","и-заколебались","и-потряслись","потрясается"]·ES["(y-se-estremeció)","[y-se-estremeció]","se-agitan","se-sacuden","y-se-agitarán","y-se-estremecieron","y-se-estremeció"]·SW["Na-ilitikisika","ingawa-yanachafuka","na-ikatetemeka","na-ilitikisika","wanatetemeka","yanayochafuka"]·TR["(ve-titredi)","[ve-titredi]","kabarır","sarsılır","ve-dalgalanacaklar","ve-sarsıldılar","ve-titredi"]·urd["(اور-ہلی)","[اور-ہلی]","اور-تھرتھرائیں","اور-موجیں-اُٹھتی-ہیں","اور-ہلی","اور-ہلیں","متلاطم-ہوتے-ہیں","ہلتے ہیں"]
▼ 1 more sense below
Senses
2. to stagger, reel (figurative) — Figurative extension of the quaking sense, describing the staggering or reeling of nations under divine judgment, as in Jeremiah 25:16 (wehitgo'ashu 'and they shall stagger,' of nations drinking the cup of God's wrath). The Hitpael consecutive perfect here conveys involuntary, disoriented movement caused by intoxication from the divine cup of fury. German staggern, Hindi Dagmagaen (totter), Korean biteulgeoririra (stagger), Spanish se tambalearan (they will stagger) all distinguish this figurative usage from the literal earth-shaking sense, pointing to human bodily reeling rather than geological convulsion. 1×
AR["وَ-يَتَرَنَّحُونَ"]·ben["আর-থরথর-করবে"]·DE["[והתגעשו]"]·EN["and-stagger"]·FR["[והתגעשו]"]·heb["ו-התגועשו"]·HI["और-डगमगाएँ"]·ID["dan-akan-terhuyung-huyung"]·IT["e-agitarsi"]·jav["lan-sami-sempoyongan"]·KO["그리고-비틀거리리라"]·PT["e-cambalearão"]·RU["и-шататься"]·ES["y-se-tambalearán"]·SW["na-watayumba"]·TR["ve-sende-leyecekler"]·urd["اور-ڈگمگائیں"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [גָּעַשׁ] vb. shake, quake (NH id.)— Qal Impf. וַתִּגְעַשׁ ψ 18:8a = 2 S 22:8a Kt (Qr Hithp.);—quake of earth at theoph, ψ 18:8 = 2 S 22:8 (read Kt; ‖ רעשׁ). Pu. Impf. be shaken up, convulsed יְגֹעֲשׁוּ־עָם Jb 34:20 a people are convulsed. Hithp. shake back and forth, toss or reel to and fro וַיִּתְגָּעַשׁ Qr 2 S 22:8a (Qal); יִתְגָּֽעֲשׁוּ Je 46:7, וַיִּתְגָּֽעֲשׁוּ ψ 18:8b + 2 times;—of…